{"id":"F2013L00065","name":"Currency (Perth Mint) Determination 2013 (No. 1)","slug":"currency-perth-mint-determination-2013-no-1","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":126901,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2013L00065-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-03","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Name of determination","content":"#### 1 Name of determination\n\n This determination is the Currency (Perth Mint) Determination 2013 (No. 1).","sortOrder":0},{"sectionNumber":"2","sectionType":"section","heading":"Commencement","content":"#### 2 Commencement\n\n This determination commences on the day after it is registered.","sortOrder":1},{"sectionNumber":"3","sectionType":"section","heading":"Definition","content":"#### 3 Definition\n\n In this determination:\n\n> Act means the Currency Act 1965.","sortOrder":2},{"sectionNumber":"4","sectionType":"section","heading":"Standard weight, design and dimension of coins","content":"#### 4 Standard weight, design and dimension of coins\n\n (1) This section is made for subsection 13A(1) of the Act.\n (2) On and after the day when this determination commences, each item of the table in Part 1 of Schedule 1 specifies the standard weight, the allowable variation from that standard weight, the design and the dimensions of a coin whose denomination is specified, or taken to be specified, in the Schedule to the Act.\n (3) Each item of the table in Part 2 of Schedule 1 explains a symbol used to describe the design of coins in Part 1 of Schedule 1.\n (4) This determination does not affect any other determination made under subsection 13A(1) of the Act.","sortOrder":3},{"sectionNumber":"Part 1","sectionType":"part","heading":"Specifications","content":"## Part 1—Specifications\n\n```html\n

Item

Denomination

Standard composition

Standard weight and allowable variation (g)

Dimensions

Design

Maximum diameter or other dimension (mm)

Maximum thickness (mm)

Shape

Edge

Obverse

Reverse

1

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

32.60

6.00

S1

E1

O1

R1

2

$200

At least 99.99% gold

62.265 ± 0.050

36.60

6.00

S1

E1

O1

R2

3

$8

At least 99.9% silver

156.673 ± 1.000

50.60

12.50

S1

E1

O1

R3

4

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

32.60

6.00

S1

E1

O1

R3

5

$30

At least 99.9% silver

1002.502 ± 1.500

100.60

14.60

S1

E1

O1

R4

6

$100

At least 99.95% platinum

31.185 ± 0.065

32.60

2.70

S1

E1

O1

R5

7

$100

At least 99.99% gold

31.165 0.053

39.34

2.50

S1

E1

O2

R6

8

$25

At least 99.99% gold

7.807 0.030

22.60

2.20

S1

E1

O2

R6

9

$15

At least 99.99% gold

3.133 0.022

18.60

2.00

S1

E1

O2

R6

10

$30000

At least 99.99% gold

10003.000 2.000

180.60

25.00

S1

E1

O3

R7

11

$3000

At least 99.99% gold

1000.350 0.250

100.60

9.00

S1

E1

O4

R7

12

$1000

At least 99.99% gold

311.317 0.250

75.60

6.00

S1

E1

O2

R7

13

$200

At least 99.99% gold

62.265 0.050

41.10

3.90

S1

E1

O2

R7

14

$100

At least 99.99% gold

31.165 0.053

39.34

2.50

S1

E1

O2

R7

15

$50

At least 99.99% gold

15.594 0.040

30.60

2.50

S1

E1

O2

R7

16

$25

At least 99.99% gold

7.807 0.030

22.60

2.20

S1

E1

O2

R7

17

$15

At least 99.99% gold

3.133 0.022

18.60

2.00

S1

E1

O2

R7

18

$5

At least 99.99% gold

1.571 0.015

14.60

1.40

S1

E1

O2

R7

19

$100

At least 99.99% gold

31.165 0.053

39.34

2.50

S1

E1

O2

R8

20

$25

At least 99.99% gold

7.807 0.030

22.60

2.20

S1

E1

O2

R8

21

$15

At least 99.99% gold

3.133 0.022

18.60

2.00

S1

E1

O2

R8

22

$100

At least 99.99% gold

31.165 0.053

39.34

2.50

S1

E1

O2

R9

23

$50

At least 99.99% gold

15.594 0.040

30.60

2.50

S1

E1

O2

R9

24

$25

At least 99.99% gold

7.807 0.030

22.60

2.20

S1

E1

O2

R9

25

$15

At least 99.99% gold

3.133 0.022

18.60

2.00

S1

E1

O2

R9

26

$5

At least 99.99% gold

1.571 0.015

14.60

1.40

S1

E1

O2

R9

27

$100

At least 99.99% gold

31.162 0.055

27.30

5.00

S1

E1

O2

R6

28

$30

At least 99.9% silver

1002.502 ± 1.500

100.60

14.60

S1

E1

O5

R10

29

$8

At least 99.9% silver

156.673 ± 1.000

65.60

5.80

S1

E1

O6

R10

30

$2

At least 99.9% silver

62.770 ± 0.500

55.60

3.60

S1

E1

O6

R10

31

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

45.60

2.60

S1

E1

O6

R10

32

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 ± 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O6

R10

33

$300

At least 99.9% silver

10015.000 ± 5.000

221.00

33.00

S1

E2

O7

R11

34

$30

At least 99.9% silver

1002.502 ± 1.500

100.60

14.60

S1

E1

O5

R11

35

$10

At least 99.9% silver

312.347 ± 1.000

85.60

6.60

S1

E1

O6

R11

36

$8

At least 99.9% silver

156.673 ± 1.000

65.60

5.80

S1

E1

O6

R11

37

$2

At least 99.9% silver

62.770 ± 0.500

55.60

3.60

S1

E1

O6

R11

38

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

45.60

2.60

S1

E1

O6

R11

39

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 ± 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O6

