{"id":"F2011L00160","name":"Currency (Perth Mint) Determination 2010 (No. 3)","slug":"currency-perth-mint-determination-2010-no-3","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":86252,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2011L00160-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-02","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Name of Determination","content":"1 Name of Determination\n\nThis Determination is the Currency (Perth Mint) Determination 2010 (No. 3).\n\n","sortOrder":0},{"sectionNumber":"2","sectionType":"section","heading":"Commencement","content":"2 Commencement\n\nThis Determination commences on the day after it is registered.\n\n","sortOrder":1},{"sectionNumber":"3","sectionType":"section","heading":"Definition","content":"3 Definition\n\nIn this Determination:\n\n> Act means the Currency Act 1965.\n\n","sortOrder":2},{"sectionNumber":"4","sectionType":"section","heading":"Specification of denomination and standard composition","content":"4 Specification of denomination and standard composition\n\n(1) For paragraph 13 (2) (a) of the Act, the Act has effect, on and after the day on which this Determination commences, as if the reference in the Schedule to the Act, opposite to the denomination of a coin specified in the following table, to the standard composition of coins of that denomination included a reference to the standard composition specified in the table.\n\n| Denomination | Standard composition |\n| ------------ | --------------------- |\n| 50c | At least 99.9% silver |\n| $8 | At least 99.9% silver |\n| $20 | At least 99.9% silver |\n\n(2) The standard compositions mentioned in subsection (1) for a denomination are taken to be specified in the Schedule to the Act in addition to any other standard composition or compositions that are, or are taken to be, specified in the Schedule for that denomination.\n\n","sortOrder":3},{"sectionNumber":"5","sectionType":"section","heading":"Standard weight, allowable variation, dimensions and design","content":"5 Standard weight, allowable variation, dimensions and design\n\n(1) For subsection 13A (1) of the Act, on and after the day on which this Determination commences, each item in Schedule 1 specifies, for a coin having the denomination and standard composition mentioned in the item (being a coin whose denomination is specified, or taken to be specified, in the Schedule to the Act):\n\n(a) the coin’s standard weight; and\n\n(b) the allowable variation from that standard weight; and\n\n(c) the coin’s dimensions; and\n\n(d) the coin’s design.\n\n(2) Subsection (1) does not affect any other determination of the standard weight and allowable variation, dimensions or design of a coin, made under subsection 13A (1) of the Act.\n\n","sortOrder":4},{"sectionNumber":"6","sectionType":"section","heading":"Design – explanation of symbols","content":"6 Design – explanation of symbols\n\nEach item in the table in Part 2 of Schedule 1 explains a symbol used to describe the design of coins in Part 1 of Schedule 1.\n\n","sortOrder":5},{"sectionNumber":"Sch 1","sectionType":"schedule","heading":null,"content":"Schedule 1\n\n(section 5)\n\n","sortOrder":6},{"sectionNumber":"Part 1","sectionType":"part","heading":"Specifications of coins","content":"Part 1 Specifications of coins\n\n```html\n

Item

Denomination

Standard composition

Standard weight and allowable variation (g)

Dimensions

Design

Maximum diameter (mm)

Maximum thickness (mm)

