{"id":"F2012L00870","name":"Currency (Perth Mint) Determination 2012 (No. 1)","slug":"currency-perth-mint-determination-2012-no-1","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":89201,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2012L00870-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-02","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Name of determination","content":"1 Name of determination\n\nThis determination is the Currency (Perth Mint) Determination 2012 (No. 1).\n\n","sortOrder":0},{"sectionNumber":"2","sectionType":"section","heading":"Commencement","content":"2 Commencement\n\nThis determination commences on the day after it is registered.\n\n","sortOrder":1},{"sectionNumber":"3","sectionType":"section","heading":"Definition","content":"3 Definition\n\nIn this determination:\n\n> Act means the Currency Act 1965.\n\n","sortOrder":2},{"sectionNumber":"4","sectionType":"section","heading":"Standard weight, design and dimension of coins","content":"4 Standard weight, design and dimension of coins\n\n(1) This section is made for subsection 13A (1) of the Act.\n\n(2) On and after the day when this determination commences, each item in Part 1 of Schedule 1 specifies the standard weight, the allowable variation from that standard weight, the design and the dimensions of a coin whose denomination is specified, or taken to be specified, in the Schedule to the Act.\n\n(3) Each item in the table in Part 2 of Schedule 1 explains a symbol used to describe the design of coins in Part 1 of Schedule 1.\n\n(4) This determination does not affect any other determination made under subsection 13A (1) of the Act.\n\n","sortOrder":3},{"sectionNumber":"Sch 1","sectionType":"schedule","heading":"Standard weight, design and dimension of coins","content":"Schedule 1 Standard weight, design and dimension of coins\n\n(section 4)\n\n","sortOrder":4},{"sectionNumber":"Part 1","sectionType":"part","heading":"Specifications","content":"Part 1 Specifications\n\n```html\n

Item

Denomination

Standard composition

Standard weight and allowable variation (g)

Dimensions

Design

Maximum diameter or other dimension (mm)

Maximum thickness (mm)

Shape

Edge

Obverse

Reverse

1

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

32.60

6.00

S1

E1

O1

R1

2

$30

At least 99.9% silver

1002.502 ± 1.500

100.60

14.60

S1

E1

O1

R2

3

$10

At least 99.9% silver

312.347 ± 1.000

75.60

8.70

S1

E1

O1

R3

4

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O1

R3

5

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 ± 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O1

R3

6

$30

At least 99.9% silver

1002.502 ± 1.500

100.60

14.60

S1

E1

O1

R4

7

$10

At least 99.9% silver

312.347 ± 1.000

75.60

8.70

S1

E1

O1

R5

8

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O1

R5

9

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 ± 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O1

R5

10

$30

At least 99.9% silver

1002.502 ± 1.500

100.60

14.60

S1

E1

O1

R6

11

$10

At least 99.9% silver

312.347 ± 1.000

75.60

8.70

S1

E1

O1

R7

12

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O1

R7

13

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 ± 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O1

R7

14

$30

At least 99.9% silver

1002.502 ± 1.500

100.60

14.60

S1

E1

O1

R8

15

$10

At least 99.9% silver

312.347 ± 1.000

75.60

8.70

S1

E1

O1

R9

16

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O1

R9

17

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 ± 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O1

R9

18

$30

At least 99.9% silver

1002.502 ± 1.500

100.60

14.60

S1

E1

O1

R10

19

$10

At least 99.9% silver

312.347 ± 1.000

75.60

8.70

S1

E1

O1

R11

20

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O1

R11

21

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 ± 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O1

R11

22

$30

At least 99.9% silver

1002.502 ± 1.500

100.60

14.60

S1

E1

O1

R12

23

$10

At least 99.9% silver

312.347 ± 1.000

75.60

8.70

S1

E1

O1

R13

24

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O1

R13

25

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 ± 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O1

R13

26

$3000

At least 99.99% gold

1000.350 ± 0.250

75.60

13.90

S1

E1

O2

R14

27

$30

At least 99.9% silver

1002.502 ± 1.500

100.60

14.60

S1

E1

O3

R14

28

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O7

R15

29

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.50

S1

E1

O5

R16

30

$100

At least 99.95% platinum

31.185 ± 0.065

32.60

2.70

S1

E1

O1

R17

31

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O1

R18

32

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

36.60

4.50

S1

E1

O4

R19

33

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

33.20 x 33.20

4.00

S2

E1

O6

R20

34

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

33.20 x 33.20

4.00

S2

E1

O6

R21

35

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

33.20 x 33.20

4.00

S2

E1

O6

R22

36

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

33.20 x 33.20

4.00

S2

E1

O6

R23

37

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 ± 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O1