R11

40

$30

At least 99.9% silver

1002.502 ± 1.500

100.60

14.60

S1

E1

O5

R12

41

$2

At least 99.9% silver

62.770 ± 0.500

55.60

3.60

S1

E1

O6

R12

42

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

45.60

2.60

S1

E1

O6

R12

43

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 ± 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O6

R12

44

$30

At least 99.9% silver

1002.502 ± 1.500

100.60

14.60

S1

E1

O5

R13

45

$10

At least 99.9% silver

312.347 ± 1.000

85.60

6.60

S1

E1

O6

R13

46

$8

At least 99.9% silver

156.673 ± 1.000

65.60

5.80

S1

E1

O6

R13

47

$2

At least 99.9% silver

62.770 ± 0.500

55.60

3.60

S1

E1

O6

R13

48

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

45.60

2.60

S1

E1

O6

R13

49

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 ± 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O6

R13

50

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

32.60

6.00

S1

E1

O6

R10

51

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

45.60

2.60

S1

E1

O6

R14

52

$30

At least 99.9% silver

1002.502 ± 1.500

100.60

14.60

S1

E1

O5

R15

53

$1

Aluminium and bronze

13.500 ± 1.000

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O8

R16

54

$200

At least 99.99% gold

62.265 0.050

41.10

3.90

S1

E1

O9

R17

55

$25

At least 99.99% gold

7.807 0.030

20.60

2.00

S1

E1

O9

R17

56

$25

At least 99.99% gold

7.807 0.030

20.60

2.00

S1

E1

O9

R18

57

$25

At least 99.99% gold

7.807 0.030

20.60

2.00

S1

E1

O9

R19

58

$10

At least 99.9% silver

312.347 ± 1.000

75.60

8.70

S1

E1

O9

R20

59

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O9

R21

60

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O9

R22

61

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O9

R23

62

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O9

R24

63

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O8

R25

64

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O8

R26

65

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O8

R27

66

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O8

R28

67

$1

Aluminium and bronze

13.500 ± 1.000

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O10

R29

68

$1

Aluminium and bronze

13.500 ± 1.000

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O10

R30

69

$1

Aluminium and bronze

13.500 ± 1.000

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O10

R31

70

$1

Aluminium and bronze

13.500 ± 1.000

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O10

R32

71

$1

Aluminium and bronze

13.500 ± 1.000

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O10

R33

72

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O8

R34

73

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O10

R35

74

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O10

R36

75

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O10

R37

76

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O10

R38

77

$1

Aluminium and bronze

13.500 ± 1.000

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O10

R39

78

$1

Aluminium and bronze

13.500 ± 1.000

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O10

R40

79

$1

Aluminium and bronze

13.500 ± 1.000

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O10

R41

80

$1

Aluminium and bronze

13.500 ± 1.000

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O10

R42

81

$1

Aluminium and bronze

13.500 ± 1.000

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O10

R43

82

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

36.60

4.50

S1

E1

O11

R44

83

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

36.60

4.50

S1

E1

O11

R45

84

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

36.60

4.50

S1

E1

O11

R46

85

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60
Wide

4.52

S2

E2

O9

R47

86

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60
Wide

4.52

S2

E2

O8

R48

87

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60
Wide

4.52

S2

E2

O8

R49

88

$25

At least 99.99% gold

7.807 0.030

20.60

2.00

S1

E1

O8

R50

89

$8

At least 99.9% silver

156.673 ± 1.000

60.60

7.90

S1

E1

O8

R51

90

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O8

R52

91

$1

Aluminium and bronze

13.500 ± 1.000

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O8

R53

92

$1

Aluminium and bronze

13.500 ± 1.000

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O1

R54

93

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 ± 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O9

R55

94

$1

Aluminium and bronze

13.500 ± 1.000

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O1

R56

95

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 ± 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O9

R57

96

$1

Aluminium and bronze

13.500 ± 1.000

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O8

R58

97

$2

At least 99.99% gold

0.523 0.023

11.60

0.70

S1

E1

O8

R59

98

$2

At least 99.99% gold

0.523 0.023

11.60

0.70

S1

E1

O9

R60

99

$30

At least 99.9% silver

1002.502 ± 1.500

100.60

14.60

S1

E1

O12

R61

100

$8

At least 99.9% silver

156.673 ± 1.000

60.60

7.90

S1

E1

O12

R62

101

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O12

R62

102

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 ± 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O12

R62

103

$30

At least 99.9% silver

1002.502 ± 1.500

100.60

14.60

S1

E1

O12

R63

104

$8

At least 99.9% silver

156.673 ± 1.000

60.60

7.90

S1

E1

O12

R64

105

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O12

R64

106

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 ± 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O12

R64

107

$30

At least 99.9% silver

1002.502 ± 1.500

100.60

14.60

S1

E1

O12

R65

108

$8

At least 99.9% silver

156.673 ± 1.000

60.60

7.90

S1

E1

O12

R66

109

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O12

R66

110

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 ± 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O12

