{"id":"F2006B00165","name":"Currency (Perth Mint) Determination 2001 (No. 2)","slug":"currency-perth-mint-determination-2001-no-2","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":436724,"registerId":"F2006B00165-fast-fetch-1775953834850","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-12","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Currency (Perth Mint) Determination 2001 (No. 2)","content":"---\nmeta-content-style-type: text/css\nmeta-content-type: application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8\n---\n\n?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n\n\n\nCurrency (Perth Mint) Determination 2001 (No. 2)\n\nI, JOE HOCKEY, Minister for Financial Services and Regulation, make this Determination under subsection 13A (1) of the Currency Act 1965.\n\nDated 17 July 2001\n\nJOE HOCKEY\n\nMinister for Financial Services and Regulation\n\nContents\n\nPage\n\n 1 Name of Determination \n\n 2 Commencement \n\n 3 Specification of coins \n\n 4 Application of Determination \n\nSchedule 1 \n\nPart 1 Specifications of coins \n\nPart 2 Explanation of symbols \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n1 Name of Determination\n\n This Determination is the Currency (Perth Mint) Determination 2001 (No. 2) (No. 2).\n\n2 Commencement\n\n This Determination commences on gazettal.\n\n3 Specification of coins\n\n This Determination specifies, for a coin having the denomination and standard composition specified in columns 2 and 3 of Part 1 of Schedule 1, the standard weight, the allowable variation from that weight, the dimensions and the design specified in columns 4, 5 and 6 of that Part.\n\n4 Application of Determination\n\n The specifications in this Determination do not affect any other Determination of the specifications of a coin.\n\nSchedule 1 \n\n(section 3)\n\nPart 1 Specifications of coins\n\n \n\n- Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Column 5 Column 6\n- Item Denomination (and, where relevant, nominal weight in ounces or kilograms) Standard composition Standard weight and allowable variation (g) Dimensions Design\n- (1) Diameter (mm) (2) Thickness (mm) (1) Shape (2) Edge (3) Obverse (4) Reverse\n- 101 $5 (1/20 oz) Not less than 99.99% gold 1.571 0.015 14.10 1.40 S1 E1 O1 R267\n- 102 $15 (1/10 oz) Not less than 99.99% gold 3.133 0.022 16.10 1.50 S1 E1 O1 R267\n- 103 $25 (1/4 oz) Not less than 99.99% gold 7.807 0.030 20.10 2.00 S1 E1 O1 R267\n- 104 $50 (1/2 oz) Not less than 99.99% gold 15.594 0.040 25.10 2.40 S1 E1 O1 R267\n- 105 $100 (1 oz) Not less than 99.99% gold 31.162 0.055 32.10 2.80 S1 E1 O1 R267\n- 106 $100 (1 oz) Not less than 99.99% gold 31.162 0.055 32.10 2.80 S1 E1 O1 R268\n- 107 $200 (2 oz) Not less than 99.99% gold 62.265 0.050 40.60 4.00 S1 E1 O1 R267\n- 108 $200 (2 oz) Not less than 99.99% gold 62.265 0.050 40.60 4.00 S1 E1 O1 R269\n- 109 $1 000 (10 oz) Not less than 99.99% gold 311.317 0.250 60.30 7.90 S1 E1 O1 R269\n- 110 $3 000 (1 kg) Not less than 99.99% gold 1000.350 0.250 75.30 13.90 S1 E1 O1 R269\n- 111 50 cents (1/2 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 16.073 0.500 32.10 (circum-scribed diameter) 3.50 S5 E1 O27 R271\n- 112 $1 (1 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 31.635 0.500 40.60 4.00 S1 E1 O1 R270\n- 113 $2 (2 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 62.770 0.500 50.30 4.50 S1 E1 O1 R270\n- 114 $10 (10 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 312.347 1.000 75.50 8.70 S1 E1 O1 R270\n- 115 $10 (10 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 312.347 1.000 75.50 8.70 S1 E1 O1 R272\n- 116 $30 (1 kg) Not less than 99.9% silver 1002.502 1.500 101.00 14.60 S1 E1 O1 R270\n- 117 $5 (1/20 oz) Not less than 99.95% platinum 1.571 0.015 14.10 1.40 S1 E1 O1 R273\n- 118 $15 (1/10 oz) Not less than 99.95% platinum 3.137 0.025 16.10 1.32 S1 E1 O1 R273\n- 119 $25 (1/4 oz) Not less than 99.95% platinum 7.815 0.035 20.10 1.90 S1 E1 O1 R273\n- 120 $50 (1/2 oz) Not less than 99.95% platinum 15.605 0.045 25.10 2.30 S1 E1 O1 R273\n- 121 $100 (1 oz) Not less than 99.95% platinum 31.185 0.065 32.10 2.70 S1 E1 O1 R273\n- 122 $100 (1 oz) Not less than 99.95% platinum 31.185 0.065 32.10 2.70 S1 E1 O1 R274\n- 123 $200 (2 oz) Not less than 99.95% platinum 62.313 0.075 40.60 3.80 S1 E1 O1 R273\n- 124 $200 (2 oz) Not