Shape

Edge

Obverse

Reverse

1

$8

At least 99.9% silver

156.673 1.000

60.60

7.90

S1

E1

O1

R1

2

$20

At least 99.9% silver

664.200 1.500

85.60

13.00

S1

E1

O2

R2

3

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O3

R3

4

$100

At least 99.95% platinum

31.185 0.065

32.60

2.70

S1

E1

O4

R4

5

$1

Aluminium and bronze

14.300 0.500

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O5

R5

6

$1

Aluminium and bronze

14.300 0.500

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O5

R6

7

$1

Aluminium and bronze

14.300 0.500

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O5

R7

8

$1

Aluminium and bronze

14.300 0.500

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O5

R8

9

$1

Aluminium and bronze

14.300 0.500

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O5

R9

10

$1

Aluminium and bronze

14.300 0.500

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O5

R10

11

$1

Aluminium and bronze

14.300 0.500

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O5

R11

12

$1

Aluminium and bronze

14.300 0.500

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O5

R12

13

$1

Aluminium and bronze

14.300 0.500

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O5

R13

14

$1

Aluminium and bronze

14.300 0.500

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O6

R14

15

$1

Aluminium and bronze

14.300 0.500

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O6

R15

16

$1

Aluminium and bronze

14.300 0.500

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O6

R16

17

$1

Aluminium and bronze

14.300 0.500

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O6

R17

18

$1

Aluminium and bronze

14.300 0.500

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O6

R18

19

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O5

R19

20

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O5

R20

21

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O7

R21

22

50c

At least 99.9% silver

16.091 0.500

36.60

2.30

S1

E1

O7

R22

23

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O3

R23

24

$2

At least 99.99% gold

0.523 0.023

11.60

0.70

S1

E1

O8

R24

25

$1

Aluminium and bronze

20.500 0.500

39.34

3.50

S1

E1

O5

R25

26

$1

Aluminium and bronze

20.500 0.500

39.34

3.50

S1

E1

O5

R26

27

$1

Aluminium and bronze

20.500 0.500

39.34

3.50

S1

E1

O5

R27

28

$1

Aluminium and bronze

20.500 0.500

39.34

3.50

S1

E1

O5

R28

29

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O5

R29

30

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O5

R30

31

$1

Aluminium and bronze

14.300 0.500

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O5

R31

32

$1

At least 99.9% silver

31.635 0.500

40.60

4.00

S1

E1

O5

R32

33

$1

Aluminium and bronze

14.300 0.500

30.60

3.10

S1

E1

O5

R33

\n```\n\n","sortOrder":7},{"sectionNumber":"Part 2","sectionType":"part","heading":"Explanation of symbols","content":"Part 2 Explanation of symbols\n\n| Item | Design Feature | Symbol | Explanation |\n| ---- | -------------- | ------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n| 1 | Shape | S1 | Circular |\n| 2 | Edge | E1 | Continuously milled |\n| 3 | Obverse | O1 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘IRB’;(b) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(c) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(d) ‘8 DOLLARS’ |\n| 4 | Obverse | O2 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘IRB’;(b) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(c) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(d) ‘20 DOLLARS’ |\n| 5 | Obverse | O3 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘IRB’;(b) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(c) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(d) ‘1 DOLLAR’ |\n| 6 | Obverse | O4 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘IRB’;(b) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(c) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(d) ‘100 DOLLARS’ |\n| 7 | Obverse | O5 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘IRB’;(b) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(c) ‘AUSTRALIA 2011’;(d) ‘1 DOLLAR’ |\n| 8 | Obverse | O6 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘IRB’;(b) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(c) ‘AUSTRALIA 2011’ |\n| 9 | Obverse | O7 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘IRB’;(b) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(c) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(d) ‘1/2OZ 999 SILVER’;(e) ‘2011’(f) ‘50 CENTS’ |\n| 10 | Obverse | O8 | A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) ‘IRB’;(b) ‘ELIZABETH II’;(c) ‘AUSTRALIA 2011’;(d) ‘2 DOLLARS’ |\n| 11 | Reverse | R1 | A design consisting of a representation of an adult koala and a young koala resting in the fork of