R66

111

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O12

R67

112

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

45.60

2.60

S1

E1

O12

R68

113

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

45.60

2.60

S1

E1

O6

R69

\n```","sortOrder":4},{"sectionNumber":"Part 2","sectionType":"part","heading":"Symbols explained","content":"## Part 2—Symbols explained\n\n| Item | Design Feature | Symbol | Explanation |\n| ---- | -------------- | ------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n| 1 | Shape | S1 | Circular |\n| 2 | Shape | S2 | Stylised Australian shape |\n| 3 | Edge | E1 | Continuously milled |\n| 4 | Edge | E2 | Plain |\n| 5 | Obverse | O1 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘· ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA ·’;(c) Arabic numerals for the amount, in dollars or cents, of the denomination of the coin, followed by ‘DOLLAR’, ‘DOLLARS’ or ‘CENTS’, as the case requires;(d) ‘IRB’ |\n| 6 | Obverse | O2 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(c) ‘2014’;(d) Arabic numerals for the amount, in dollars, of the denomination of the coin, followed by ‘DOLLAR’, or ‘DOLLARS’ as the case requires;(e) ‘Xoz 9999 GOLD’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight in ounces, of the coin, expressed as a common fraction or a whole number in Arabic numerals);(f) ‘IRB’ |\n| 7 | Obverse | O3 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(c) ‘2014’;(d) ‘30 000 DOLLARS’;(e) ‘10 KILO 9999 GOLD’;(f) ‘IRB’ |\n| 8 | Obverse | O4 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(c) ‘2014’;(d) ‘3 000 DOLLARS’;(e) ‘1KG 9999 GOLD’;(f) ‘IRB’ |\n| 9 | Obverse | O5 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(c) ‘2014’;(d) ‘30 DOLLARS’;(e) ‘1KG 999 SILVER’;(f) ‘IRB’ |\n| 10 | Obverse | O6 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(c) ‘2014’;(d) Arabic numerals for the amount, in dollars or cents, of the denomination of the coin, followed by ‘DOLLAR’, ‘DOLLARS’ or ‘CENTS’ as the case requires;(e) ‘Xoz 999 SILVER’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight in ounces, of the coin, expressed as a common fraction or a whole number in Arabic numerals);(f) ‘IRB’ |\n| 11 | Obverse | O7 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(c) ‘2014’;(d) ‘300 DOLLARS’;(e) ‘10 KILO 999 SILVER’;(f) ‘IRB’ |\n| 12 | Obverse | O8 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘· ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘· AUSTRALIA 2014 ·’;(c) Arabic numerals for the amount, in dollars or cents, of the denomination of the coin, followed by ‘DOLLAR’, ‘DOLLARS’ or ‘CENTS’, as the case requires;(d) ‘IRB’ |\n| 13 | Obverse | O9 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘· ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘· AUSTRALIA 2013 ·’;(c) Arabic numerals for the amount, in dollars or cents, of the denomination of the coin, followed by ‘DOLLAR’, ‘DOLLARS’ or ‘CENTS’, as the case requires;(d) ‘IRB’ |\n| 14 | Obverse | O10 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘· ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA 2015 ·’;(c) Arabic numerals for the amount, in dollars or cents, of the denomination of the coin, followed by ‘DOLLAR’, ‘DOLLARS’ or ‘CENTS’, as the case requires;(d) ‘IRB’ |\n| 15 | Obverse | O11 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II surrounded by a pattern of lines and semicircles, and the following:(a) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA ·’;(c) ‘1 DOLLAR’;(d) ‘IRB’ |\n| 16 | Obverse | O12 | A design consisting of a circle that surrounds an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘· ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA ·’;(c) Arabic numerals for the amount, in dollars or cents, of the denomination of the coin, followed by ‘DOLLAR’, ‘DOLLARS’ or ‘CENTS’, as the case requires;(d) ‘IRB’ |\n| 17 | Reverse | R1 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of a circle enclosing a representation of a kookaburra perched on a stylised tree branch, with stylised leafy foliage in the background, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA’;(b) ‘2014 1oz 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘NM’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 18 | Reverse | R2 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of a stylised leafy tree branch superimposed on a circle enclosing a representation of a koala, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOALA’;(b) ‘2014 2oz 9999 GOLD’;(c) ‘MG’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 19 | Reverse | R3 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of a stylised leafy tree branch superimposed on a circle enclosing a representation of a koala, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOALA’;(b) ‘2014 Xoz 999 SILVER’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight in ounces of the coin, expressed as a whole number in Arabic numerals);(c) ‘MG’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 20 | Reverse | R4 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of a stylised leafy tree branch superimposed on a circle enclosing a representation of a koala, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOALA’;(b) ‘2014 1 KILO 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘MG’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 21 | Reverse | R5 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of a circle enclosing a representation of a platypus superimposed on stylised aquatic grasses and bubbles, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN PLATYPUS’;(b) ‘2014 1oz 9995 PLATINUM’;(c) ‘NM’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 22 | Reverse | R6 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of a pattern of lines forming a circle immediately inside the rim of the coin that surrounds:(a) a representation of a horse in a stylised landscape with grass, loose soil and mountains and clouds in the background; and(b) the following:(i) ‘Year of the Horse’;(ii) ‘the Pinyin pictograph pronounced ‘mǎ’ and meaning ‘horse’’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 23 | Reverse | R7 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of a pattern of lines forming a circle immediately inside the rim of the coin that surrounds:(a) a representation of a horse in a stylised landscape with grass, loose soil and mountains and clouds in the background; and(b) the following:(i) ‘Year of the Horse’;(ii) ‘the Pinyin pictograph pronounced ‘mǎ’ and meaning ‘horse’’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 24 | Reverse | R8 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of a pattern of lines forming a circle immediately inside the rim of the coin, that surrounds:(a) a representation of a coloured horse in a stylised landscape with grass, loose soil and mountains and clouds in the background; and(b) the following:(i) ‘Year of the Horse’;(ii) ‘the Pinyin pictograph pronounced ‘mǎ’ and meaning ‘horse’’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 