R24

\n```\n\n","sortOrder":5},{"sectionNumber":"Part 2","sectionType":"part","heading":"Symbols explained","content":"Part 2 Symbols explained\n\n| Item | Design feature | Symbol | Explanation |\n| ---- | -------------- | ------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |\n| 1 | Shape | S1 | Circular |\n| 2 | Shape | S2 | Square with rounded corners |\n| 3 | Edge | E1 | Continuously milled |\n| 4 | Obverse | O1 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(c) Arabic numerals for the amount, in dollars or cents, of the denomination of the coin, followed by ‘DOLLAR’, ‘DOLLARS’ or ‘CENTS’, as the case requires;(d) ‘IRB’ |\n| 5 | Obverse | O2 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(c) ‘3000 DOLLARS’;(d) ‘2012’;(e) ‘1KG 9999 GOLD’;(f) ‘IRB’ |\n| 6 | Obverse | O3 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(c) ‘30 DOLLARS’;(d) ‘2012’;(e) ‘1KG 999 SILVER’;(f) ‘IRB’ |\n| 7 | Obverse | O4 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II, surrounded by a pattern of lines and semicircles, and the following:(a) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(c) ‘1 DOLLAR’;(d) ‘IRB’ |\n| 8 | Obverse | O5 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(c) ‘1 DOLLAR’;(d) ‘2012’;(e) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(f) ‘IRB’;accompanied by a transparent circular capsule holding assorted loose gemstones |\n| 9 | Obverse | O6 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA 2013’;(c) ‘1 DOLLAR’;(d) ‘IRB’ |\n| 10 | Obverse | O7 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(b) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(c) ‘1 DOLLAR’;(d) ‘2012’;(e) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(f) ‘IRB’ |\n| 11 | Reverse | R1 | A design, in a high relief proof finish, consisting of a representation of a koala lying on a tree branch, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOALA’;(b) ‘2012 1oz 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘AH’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 12 | Reverse | R2 | A design, in a coloured bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a koala lying on a tree branch, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOALA’;(b) ‘2012 1 KILO 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘AH’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 13 | Reverse | R3 | A design, in a coloured bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a koala lying on a tree branch, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOALA’;(b) ‘2012 Xoz 999 SILVER’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight in ounces of the coin, expressed as a common fraction or whole number in Arabic numerals);(c) ‘AH’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 14 | Reverse | R4 | A design, in a coloured bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a kookaburra sitting on a leafy tree branch, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA’;(b) ‘2012 1 KILO 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘DB’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 15 | Reverse | R5 | A design, in a coloured bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a kookaburra sitting on a leafy tree branch, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA’;(b) ‘2012 Xoz 999 SILVER’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight in ounces of the coin, expressed as a common fraction or whole number in Arabic numerals);(c) ‘DB’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 16 | Reverse | R6 | A design, in a coloured bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a kangaroo against a landscape with a windmill and tank, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KANGAROO’;(b) ‘2012 1 KILO 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘WR’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 17 | Reverse | R7 | A design, in a coloured bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a kangaroo against a landscape with a windmill and tank, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KANGAROO’;(b) ‘2012 Xoz 999 SILVER’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight in ounces of the coin, expressed as a common fraction or whole number in Arabic numerals);(c) ‘WR’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 18 | Reverse | R8 | A design, in a coloured bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a koala sitting in the fork of a leafy tree, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOALA’;(b) ‘2013 1 KILO 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘TV’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 19 | Reverse | R9 | A design, in a coloured bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a koala sitting in the fork of a leafy tree, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOALA’;(b) ‘2013 Xoz 999 SILVER’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight in ounces of the coin, expressed as a common fraction or whole number in Arabic numerals);(c) ‘TV’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 20 | Reverse | R10 | A design, in a coloured bullion finish, consisting of a representation of two kookaburras perched on a tree branch, superimposed on flowers, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA’;(b) ‘2013 1 KILO 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘NM’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 