less than 99.95% platinum 62.313 0.075 40.60 3.80 S1 E1 O1 R275\n- 125 $1 000 (10 oz) Not less than 99.95% platinum 311.691 0.500 60.30 7.90 S1 E1 O1 R275\n- 126 $3 000 (1 kg) Not less than 99.95% platinum 1001.000 0.500 75.30 13.90 S1 E1 O1 R275\n- 127 50 cents (1/2 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 16.073 0.500 32.10 3.10 S1 E1 O1 R276\n- 128 $1 (1 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 31.635 0.500 40.60 4.00 S1 E1 O1 R276\n- 129 $2 (2 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 62.770 0.500 50.30 4.50 S1 E1 O1 R276\n- 130 $10 (10 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 312.347 1.000 75.50 8.70 S1 E1 O1 R276\n- 131 $30 (1 kg) Not less than 99.9% silver 1002.502 1.500 101.00 14.60 S1 E1 O1 R276\n- 132 $5 (1/20 oz) Not less than 99.99% gold 1.571 0.015 14.10 1.40 S1 E1 O1 R277\n- 133 $15 (1/10 oz) Not less than 99.99% gold 3.133 0.022 16.10 1.50 S1 E1 O1 R277\n- 134 $25 (1/4 oz) Not less than 99.99% gold 7.807 0.030 20.10 2.00 S1 E1 O1 R277\n- 135 $50 (1/2 oz) Not less than 99.99% gold 16.073 0.500 25.10 2.40 S1 E1 O1 R277\n- 136 $100 (1 oz) Not less than 99.99% gold 31.162 0.055 32.10 2.80 S1 E1 O1 R277\n- 137 $200 (2 oz) Not less than 99.99% gold 62.265 0.050 40.60 4.00 S1 E1 O1 R277\n- 138 $1 000 (10 oz) Not less than 99.99% gold 311.317 0.250 60.30 7.90 S1 E1 O1 R277\n- 139 $3 000 (1 kg) Not less than 99.99% gold 1000.350 0.250 75.30 13.90 S1 E1 O1 R277\n- 140 50 cents (1/2 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 16.073 0.500 32.10 3.10 S1 E1 O1 R278\n- 141 $1 (1 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 31.635 0.500 40.60 4.00 S1 E1 O1 R278\n- 142 $2 (2 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 62.770 0.500 50.30 4.50 S1 E1 O1 R278\n- 143 $10 (10 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 312.347 1.000 75.50 8.70 S1 E1 O1 R278\n- 144 $30 (1 kg) Not less than 99.9% silver 1002.502 1.500 101.00 14.60 S1 E1 O1 R278\n- 145 $30 (1 kg) Not less than 99.9% silver 1002.502 1.500 101.00 14.60 S1 E1 O1 R279\n- 146 $30 (1 kg) Not less than 99.9% silver 1002.502 1.500 101.00 14.60 S1 E1 O1 R280\n- 147 $30 (1 kg) Not less than 99.9% silver 1002.502 1.500 101.00 14.60 S1 E1 O1 R281\n- 148 $30 (1 kg) Not less than 99.9% silver 1002.502 1.500 101.00 14.60 S1 E1 O1 R282\n- 149 $1 (1 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 31.635 0.500 40.60 4.00 S1 E1 O1 R283\n- 150 $1 (1 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 31.635 0.500 40.60 4.00 S1 E1 O1 R284\n- 151 $1 (1 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 31.635 0.500 40.60 4.00 S1 E1 O1 R285\n- 152 $1 (1 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 31.635 0.500 40.60 4.00 S1 E1 O1 R286\n- 153 $1 (1 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 31.635 0.500 40.60 4.00 S1 E1 O1 R287\n- 154 $1 (1 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 31.635 0.500 40.60 4.00 S1 E1 O1 R288\n- 155 $1 (1 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 31.635 0.500 40.60 4.00 S1 E1 O1 R289\n- 156 $2 (2 oz) Not less than 99.9% silver 62.770 0.500 50.30 4.50 S1 E1 O1 R290\n- 157 $30 (1 kg) Not less than 99.9% silver 1002.502 1.500 101.00 14.60 S1 E1 O1 R291\n\n\n \n\nPart 2 Explanation of symbols\n\n \n\n| Column 1 | Column 2 | Column 3 | Column 4 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Item | Design feature | Symbol | Explanation |\n| 201 | Shape | S1 | Circular |\n| 202 | Shape | S5 | Square (with rounded corners) |\n| 203 | Edge | E1 | Milled |\n| 204 | Obverse | O1 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing:
(a) the inscriptions:
(i) ‘ELIZABETH II’; and
(ii) ‘AUSTRALIA’; and
(b) an inscription stating, in Arabic numerals, the amount, in dollars or cents, of the denomination of the coin, followed by the word ‘DOLLAR’, ‘DOLLARS’ or ‘CENTS’, as the case requires;
that, in turn, surround an effigy of the Queen. |\n| 205 | Obverse | O27 | A row of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing:
(a) the inscriptions:
(i) ‘ELIZABETH II’; and
(ii) ‘AUSTRALIA’; and
(b) an inscription stating, in Arabic numerals, the amount, in dollars or cents, of the denomination of the coin, followed by the word ‘DOLLAR’, ‘DOLLARS’ or ‘CENTS’, as the case requires;