25 | Reverse | R9 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of a pattern of lines forming a circle immediately inside the rim of the coin that surrounds:(a) a representation of a coloured horse in a stylised landscape with grass, loose soil and mountains and clouds in the background; and(b) the following:(i) ‘Year of the Horse’;(ii) ‘the Pinyin pictograph pronounced ‘mǎ’ and meaning ‘horse’’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 26 | Reverse | R10 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of a pattern of lines forming a circle immediately inside the rim of the coin that surrounds:(a) a representation of two horses in a stylised landscape with leafy trees, hilly terrain and a river; and(b) the following:(i) ‘Year of the Horse’;(ii) ‘the Pinyin pictograph pronounced ‘mǎ’ and meaning ‘horse’’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 27 | Reverse | R11 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of a pattern of lines forming a circle immediately inside the rim of the coin that surrounds:(a) a representation of two horses in a stylised landscape with leafy trees, hilly terrain and a river; and(b) the following:(i) ‘Year of the Horse’;(ii) ‘the Pinyin pictograph pronounced ‘mǎ’ and meaning ‘horse’’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 28 | Reverse | R12 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of a pattern of lines forming a circle immediately inside the rim of the coin that surrounds:(a) a representation of two coloured horses in a stylised landscape with leafy trees, hilly terrain and a river; and(b) the following:(i) ‘Year of the Horse’;(ii) ‘the Pinyin pictograph pronounced ‘mǎ’ and meaning ‘horse’’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 29 | Reverse | R13 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of a pattern of lines forming a circle immediately inside the rim of the coin that surrounds:(a) a representation of two coloured horses in a stylised landscape with leafy trees, hilly terrain and a river; and(b) the following:(i) ‘Year of the Horse’;(ii) ‘the Pinyin pictograph pronounced ‘mǎ’ and meaning ‘horse’’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 30 | Reverse | R14 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of a pattern of lines forming a circle immediately inside the rim of the coin that surrounds:(a) a representation of two gilded horses in a stylised landscape with leafy trees, hilly terrain and a river; and(b) the following:(i) ‘Year of the Horse’;(ii) ‘the Pinyin pictograph pronounced ‘mǎ’ and meaning ‘horse’’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 31 | Reverse | R15 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of a pattern of lines forming a circle immediately inside the rim of the coin that surrounds:(a) a representation of two coloured horses (in which one horse has a gemstone inset into one eye) in a stylised landscape with leafy trees, hilly terrain and a river; and(b) the following:(i) ‘Year of the Horse’;(ii) ‘the Pinyin pictograph pronounced ‘mǎ’ and meaning ‘horse’’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 32 | Reverse | R16 | A design consisting of a representation of two horses in a stylised landscape with leafy trees, hilly terrain and a river, and the following:(a) ‘Year of the Horse’;(b) ‘the Pinyin pictograph pronounced ‘mǎ’ and meaning ‘horse’’;(c) ‘TV’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 33 | Reverse | R17 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of a representation of the Sydney Opera House surrounded by water with stylised ripples on the surface, and the following:(a) ‘THE LAND DOWN UNDER’;(b) ‘Xoz 9999 GOLD’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight in ounces, of the coin, expressed as a common fraction or a whole number in Arabic numerals);(c) ‘NM’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 34 | Reverse | R18 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of a stylised representation of a person surfing on an ocean wave, and the following:(a) ‘THE LAND DOWN UNDER’;(b) ‘1/4oz 9999 GOLD’;(c) ‘AH’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 35 | Reverse | R19 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) a representation of Captain James Cook, holding a map and sitting at a table on which his hat is placed, superimposed on a stylised body of water with a representation of a full‑rigged ship floating on the water; and(b) the following:(i) ‘THE LAND DOWN UNDER’;(ii) ‘1/4oz 9999 GOLD’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 36 | Reverse | R20 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) a coloured representation of the Sydney Opera House superimposed on an outline of a stylised map of Australia enclosing a coloured representation of a firework display in a night sky; and(b) the following:(i) ‘THE LAND DOWN UNDER’;(ii) ‘10 oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘NM’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 37 | Reverse | R21 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) a coloured representation of the Sydney Opera House superimposed on an outline of a stylised map of Australia enclosing a coloured representation of a firework display in a night sky; and(b) the following:(i) ‘THE LAND DOWN UNDER’;(ii) ‘1 oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘NM’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 38 | Reverse | R22 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) a stylised representation of a person standing on sandy soil and holding a surfboard, superimposed on an outline of a stylised map of Australia enclosing a coloured landscape of a body of water with waves breaking, a shoreline, sandy soil and a clear sky in the background; and(b) the following:(i) ‘THE LAND DOWN UNDER’;(ii) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘AH’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 39 | Reverse | R23 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) a representation of Captain James Cook superimposed on an outline of a stylised map of Australia enclosing a coloured representation of a body of water, a full‑rigged ship, a shore with leafy plants in flower, a map showing grids and place names; and(b) the following:(i) ‘THE LAND DOWN UNDER’;(ii) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 40 | Reverse | R24 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) 2 circles surrounding a representation of a procoptodon carrying a baby procoptodon in its pouch, superimposed on a coloured landscape with sandy ground, shrubs, trees and a cloudy sky; and(b) a representation of a plaque with a stylised screw at each end; and(c) the following:(i) ‘PROCOPTODON’;(ii) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘PT’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 41 | Reverse | R25 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) 2 circles surrounding a representation of a diprotodon superimposed on a coloured landscape with grasses, shrubs