a tree, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOALA’;(b) ‘2011 5oz 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘EM’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 12 | Reverse | R2 | A design consisting of a representation of an adult koala and a young koala resting in the fork of a tree, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOALA’;(b) ‘2011 20oz 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘EM’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 13 | Reverse | R3 | A design consisting of:(a) a representation of an adult koala and a young koala resting in the fork of a tree; and(b) a shield with a representation of a bear standing upright; and(c) the following words:(i) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOALA’;(ii) ‘2011 1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘EM’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 14 | Reverse | R4 | A design consisting of a representation of a platypus superimposed over representations of underwater grasses and bubbles, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN PLATYPUS’;(b) ‘2011 1oz 9995 PLATINUM’;(c) ‘NM’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 15 | Reverse | R5 | A design consisting of a representation of a bird with its wings and claws outstretched, neck bent forward and flames behind it, and the following:(a) ‘PHOENIX’;(b) ‘WR’;(c) ‘P’ |\n| 16 | Reverse | R6 | A design consisting of a representation of a tree with 2 trunks for legs, roots in the shape of feet, 2 branches for arms with hands and dense foliage above a face, and the following:(a) ‘TREE ENT’;(b) ‘WR’;(c) ‘P’ |\n| 17 | Reverse | R7 | A design consisting of a representation of a creature with the body of a lion and the face and wings of an eagle, perched on a stack of bricks, and the following:(a) ‘GRIFFIN’;(b) ‘WR’;(c) ‘P’ |\n| 18 | Reverse | R8 | A design consisting of:(a) a representation of a goblin, with a large nose, large pointy ears and a moustache curled at the ends, wearing:(i) a pointy hat with baubles above the front rim and on the pointy end; and(ii) a robe with a belt around the waist; and(iii) gloves; and(iv) shoes that are curled at the end; and(b) the following words:(i) ‘GOBLIN’;(ii) ‘TV’;(iii) ‘P’ |\n| 19 | Reverse | R9 | A design consisting of a representation of a mermaid with long hair and wearing shells on her bust, and the following:(a) ‘MERMAID’;(b) ‘NM’;(c) ‘P’ |\n| 20 | Reverse | R10 | A design consisting of a representation of an ogre wearing a cloth draped over one shoulder and wrapped around his waist, and holding a club in his left hand, and the following:(a) ‘OGRE’;(b) ‘DB’;(c) ‘P’ |\n| 21 | Reverse | R11 | A design consisting of a representation of a fairy with wings on her back, wearing a dress with the hem threaded and wisps of the hem floating around her, and the following:(a) ‘FAIRY’;(b) ‘TV’;(c) ‘P’ |\n| 22 | Reverse | R12 | A design consisting of a representation of a dragon with its mouth open and flames at either side of its mouth, and the following:(a) ‘DRAGON’;(b) ‘DB’;(c) ‘P |\n| 23 | Reverse | R13 | A design consisting of a representation of a unicorn with a flowing mane and shaggy hooves, and the following:(a) ‘UNICORN’;(b) ‘TV’;(c) ‘P’ |\n| 24 | Reverse | R14 | A design consisting of a representation of a seal superimposed over colour‑washed rocks and splashing water, with a colour‑washed body of water and shoreline in the background, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(b) ‘$1’;(c) ‘MACQUARIE ISLAND’;(d) ‘RV’;(e) ‘P’ |\n| 25 | Reverse | R15 | A design consisting of representations of a wallaby and colour‑washed shrubs, with colour‑washed rock formations in the background, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(b) ‘$1’;(c) ‘PURNULULU NATIONAL PARK’;(d) ‘RV’;(e) ‘P’ |\n| 26 | Reverse | R16 | A design consisting of a representation of a cassowary superimposed over colour‑washed leafy plants, with a colour‑washed waterfall and body of water in the background, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(b) ‘$1’;(c) ‘WET TROPICS OF QUEENSLAND’;(d) ‘RV’;(e) ‘P’ |\n| 27 | Reverse | R17 | A design consisting of a representation of a marsupial lion with a colour‑washed outback landscape in the background, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(b) ‘$1’;(c) ‘AUSTRALIAN FOSSIL MAMMAL SITES’;(d) ‘RV’;(e) ‘P’ |\n| 28 | Reverse | R18 | A design consisting of a representation of a lyrebird with a colour‑washed forest landscape in the background, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(b) ‘$1’;(c) ‘GONDWANA RAINFORESTS’;(d) ‘RV’;(e) ‘P’ |\n| 29 | Reverse | R19 | A design consisting of:(a) a representation of a man wearing an army uniform and a back pack, and holding a rifle; and(b) a colour‑washed representation of the 1914–15 Star campaign ribbon; and(c) a colour‑washed representation of a shoreline with tents and a jetty; and(d) the