that, in turn, surround an effigy of the Queen and the inscription ‘IRB’. |\n| 206 | Reverse | R267 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing the inscriptions:
(a) ‘THE AUSTRALIAN NUGGET X OZ. 9999 GOLD’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight, in ounces, of the coin expressed as a common fraction, or whole number, in Arabic numerals); and
(b) ‘2002’ or ‘2003’;
that, in turn, surround:
(c) a representation of a kangaroo drinking from a billabong; and
(d) for a coin dated 2002 – the inscription ‘P’. |\n| 207 | Reverse | R268 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing the inscriptions:
(a) ‘THE AUSTRALIAN NUGGET 1 OZ. 9999 GOLD’; and
(b) ‘2002’;
that, in turn, surround the inscription:
(c) ‘Australian Prospector Series’; and
(d) a representation of 2 prospectors ‘dry blowing’ with 2 gold prospecting pans and their contents highlighted in colour; and
(e) the inscription ‘P’. |\n| 208 | Reverse | R269 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing:
(a) either:
(i) if the nominal weight of the coin is measured in ounces — the inscription ‘THE AUSTRALIAN NUGGET X OZ. 9999 GOLD’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight, in ounces, of the coin expressed as a whole number in Arabic numerals); or
(ii) if the nominal weight of the coin is 1 kilogram — the inscription ‘THE AUSTRALIAN NUGGET 1 KILO 9999 GOLD’; and
(b) the inscription ‘2003’;
that, in turn, surround:
(c) a representation of a red kangaroo on a sunburst of rays. |\n| 209 | Reverse | R270 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing:
(a) either:
(i) if the nominal weight of the coin is measured in ounces — the inscription ‘AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA X OZ. 999 SILVER’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight, in ounces, of the coin expressed as a common fraction or whole number in Arabic numerals); or
(ii) if the nominal weight of the coin is 1 kilogram — the inscription ‘THE AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA 1 KILO 999 SILVER’; and
(b) the inscription ‘2002’ or ‘2003’; and
(c) a representation of a kookaburra perched on a branch; and
(d) for a coin dated 2002 – the inscription ‘P’. |\n| 210 | Reverse | R271 | A border of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing the inscriptions:
(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA’; and
(b) ‘1/2 oz. 999 SILVER’; and
(c) ‘2002’; and
(d) a representation of a kookaburra perched on a branch; and
(e) the inscription ‘P’. |\n| 211 | Reverse | R272 | The inscriptions:
(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA 2002 10 0Z. 999 SILVER’; and
(b) ‘EVOLUTION OF TIME’;
that, in turn, surround the inscription:
(c) ‘Tempus fugit et nunquam revertitur’; and
(d) representations of symbols of ancient and modern time‑keeping:
(i) 5 international time-keeping clocks; and
(ii) the upper part of a fob watch with numbers shown in Roman, digital and Arabic styles; and
(iii) an hour glass ‘sand clock’; and
(v) an atomic clock; and
(v) an Egyptian pyramid and image of Sirius the Dog Star; and
(vi) the Sun; and
(vii) a calibration of an astrolobe and sundial; and
(e) the inscription ‘P’. |\n| 212 | Reverse | R273 | The inscriptions:
(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOALA X OZ. 9995 PLATINUM’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight, in ounces, of the coin expressed as a common fraction, or whole number, in Arabic numerals; and
(b) ‘2002’ or ‘2003’; and
(c) a representation of a young male koala; and
(d) for a coin dated 2002 – the inscription ‘P’. |\n| 213 | Reverse | R274 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing the inscriptions:
(a) ‘AUSTRALIAN KOALA 1 OZ. 9995 PLATINUM’; and
(b) ‘2002’;
that, in turn, surround:
(c) a representation of 5 adults and a toddler from different cultural backgrounds signifying Australian multiculturalism on a background pad-printed in colour; and
the inscriptions:
(d) ‘Australian Stories - Multiculturalism’; and
(e) ‘P’. |\n| 214 | Reverse | R275 | A circle, immediately inside the rim, enclosing:
(a) either:
(i) if the nominal weight of the coin is measured in ounces — the inscription ‘THE AUSTRALIAN KOALA X OZ. 9995 PLATINUM’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight, in ounces, of the coin expressed as a whole number in Arabic numerals); or