and trees; and(b) a representation of a plaque with a stylised screw at each end; and(c) the following:(i) ‘DIPROTODON’;(ii) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘PT’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 42 | Reverse | R26 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) 2 circles surrounding a representation of a genyornis sitting on the ground with 5 eggs between its claws, superimposed on a coloured landscape with sandy soil, grasses, shrubs and trees; and(b) a representation of a plaque with a stylised screw at each end; and(c) the following:(i) ‘GENYORNIS’;(ii) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘PT’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 43 | Reverse | R27 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) 2 circles surrounding a representation of a thylacoleo with a young thylacoleo clinging to its back, superimposed on a coloured tree branch with leafy tree branches and a multi‑coloured sky in the background; and(b) a representation of a plaque with a stylised screw at each end; and(c) the following:(i) ‘THYLACOLEO’;(ii) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘PT’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 44 | Reverse | R28 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) 2 circles surrounding a representation of a megalania superimposed on a coloured landscape with sandy soil; and(b) a representation of a plaque with a stylised screw at each end; and(c) the following:(i) ‘MEGALANIA’;(ii) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘PT’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 45 | Reverse | R29 | A design consisting of:(a) a representation of a procoptodon carrying a baby procoptodon in its pouch, standing in a landscape with sandy ground, shrubs and trees; and(b) a representation of a plaque with a stylised screw at each end; and(c) the following:(i) ‘PROCOPTODON’;(ii) ‘$1’;(iii) ‘PT’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 46 | Reverse | R30 | A design consisting of:(a) a representation of a diprotodon lying on the ground in a landscape with grasses, shrubs and trees; and(b) a representation of a plaque with a stylised screw at each end; and(c) the following:(i) ‘DIPROTODON’;(ii) ‘$1’;(iii) ‘PT’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 47 | Reverse | R31 | A design consisting of:(a) a representation of a genyornis sitting on the ground with 5 eggs between its claws, in a landscape with sandy soil, grasses, shrubs and trees; and(b) a representation of a plaque with a stylised screw at each end; and(c) the following:(i) ‘GENYORNIS’;(ii) ‘$1’;(iii) ‘PT’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 48 | Reverse | R32 | A design consisting of:(a) a representation of a thylacoleo with a young thylacoleo clinging to its back, perched on a tree branch with leafy tree branches in the background; and(b) a representation of a plaque with a stylised screw at each end; and(c) the following:(i) ‘THYLACOLEO’;(ii) ‘$1’;(iii) ‘PT’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 49 | Reverse | R33 | A design consisting of:(a) a representation of a megalania in a landscape with sandy soil; and(b) a representation of a plaque with a stylised screw at each end; and(c) the following:(i) ‘MEGALANIA’;(ii) ‘$1’;(iii) ‘PT’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 50 | Reverse | R34 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) a circle surrounding a representation of an australovenator, superimposed on a coloured landscape with tree ferns and a cloudy sky with lightning strikes in the background; and(b) the following:(i) ‘AUSTRALOVENATOR’;(ii) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 51 | Reverse | R35 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) a circle surrounding a representation of a diamantinasaurus, partly hidden by ripples of water, superimposed on a coloured landscape with ferns and tree ferns, bodies of water, schools of fish, a waterfall and a sunlit sky in the background; and(b) the following:(i) ‘DIAMANTINASAURUS’;(ii) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 52 | Reverse | R36 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) a circle surrounding a representation of 5 leaellynasaura, superimposed on a coloured landscape with a body of water, a shoreline partly covered by water, several bones, icebergs and a sky with stars and a moon, reflected in the water, in the background; and(b) the following:(i) ‘LEAELLYNASAURA’;(ii) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 53 | Reverse | R37 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of a circle surrounding a representation of a minmi, superimposed on a coloured landscape with ferns and tree ferns, and the following:(a) ‘MINMI’;(b) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘TV’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 54 | Reverse | R38 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) a circle surrounding a representation of a muttaburrasaurus, superimposed on a coloured landscape with ferns, tree ferns and bare ground and a background of several mountains issuing plumes of smoke into a cloudy, sunlit sky, 2 other muttaburrasaura and 3 creatures flying; and(b) the following:(i) ‘MUTTABURRASAURUS’;(ii) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 55 | Reverse | R39 | A design consisting of:(a) a representation of an australovenator in a landscape with ferns, tree ferns and a background of a sky with lightning strikes; and(b) the following:(i) ‘AUSTRALOVENATOR’;(ii) ‘$1’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 56 | Reverse | R40 | A design consisting of:(a) a representation of a diamantinasaurus, partly hidden by ripples of water, superimposed on a landscape with ferns and tree ferns, bodies of water, schools of fish, a waterfall and sky in the background; and(b) the following:(i) ‘DIAMANTINASAURUS’;(ii) ‘$1’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 57 | Reverse | R41 | A design consisting of:(a) a representation of a leaellynasaura, in a landscape with a body of water, a shoreline partly covered by water and a sky with stars and a moon, reflected in the water, in the background; and(b) the following:(i) ‘LEAELLYNASAURA’;(ii) ‘$1’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 58 | Reverse | R42 | A design consisting of a representation of a minmi in a landscape with ferns, and the following:(a) ‘MINMI’;(b) ‘$1’;(c) ‘TV’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 59 | Reverse | R43 | A design consisting of:(a) a representation of a muttaburrasaurus in a landscape with ferns, tree ferns and bare ground and a background of several mountains issuing plumes of smoke into a cloudy sky and a flying creature; and(b) the following:(i) ‘MUTTABURRASAURUS’;(ii) ‘$1’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 60 | Reverse | R44 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) a representation of native plants and flowers, the moon and the Southern Cross surrounding another