following words:(i) ‘GALLIPOLI’;(ii) ‘1915’;(iii) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(iv) ‘WR’;(v) ‘P’ |\n| 30 | Reverse | R20 | A design consisting of:(a) a representation of a man wearing an army uniform with his hands behind his back; and(b) a colour‑washed representation of the Africa Star campaign ribbon; and(c) a colour‑washed representation of 2 men carrying a stretcher with a person resting on it into a shelter; and(d) the following inscriptions:(i) ‘TOBRUK’;(ii) ‘1941’;(iii) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’; |\n| | | | (iv) ‘WR’;(v) ‘P’ |\n| 31 | Reverse | R21 | A design consisting of a colour‑washed representation of a hawksbill turtle, with a background which is in part made up of a pattern of lines and in part unpatterned, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN SEA LIFE II’;(b) ‘THE REEF’;(c) ‘HAWKSBILL TURTLE’;(d) ‘WR’;(e) ‘P’ |\n| 32 | Reverse | R22 | A design consisting of a colour‑washed representation of a starfish, with a background which is in part made up of a pattern of lines and in part unpatterned, and the following:(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN SEA LIFE II’;(b) ‘THE REEF’;(c) ‘STARFISH’;(d) ‘WR’;(e) ‘P’ |\n| 33 | Reverse | R23 | A design consisting of:(a) an outline representing a map of Antarctica, surrounding:(i) a representation of icebergs floating in a body of water; and(ii) below the iceberg representation — a colour‑washed representation of water; and(b) superimposed over the iceberg representation and the map outline — a representation of a killer whale breaching the water; and(c) superimposed over the colour‑washed representation of water and the map outline — a colour‑washed representation of an adult killer whale and calf; and(d) outside the map outline — a background polar grid pattern with some segments shaded and some segments unshaded; and(e) the following words:(i) ‘Australian Antarctic Territory’;(ii) ‘2011 – KILLER WHALE’;(iii) ‘1 OZ 99.9 SILVER’;(iv) ‘WR’;(v) ‘P’ |\n| 34 | Reverse | R24 | A design consisting of a representation of a kangaroo, and the following:(a) ‘0.5 GRAM 9999 GOLD’;(b) ‘P’ |\n| 35 | Reverse | R25 | A design consisting of:(a) a coloured representation of 4 men sitting in a car, with the official logo of The Wiggles on the bonnet and door of the car and the words ‘BIG RED CAR’ on the bumper; and(b) a coloured background with representations of grass and a tree; and |\n| | | | (c) the following words:(i) ‘CELEBRATING 20 YEARS’;(ii) ‘1991–2011’;(iii) ‘P’ |\n| 36 | Reverse | R26 | A design consisting of:(a) a coloured representation of 4 men as follows:(i) 1 man standing behind a microphone;(ii) 1 man standing behind a musical keyboard;(iii) 1 man sitting behind a drum set with the official logo of The Wiggles on it;(iv) 1 man holding a guitar; and(b) a coloured representation of musical notes; and(c) the following words:(i) ‘CELEBRATING 20 YEARS’;(ii) ‘1991–2011’;(iii) ‘P’ |\n| 37 | Reverse | R27 | A design consisting of:(a) the official logo of The Wiggles in colour; and(b) partially obscured by the logo — coloured representations of the following:(i) a person wearing a hat and holding a feather;(ii) a large dog;(iii) a stylised animal wearing a hat and holding flowers;(iv) a stylised animal wearing a shirt and hat and waving; and(c) the following words:(i) ‘CELEBRATING 20 YEARS’;(ii) ‘1991–2011’;(iii) ‘P’ |\n| 38 | Reverse | R28 | A design consisting of the official logo of The Wiggles in colour, surrounded by a pattern of shapes extending to 8 stars, with each star featuring a coloured representation of a human face or stylised animal, and the following:(a) ‘CELEBRATING 20 YEARS’;(b) ‘1991–2011’;(c) ‘P’ |\n| 39 | Reverse | R29 | A design consisting of:(a) a coloured representation of a child sitting on the back of a kangaroo holding reigns with one hand and waving with the other, with a monkey holding onto the back of the child’s shirt and a dog holding onto the kangaroo’s neck; and(b) the official Ginger Meggs logo; and(c) the following words:(i) ‘GINGER MEGGS 90th ANNIVERSARY’;(ii) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(iii) ‘P’ |\n| 40 | Reverse | R30 | A design consisting of a colour washed representation of a woman partially obscured by representations of a bouquet of flowers and a music score, and the following:(a) ‘Dame Nellie Melba — 1861–1931’;(b) ‘1oz 999 SILVER’;(c) ‘AH’;(d) ‘P’ |\n| 41 | Reverse | R31 | A design consisting of representations of a woman and a bouquet of flowers, and the following:(a) ‘Dame Nellie Melba — 1861–1931’;(b) ‘AH’;(c) ‘P’ |\n| 42 | Reverse | R32 | A design consisting of:(a) a representation of 3 men, with 1 man holding a ball in his hand, superimposed over a representation of a trophy; and(b) the official Australian Wallabies logo; and(c) the official 2011 Rugby World Cup logo; and(d) the following words:(i) ‘1991/1999 WORLD