21 | Reverse | R11 | A design, in a coloured bullion finish, consisting of a representation of two kookaburras perched on a tree branch, superimposed on flowers, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA’;(b) ‘2013 Xoz 999 SILVER’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight in ounces of the coin, expressed as a common fraction or whole number in Arabic numerals);(c) ‘NM’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 22 | Reverse | R12 | A design, in a coloured bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a kangaroo against a landscape with leafy branches, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KANGAROO’;(b) ‘2013 1 KILO 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘TV’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 23 | Reverse | R13 | A design, in a coloured bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a kangaroo against a landscape with leafy branches, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KANGAROO’;(b) ‘2013 Xoz 999 SILVER’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight in ounces of the coin, expressed as a common fraction or whole number in Arabic numerals);(c) ‘TV’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 24 | Reverse | R14 | A design, in proof finish, consisting of a pattern of diamonds immediately inside the rim of the coin, surrounding a representation of the royal crown, and the following:(a) ‘DIAMOND JUBILEE’;(b) ‘1952 - 2012’ |\n| 25 | Reverse | R15 | A design, in bullion finish, consisting of a kangaroo and a giant panda beneath a coloured representation of the Australian National Flag and the Flag of the People’s Republic of China, and the following:(a) ‘CHINA AND AUSTRALIA’;(b) ‘40 YEARS’;(c) the Pinyin pictographs pronounced ‘zhōng ào jiàn jiāo 40 zhōu nián’ and meaning ‘Establishment of the Diplomatic Relations Between China and Australia’;(d) ‘1972 - 2012’;(e) ‘P’ |\n| 26 | Reverse | R16 | A design, in proof finish, consisting of:(a) a representation of snowflakes and circles shaded with different patterns; and(b) the following:(i) ‘AH’;(ii) ‘P’;accompanied by a transparent circular capsule holding assorted loose gemstones |\n| 27 | Reverse | R17 | A design, in bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a platypus superimposed on underwater grasses and bubbles, a circle enclosing a representation of Australia, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN PLATYPUS’;(b) ‘2012 1oz 9995 PLATINUM’;(c) ‘NM’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 28 | Reverse | R18 | A design, in bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a kookaburra sitting on a leafy tree branch, a circle enclosing a representation of a dragon, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA’;(b) ‘2012 1oz 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘DB’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 29 | Reverse | R19 | A design, in proof finish, consisting of:(a) a representation of native plants and flowers, the moon, and the Southern Cross; and(b) an insert of opal consisting of a representation of a kangaroo and native plants and flowers; and(c) the following:(i) ‘KANGAROO’;(ii) ‘2013 1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘AH’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 30 | Reverse | R20 | A design, in a coloured proof finish, consisting of a representation of a kangaroo superimposed on a beach landscape with the sun on the horizon, and the following:(a) ‘SUMMER’;(b) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘IJ’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 31 | Reverse | R21 | A design, in a coloured proof finish, consisting of a representation of a possum sitting on gumnuts and leaves, superimposed on a landscape, and the following:(a) ‘AUTUMN’;(b) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘IJ’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 32 | Reverse | R22 | A design, in a coloured proof finish, consisting of a representation of a frog sitting on a leafy branch, superimposed on a landscape with rain drops, and the following:(a) ‘WINTER’;(b) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘IJ’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 33 | Reverse | R23 | A design, in a coloured proof finish, consisting of a representation of two birds sitting on leaves and flowers, superimposed on a landscape, and the following:(a) ‘SPRING’;(b) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘IJ’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 34 | Reverse | R24 | A design, in bullion finish, consisting of a representation of a kookaburra sitting on a leafy tree branch, a circle enclosing a representation of an eagle, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA’;(b) ‘2012 1oz 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘DB’;(d) ‘P’ |\n\n> Note\n\n> Note: 1. All legislative instruments and compilations are registered on the Federal Register of Legislative Instruments kept under the Legislative Instruments Act 2003. See [www.comlaw.gov.au](http://www.comlaw.gov.au/).","sortOrder":6}],"analysis":{"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The instrument does not broaden the legal scope of the Currency Act. It formally specifies the technical manufacturing and design standards for coins whose denominations are (or are taken to be) in the Act's Schedule (section 4(2)). It also expressly states it 'does not affect any other determination' (section 4(4)), so it changes production specifications but not which denominations or legal-tender status fall under the Act."