circle that in turn encloses an insert of opal consisting of a stylised representation of a pygmy possum, a leafy branch and a native flower; and(b) the following:(i) ‘PYGMY POSSUM’;(ii) ‘2013 1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘AH’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 61 | Reverse | R45 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) a representation of native plants and flowers, the moon and the Southern Cross surrounding another circle that in turn encloses an insert of opal consisting of a stylised representation of a masked owl surrounded by irregular patterns forming a circle; and(b) the following:(i) ‘MASKED OWL’;(ii) ‘2014 1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘AH’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 62 | Reverse | R46 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) a representation of fern leaves, the moon and the Southern Cross surrounding another circle that in turn encloses an insert of opal consisting of a stylised representation of a Tasmanian devil and native plants; and(b) the following:(i) ‘TASMANIAN DEVIL’;(ii) ‘2014 1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘AH’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 63 | Reverse | R47 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a platypus superimposed on a coloured landscape with ferns, trees, rocks, a waterfall and a body of water with a shoreline, and the following:(a) ‘PLATYPUS’;(b) ‘2013’;(c) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(d) ‘IJ’;(e) ‘P’ |\n| 64 | Reverse | R48 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a koala with a young koala clinging to its back, superimposed on a coloured landscape with grasses, shrubs, trees and undulating terrain, and the following:(a) ‘KOALA’;(b) ‘2014’;(c) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(d) ‘IJ’;(e) ‘P’ |\n| 65 | Reverse | R49 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a crocodile superimposed on a coloured landscape with a body of water, a shoreline, trees, shrubs and a twilight sky, and the following:(a) ‘SALTWATER CROCODILE’;(b) ‘2014’;(c) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(d) ‘IJ’;(e) ‘P’ |\n| 66 | Reverse | R50 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) a representation of Banjo Paterson superimposed on a representation of 3 native flowers, in turn superimposed on a circle that surrounds a representation of the silhouettes of 3 running horses on the horizon; and(b) the following:(i) ‘A.B. “BANJO” PATERSON 1864 - 1941’;(ii) ‘A B Paterson’;(iii) ‘1/4oz 9999 GOLD’;(iv) ‘NM’;(v) ‘P’ |\n| 67 | Reverse | R51 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) a representation of Banjo Paterson superimposed on a representation of 3 native flowers, in turn superimposed on a coloured representation of a person holding a whip in one hand and riding a horse down a grassy slope; and(b) the following:(i) ‘A.B. “BANJO” PATERSON 1864 - 1941’;(ii) ‘A B Paterson’;(iii) ‘5oz 999 SILVER’;(iv) ‘NM’;(v) ‘P’ |\n| 68 | Reverse | R52 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) a representation of Banjo Paterson superimposed on a representation of 3 native flowers; and(b) a coloured representation of a person reclining against a swag and a tree with a cup and plate by his side in a landscape with grasses, trees and bushes; and(c) the following:(i) ‘A.B. “BANJO” PATERSON 1864 - 1941’;(ii) ‘A B Paterson’;(iii) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(iv) ‘NM’;(v) ‘P’ |\n| 69 | Reverse | R53 | A design consisting of a representation of Banjo Paterson, superimposed on a representation of 3 native flowers, and the following:(a) ‘A.B. “BANJO” PATERSON 1864 - 1941’;(b) ‘A B Paterson’;(c) ‘NM’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 70 | Reverse | R54 | A design consisting of a stylised symmetrical pattern consisting of straight lines, curved lines, circles, irregular shapes, oval shapes, and the following:(a) ‘100TH ANNIVERSARY’;(b) ‘FIRST BANKNOTE OF AUSTRALIA’;(c) ‘1913 - 2013’;(d) ‘SHILLINGS’;(e) ‘10’;(f) ‘WR’;(g) ‘P’ |\n| 71 | Reverse | R55 | A design consisting of:(a) a coloured representation of a leafy tree decorated with baubles, tinsel and a star; and(b) representations of 10 stars located beside and above the tree; and(c) the following:(i) ‘Merry Christmas’;(ii) ‘1/2 OZ 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘AH’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 72 | Reverse | R56 | A design consisting of:(a) a coloured representation of two lit candles, leafy foliage and branches with berries superimposed on a pattern of lines forming intersecting circular shapes; and(b) representations of 14 stars located within or beside the circular shapes; and:(c) the following:(i) ‘Merry’;(ii) ‘Christmas’;(iii) ‘2013’;(iv) ‘NM’;(v) ‘P’ |\n| 73 | Reverse | R57 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of:(a) a coloured representation of a stylised kookaburra, its beak holding the ends of a cloth sling that contains a human baby; and(b) representations of leaves and flowers; and(c) the following:(i) ‘CONGRATULATIONS ON YOUR BABY’;(ii) ‘1/2 OZ 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘AH’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 74 | Reverse | R58 | A design consisting of a pattern of shapes forming a circle immediately inside the rim of the coin, enclosing a representation of the conventional Australian Coat of Arms, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN’;(b) ‘CITIZENSHIP’;(c) ‘P’ |\n| 75 | Reverse | R59 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a kangaroo, and the following:(a) ‘0.5 GRAM 9999 GOLD’;(b) ‘P’ |\n| 76 | Reverse | R60 | A design, in a proof finish, consisting of a representation of a koala, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOALA’(b) ‘0.5 GRAM 9999 GOLD’;(c) ‘P’ |\n| 77 | Reverse | R61 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of:(a) a circle that surrounds a coloured representation of a kangaroo in a landscape with a fence, grasses, flowers, several branches on the ground, trees, shrubs, undulating terrain in the background; and(b) the following:(i) ‘AUSTRALIAN KANGAROO’;(ii) ‘2014 1 KILO 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 78 | Reverse | R62 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of:(a) a circle that surrounds a coloured representation of a kangaroo in a landscape with a fence, grasses, flowers, several branches on the ground, trees, shrubs, undulating terrain in the background; and(b) the following:(i) ‘AUSTRALIAN KANGAROO’;(ii) ‘2014 Xoz 999 SILVER’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight in ounces of the coin, expressed as a common fraction or whole number in Arabic numerals);(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 79 | Reverse | R63 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of a coloured representation of a leafy tree branch superimposed on a circle that encloses a coloured representation of a