CHAMPIONS’;(ii) ‘AUSTRALIA’;(iii) ‘$1’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n| 43 | Reverse | R33 | A design consisting of:(a) a representation of Queen Elizabeth II; and(b) a representation of the design from her personal flag, partly superimposed over a lined background; and(c) the following words:(i) ‘H.M. QUEEN ELIZABETH II’;(ii) ‘85th BIRTHDAY’;(iii) ‘1926–2011’;(iv) ‘P’ |\n\n> Note\n\n> Note: 1. All legislative instruments and compilations are registered on the Federal Register of Legislative Instruments kept under the Legislative Instruments Act 2003. See http://www.frli.gov.au.","sortOrder":8}],"analysis":{"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This Determination stays within the established function of Currency (Perth Mint) Determinations: prescribing and recording the technical standards and designs of Perth Mint coins under the Currency Act. It adds and records particular compositions (eg, 99.9% silver for certain denominations) and detailed specifications for a set of Perth Mint issues, but does not broaden the statutory power or introduce subjects outside the original purpose of setting coin specifications."},"complexity_factors":["Long Schedule 1 with 33 separate coin specification items in Part 1","Part 2 contains 41+ design explanations (O1–O8 and R1–R33) cross‑referenced from Part 1","Multiple technical parameters per item (standard composition, weight ± variation, diameter, thickness, shape, edge, obverse and reverse codes)","Cross‑references to the Currency Act (ss 13 and 13A) and to the Schedule to the Act","A small conditional rule (s 4(2)) that the new standard compositions are added in addition to any existing compositions for the same denominations","Repetitive but precise numeric tolerances (many decimal weights and tight allowable variations) increases parsing length though not conceptual difficulty"],"plain_english_summary":"**What this instrument does (mechanically)\n\n- This is a Ministerial determination made under the Currency Act 1965 (ss 13 and 13A). It updates the legal specifications for certain Perth Mint coins by adding or recording: the metal composition, standard weight (and allowable variation), maximum diameter and thickness, shape and edge treatment, and the exact obverse/reverse designs for each listed coin (see section 4 and section 5, and Schedule 1).\n\n- Section 4 inserts, for the denominations shown (50 cents, $8 and $20), that those coins may have a new standard composition of “at least 99.9% silver.” It also says those compositions are added in addition to any existing standard compositions for the same denominations (s 4(1)–(2)).\n\n- Section 5 (and Schedule 1) sets out, for each coin listed, the coin’s: standard weight (with allowable variation), maximum diameter and thickness, shape and edge type, and a coded description of the obverse (front) and reverse (back) design. Part 2 of Schedule 1 explains those design codes (for example O1, R1, etc.).\n\nWho is affected\n\n- The Perth Mint (the issuer) — the determination fixes the legally recognised physical standards for particular Perth Mint issues and the precise design inscriptions they must carry.\n\n- Coin purchasers, dealers, investors and collectors — the instrument tells the market which Perth Mint items are issued to the legal specification and therefore carry the face value and descriptions covered by the Currency Act schedule.\n\n- Businesses and institutions that handle legal tender coins (banks, bullion dealers, customs, assay offices) — they rely on the listed specifications to identify, accept, grade or price coins.\n\nWhy this matters (purpose claim and testing it)\n\n- The stated legal purpose (implicit in the Currency Act powers exercised) is to prescribe and record the technical standards and designs of Perth Mint coins so they operate as recognised currency items under the Currency Act (see ss 13, 13A; s 1 name/commencement provisions show this is a formal specification exercise).\n\n- How that purpose translates into private‑sector effects:\n - Who pays: there is no general taxpayer subsidy created by the Determination itself — the immediate financial effects fall on coin buyers/sellers and the Perth Mint. Production compliance costs (making coins to the specified tolerances) are borne by the Mint; market prices for coins will continue to be driven mainly by metal content (bullion value) and collector premiums, not by this Determination.\n - Who decides: the Assistant Treasurer (the Minister) decides the legal technical specifications under the statutory power; the Perth Mint decides production and marketing within those specifications.\n - Behaviour changes: the Mint can issue coins matching these specifications; dealers and purchasers will treat the listed items as authorised Perth Mint issues with particular face values and inscriptions. Acceptance as legal tender at face value remains a statutory matter; in practice bullion/collector buyers will continue to value coins by metal/collector market prices rather than face value.