},"complexity_factors":["Volume and granularity of technical data: 37 listed items in Schedule 1 Part 1, each with metal composition, weight ± tolerance and specific dimensions (see section 4(2) and Schedule 1 Part 1).","Cross-referencing design codes: Part 1 uses short symbols (e.g. S1, E1, O1, R1) which require mapping to full textual design rules in Schedule 1 Part 2 (see section 4(3) and Schedule 1 Part 2).","Variable and conditional descriptions: Some reverse designs use placeholders (e.g. 'Xoz' for nominal ounce weight) and include different finishes or inserts (coloured, proof, gemstone capsules, opal inserts) that increase manufacturing and verification complexity (see multiple R‑items and O5, R16, R19).","Statutory source and limited discretion: Made under subsection 13A(1) of the Currency Act 1965 (instrument preamble and section 4(1)), so the instrument is an administrative specification rather than primary legislation — technical but constrained by the Act.","Operational timing and legal effect: Immediate commencement rule (section 2) — producers must apply specs from the day after registration.","Inter-instrument interaction: Express clause that the determination 'does not affect any other determination' (section 4(4)) reduces scope for conflict but requires checking other determinations when complying."],"plain_english_summary":"**What it does:** Prescribes precise technical standards — metal purity, standard weight and allowable tolerances, diameter/thickness, shape, edge, and approved obverse and reverse designs — for a set of Perth Mint coins. It binds the Perth Mint and any manufacturer or verifier to those production and marking requirements and takes effect the day after registration."},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"Unauthenticated. Configure AI_GATEWAY_API_KEY or use a provider module. Learn more: https://ai-sdk.dev/unauthenticated-ai-gateway","source":"analysis-cron"},"kimi_summary":{"_metrics":{"provider":"moonshot","completionTokens":2123},"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":2,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The legislation maintains its original technical purpose of establishing physical specifications for Perth Mint coins. No expansion of scope detected; it is a standard exercise of the power under section 13A of the Currency Act 1965 to determine weight, design and dimensions for specific coin issues."},"complexity_factors":["Only 1 defined term ('Act') in the interpretation section","No conditional logic, exceptions, or nested provisions","Simple self-referencing structure: Part 1 contains the coin specifications using symbol codes, Part 2 defines what those codes mean","Straightforward tabular format despite technical content (precise metallurgical specifications)","Minimal external cross-references (only to Currency Act 1965)","Determination operates immediately upon commencement with no transitional provisions"],"plain_english_summary":"This determination is essentially a technical blueprint that sets the exact specifications for 37 special Australian coins produced by the Perth Mint in 2012 and 2013.\n\n**What it covers:**\n* **Coins:** Ranging from 50-cent pieces up to a $3,000 gold coin, including $1, $10, $30, $100 and $3000 denominations\n* **Materials:** Mostly silver (at least 99.9% pure), plus one gold coin (99.99% pure) and one platinum coin (99.95% pure)\n* **Physical specs:** Exact weights (down to three decimal places), allowable weight variations, diameters, and thicknesses\n* **Designs:** Uses a code system where **S1** means circular, **S2** means square with rounded corners, **E1** means a milled edge, **O1-O7** refer to different obverse (heads) designs featuring Queen Elizabeth II, and **R1-R24** refer to reverse (tails) designs featuring Australian wildlife (koalas, kangaroos, kookaburras, platypus) and commemorative themes (Diamond Jubilee, Australia-China diplomatic relations, seasons of the year)\n\n**Who it affects:**\n* **The Perth Mint:** Must manufacture coins to these exact specifications for them to be legal tender\n* **Collectors and investors:** Guarantees that a \"1kg silver kangaroo\" coin actually contains 1 kilogram of silver and meets purity standards\n* **Businesses:** While these are technically legal tender (you could spend the $30 coin at a shop), they're worth far more as bullion or collectibles, so this mainly matters for authentication\n\n**Why it matters:** Without this determination, the Perth Mint couldn't legally issue these coins as Australian currency. It provides the legal definition of what makes these specific coins genuine, protecting buyers from counterfeits and ensuring standardisation."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2012-no-1","history":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2012-no-1/history","analysis":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2012-no-1/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2012-no-1/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2012-no-1/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2012-no-1/documents"}}