koala, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOALA’;(b) ‘2014 1 KILO 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘MG’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 80 | Reverse | R64 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of a coloured representation of a leafy tree branch superimposed on a circle that encloses a coloured representation of a koala, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOALA’;(b) ‘2014 Xoz 999 SILVER’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight in ounces of the coin, expressed as a common fraction or whole number in Arabic numerals);(c) ‘MG’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 81 | Reverse | R65 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of a circle that encloses a coloured representation of a kookaburra perched on a tree branch with leafy foliage in the background, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA’;(b) ‘2014 1 KILO 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘NM’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 82 | Reverse | R66 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of a circle that encloses a coloured representation of a kookaburra perched on a tree branch with leafy foliage in the background, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA’;(b) ‘2014 Xoz 999 SILVER’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight in ounces of the coin, expressed as a common fraction or whole number in Arabic numerals);(c) ‘NM’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 83 | Reverse | R67 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of:(a) a circle that encloses a representation of a kookaburra perched on a stylised tree branch with stylised leafy foliage in the background; and(b) a smaller, shaded circle beside the kookaburra enclosing the inscription ‘F15’; and(c) the following:(i) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA’;(ii) ‘2014 1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘NM’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 84 | Reverse | R68 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of:(a) a circle that encloses a representation of a kookaburra perched on a stylised tree branch with stylised leafy foliage in the background; and(b) a smaller circle beside the kookaburra enclosing a representation of a horse; and(c) the following:(i) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA’;(ii) ‘2014 1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘NM’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 85 | Reverse | R69 | A design, in a bullion finish, consisting of:(a) a pattern of lines forming a circle immediately inside the rim of the coin, surrounding a representation of two horses in a stylised landscape with leafy trees, hilly terrain and a river; and(b) a smaller circle beside one of the horses, enclosing a representation of a lion; and(c) the following:(i) ‘Year of the Horse’;(ii) ‘the Pinyin pictograph pronounced ‘mǎ’ and meaning ‘horse’’;(iii) ‘TV’;(iv) ‘P’ |","sortOrder":5}],"analysis":{"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"Unauthenticated. Configure AI_GATEWAY_API_KEY or use a provider module. Learn more: https://ai-sdk.dev/unauthenticated-ai-gateway","source":"analysis-cron"},"kimi_summary":{"_metrics":{"completionTokens":459},"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This determination appears to serve its original purpose: specifying technical standards for Perth Mint coins. The scope includes a wide variety of commemorative and bullion coins, but this is consistent with the Perth Mint's established role in producing both circulating and collectible coinage. No significant scope creep detected."},"complexity_factors":["113 separate coin specifications with unique combinations of denomination, metal, weight and design","Extensive cross-referencing between Part 1 (specifications table) and Part 2 (symbol definitions)","Multiple metal compositions: gold (99.99%), silver (99.9%), platinum (99.95%), and aluminium-bronze","Precise tolerances specified (e.g., weight variations of ±0.022g to ±5g)","Design codes (O1-O12, R1-R69, S1-S2, E1-E2) requiring lookup in separate table","Variable design elements including proof finish, bullion finish, coloured surfaces, gemstone insets, and opal inserts","Nested conditional descriptions (e.g., 'where X is the nominal weight...')","Multiple obverse designs spanning different years (2013, 2014, 2015)"],"plain_english_summary":"This is a technical specification for coins produced by the Perth Mint. It sets out the exact physical characteristics — weight, size, metal composition, and design — for 113 different commemorative and bullion coins. These include gold coins (from tiny $2 pieces up to a massive $30,000 coin), silver coins, platinum coins, and even some aluminium-bronze $1 coins. The document uses a code system: each coin's design is described by symbols (like O1 for one type of Queen's portrait, or R17 for a kookaburra design) that are explained in a separate table. The coins feature Australian themes — native animals like kangaroos, koalas and kookaburras; dinosaurs; the Sydney Opera House; and Chinese zodiac designs like the Year of the Horse. This is essentially a manufacturing blueprint that ensures every coin meets precise legal standards so it can be recognised as official Australian currency."},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":8,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This Determination stays within the original statutory purpose under subsection 13A(1) of the Currency Act 1965: it prescribes the standard weight, allowable variations, dimensions and designs for Perth Mint coins. It does not widen the legal scope of the Act or add new policy functions; it is a technical update/compilation of coin specifications rather than an expansion beyond the Act’s delegated power."},"complexity_factors":["Large Part 1 table with around 113 distinct item rows (numerous coin denominations and variants)","Extensive Part 2 symbol list (roughly 80+ symbol entries) decoding obverse/reverse/shape/edge codes","Cross-referencing between Part 1 and Part 2 by short codes (O1–O12, R1–R69 etc.), requiring readers to move between Parts to interpret each row","Many numeric tolerances and unit conventions (weights in grams with ± tolerances, diameters/thickness in mm)","Conditional textual elements in design descriptions (eg. 'Xoz 9999 GOLD' where X is substituted by nominal ounce weight)","Mixture of bullion, proof and bullion‑finish design descriptions—some entries include finish/type codes (NM, MG, TV, AH, IJ, PT etc.), increasing decoding complexity","Multiple metal compositions (gold, silver, platinum, aluminium/bronze) and mixed-material coins requiring different assay/production regimes","Repetition and near‑duplicates across many items (many coin variants differ only slightly in weight, design code or finish), which raises cognitive load when checking conformity"],"plain_english_summary":"**What this instrument does (simple):**\n\n- This Determination sets the technical specifications for Perth Mint coins made under the Currency Act 1965. In plain terms it lists, for a long set of coin types:\n - the metal or composition required (for example \"at least 99.99% gold\"),\n - a standard weight and allowable variation (grams),\n - maximum diameter and maximum thickness (millimetres),\n - the coin shape and edge code,\n - short codes that identify the obverse (heads) and reverse (tails) designs.