\n\nCosts, incentives, trade‑offs and implementation issues\n\n- Compliance and administrative burden: light. The instrument is a technical specification; its practical effect is to permit (or record) certain Perth Mint products as meeting the Currency Act schedule. The Mint already manufactures to tight tolerances; the instrument formalises the legal backing.\n\n- Market signalling and pricing: adding a prescribed standard composition (eg, 99.9% silver for certain denominations) reduces ambiguity about the metal content of those legal‑tender issues. That can reduce transaction friction for dealers and improve consumer confidence about what they are buying, but it does not control market prices for the metal or the collector premium.\n\n- Risks and trade‑offs: the determination confers recognition of particular designs and metal contents; concentrated benefits accrue to the Mint (ability to issue and sell these specific products) and to collectors or license-holders of particular designs. Costs to others are diffuse (eg, banks may need to know the specs to identify coins), and implementation risk is low because this is a routine technical exercise under existing statutory powers.\n\nEffect on competition, contract freedom and private choice\n\n- Competition between precious metal and numismatic producers is not altered in its fundamentals: private mints and foreign issuers remain free to produce competing bullion/collector products. The Determination does not force private actors to use Perth Mint coins in contracts; it simply records the legal specifications for Perth Mint issues.\n\n- Contract freedom and speech are largely unaffected. Parties remain free to agree values and payment methods; the Determination only fixes technical coin standards used in the context of the Currency Act.\n\nPractical note on legal tender and market practice\n\n- The coins are specified and described for the purposes of the Currency Act schedule. In day‑to‑day markets, purchasers and dealers will continue to treat bullion/collector coins according to metal value and collectible demand; legal face value is typically much lower than intrinsic metal value for bullion coins. The Determination does not change that market economic reality, it simply fixes the legal and technical description (s 5 and Schedule 1).\n\nRelevant citations from the instrument: section 4 (adds 99.9% silver composition entries for 50c, $8 and $20), section 5 and Schedule 1 (specifications of weight, dimensions and design codes), and Part 2 of Schedule 1 (definition of each design code such as O1–O8 and R1–R33).\n"},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"Unauthenticated. Configure AI_GATEWAY_API_KEY or use a provider module. Learn more: https://ai-sdk.dev/unauthenticated-ai-gateway","source":"analysis-cron"},"kimi_summary":{"_metrics":{"provider":"moonshot","completionTokens":2456},"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The Determination operates within the standard scope of the Currency Act 1965, exercising the specific powers in sections 13 and 13A to prescribe coin compositions, weights and designs. It does not expand beyond the Act's original purpose of regulating Australian coinage."},"complexity_factors":["33 itemised coin specifications in Schedule 1 requiring navigation between tables","43 separate design symbols (O1–O8, R1–R33, S1, E1) defined in Part 2 that must be cross-referenced to interpret the Schedule","Precise metrological tolerances (e.g., '156.673 ± 1.000' grams) with measurements to 2 decimal places for dimensions","Cumulative operation clause (section 4(2)) allowing multiple parallel specifications for the same denomination","Nested design descriptions for reverse sides with multiple elements (e.g., R33 includes map outlines, colour-washing, and superimposed representations)"],"plain_english_summary":"This Determination authorises the Perth Mint to produce 33 specific new Australian legal-tender coins—mainly commemorative and precious-metal investment pieces—and sets their exact metal compositions, weights and designs. It also allows 50c, $8 and $20 coins to be struck in at least 99.9% silver alongside existing alloys.\n\nIt matters to coin collectors, precious‑metal investors and the Perth Mint because, without this instrument, these exact coins could not be lawfully minted or recognised as currency."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2010-no-3","history":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2010-no-3/history","analysis":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2010-no-3/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2010-no-3/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2010-no-3/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2010-no-3/documents"}}