\n\n- Those technical design codes are explained in Part 2. Part 2 translates each short code (for example O2, R7, S1, E1) into a verbal description of the legend, imagery, finish and inscriptions that must appear on the coin.\n\n**Who this affects:**\n\n- Perth Mint (the issuer/manufacturer): it must produce coins to the exact composition, weight tolerances, dimensions and design elements specified (see s 4(2) and Schedule 1).\n- Coin designers and engravers contracted by the Mint: they must deliver work that matches the coded obverse and reverse descriptions in Part 2.\n- Precious metal suppliers, assayers and quality-control functions at the Mint: tolerance and composition rules create test and measurement obligations.\n- Dealers, retailers, and collectors of bullion and commemorative coins: the Determination fixes the legal standards used to advertise and verify claims about metal content, weight and legal‑tender denomination.\n- Market participants who rely on legal-tender or denominational statements (customs, tax, secondary-market valuers): they use the specification as the authoritative technical reference.\n\n**Why it matters (mechanically):**\n\n- Legal/technical certainty: by naming composition, weight, size and the exact inscriptions and finishes for each listed denomination, the Determination creates a single authoritative technical specification that the Perth Mint and third parties must follow (s 4(2), Part 1 and Part 2).\n- Consumer information and product verification: the table and symbol key let buyers, assayers and regulators check a coin against the declared standard (weight tolerance, fineness statement, legends, and imagery).\n- Product differentiation: the specification locks in which commemorative or bullion designs carry which denomination and material claims — this directly affects product positioning in the bullion and collector markets (see Schedule 1 entries and corresponding design codes in Part 2).\n\n**How it works (mechanics & legal basis):**\n\n- Legal basis: s 4 says the section is made for subsection 13A(1) of the Currency Act 1965. That Act power authorises the making of determinations that specify standard weight, design and dimensions for coins.\n- Commencement: the Determination starts the day after registration (cl 2).\n- Content: Schedule 1 (Part 1) is the operational table of coin items — each row is a coin item showing denomination, composition, standard weight ± allowable variation, diameter/thickness, shape/edge codes and the obverse/reverse design codes (s 4(2)). Part 2 unpacks every code used in Part 1 into a written design specification.\n- Narrow effect: this instrument is a technical standards instrument. It does not itself create new criminal offences or new taxes. It replaces or supplements previous determinations made under the same Act only to the extent shown (s 4(4)).\n\n**Stated purpose (inferred from the text):**\n\n- The instrument’s stated role is purely to prescribe the physical and design standards for Perth Mint coins produced under the Currency Act (s 4(1)–(3)). The listing of precise metal fineness, tolerances and legends indicates the immediate objective is to create enforceable, testable manufacturing and labelling standards.\n\n**Practical consequences, trade-offs and costs (testing the purpose against implementation realities):**\n\n- Who pays: production and compliance costs fall on the Perth Mint (or whichever body mints the coins) — quality control, assay tests and tooling for particular dies and finishes are private production costs (Schedule 1 entries impose tolerances and design requirements). Buyers pay market prices that reflect metal content plus manufacturing and collector premiums.\n- Who decides: the Determination itself is the Commonwealth instrument made under s 13A(1) of the Currency Act; operational decisions (dies, run sizes, how to meet tolerances) are for the Mint and its contractors to implement. The Determination constrains those operational choices by specifying required features (s 4(2)).\n- Behavioural effects: the Mint must align manufacturing (metallurgy, weighing, stamping, finishing) and quality-assurance procedures to the tolerances and inscriptions listed. Dealers and assayers will rely on the Determination to verify authenticity and metal content. Designers cannot alter legends or imagery that are mandated by the codes without a new Determination.\n- Compliance burden: the instrument imposes a verifiable technical standard; the burden is concentrated on the Mint (and upstream suppliers) rather than on downstream consumers. The specification of narrow tolerances (for example ±0.050 g for some gold coins) increases testing and scrap/rework risk.\n- Market effects and substitution: specifying legal denominations and precious-metal fineness enables direct comparison between coins (e.g., a 1 oz 9999 gold coin vs a 1 kg 999 silver coin). That can shift buyer preference among coins, but the Determination itself simply describes product attributes rather than setting prices.\n- Concentrated benefits vs diffuse costs: benefits (clear product claims, protected designs, legal‑tender denomination) accrue to the Mint and to buyers who want certifiable bullion/commemorative pieces. Compliance and tooling costs fall on the Mint; those costs are likely reflected in product prices and therefore borne by purchasers in the market.\n- Implementation risk: technical errors (wrong legend, incorrect fineness mark, or weight outside tolerance) could require product recalls or reworking; the Determination creates a single authoritative standard against which non‑conformity is measured (s 4(2)).\n\n**What it does not do:**\n\n- It does not set coin face values outside those already in the Currency Act schedule — it instead specifies technical features for coins whose denominations are set by the Act (see s 4(2)).\n- It does not itself run the Mint, set production volumes, nor directly alter taxation or customs rules; it provides the technical baseline used by those systems.\n\n(References: Currency (Perth Mint) Determination 2013 (No. 1), cll 1–4; Schedule 1 Part 1 and Part 2.)"}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2013-no-1","history":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2013-no-1/history","analysis":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2013-no-1/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2013-no-1/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2013-no-1/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2013-no-1/documents"}}