(ii) if the nominal weight of the coin is 1 kilogram — the inscription ‘THE AUSTRALIAN KOALA 1 KILO 9995 PLATINUM’; and
(b) the inscription ‘2003’, and
(c) a representation of a koala on the stump of a tree. |\n| 215 | Reverse | R276 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing:
(a) either:
(i) if the nominal weight of the coin is measured in ounces — the inscription ‘X OZ 999 SILVER’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight, in ounces, of the coin expressed as a common fraction, or whole number, in Arabic numerals); or
(ii) if the nominal weight of the coin is 1 kilogram — the inscription ‘1 KILO 999 SILVER’; and
(b) a traditional Chinese pattern of bats and clouds; and
(c) the inscription ‘2002’; and
(d) a representation of a galloping horse; and
(e) the Chinese character for ‘horse’; and
(f) with or without the inscription ‘P’. |\n| 216 | Reverse | R277 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing:
(a) either:
(i) if the nominal weight of the coin is measured in ounces — the inscription ‘X OZ 9999 GOLD’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight, in ounces, of the coin expressed as a whole number in Arabic numerals); or
(ii) if the nominal weight of the coin is 1 kilogram — the inscription ‘1 KILO 9999 GOLD’; and
(b) a traditional Chinese pattern of bats and clouds; and
(c) the inscription ‘2003’, and
(d) a representation of a goat; and
(e) the Chinese character for ‘goat’; and
(f) with or without the inscription ‘P’ |\n| 217 | Reverse | R278 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing:
(a) either:
(i) if the nominal weight of the coin is measured in ounces — the inscription ‘X OZ 999 SILVER’ (where ‘X’ is the nominal weight, in ounces, of the coin expressed as a common fraction, or whole number, in Arabic numerals); or
(ii) if the nominal weight of the coin is 1 kilogram — the inscription ‘1 KILO 999 SILVER’; and
(b) a traditional Chinese pattern of bats and clouds; and
(c) the inscription ‘2003’; and
(d) a representation of a mother and kid goat; and
(e) the Chinese character for ‘goat’; and
(f) with or without the inscription ‘P’. |\n| 218 | Reverse | R279 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing:
(a) a traditional Chinese pattern of bats coloured yellow, and clouds coloured purple; and
(b) the inscriptions:
(i) ‘1 KILO 999 SILVER’; and
(ii) ‘2002’; and
(iii) the Chinese character for ‘horse’;
that, in turn, surround:
(c) a representation of a galloping horse with a diamond inset in its eye. |\n| 219 | Reverse | R280 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing:
(a) a traditional Chinese pattern of bats coloured yellow, and clouds coloured purple; and
(b) the inscriptions:
(i) ‘1 KILO 999 SILVER’; and
(ii) ‘1999’; and
(iii) the Chinese character for ‘rabbit’;
that, in turn, surround:
(c) a representation of a rabbit with a diamond inset in its eye. |\n| 220 | Reverse | R281 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing:
(a) a traditional Chinese pattern of bats coloured yellow, and clouds coloured purple; and
(b) the inscriptions:
(i) ‘1 KILO 999 SILVER’; and
(ii) ‘2001’; and
(iii) the Chinese character for ‘snake’;
that, in turn, surround:
(c) a representation of a snake with eggs and a diamond inset in the eye of the snake. |\n| 221 | Reverse | R282 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing:
(a) a traditional Chinese pattern of bats coloured yellow, and clouds coloured purple; and
(b) the inscriptions:
(i) ‘1 KILO 999 SILVER’; and
(ii) ‘2003’; and
(iii) the Chinese character for ‘goat’;
that, in turn, surround:
(c) a representation of a mother and kid goat with a diamond inset in the eye of the kid goat. |\n| 222 | Reverse | R283 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing the inscriptions:
(a) ‘THE AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA 1 OZ. 999 SILVER’; and
(b) ‘2001’;
that, in turn, surround:
(c) a representation of 2 kookaburras on a branch; and
(d) a representation of Santa Claus pad-printed in colour as a privy mark. |\n| 223 | Reverse | R284 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing the inscriptions:
(a) ‘THE AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA 1 OZ. 999 SILVER’; and
(b) ‘2002’;
that, in turn, surround:
(c) a representation of a soaring kookaburra superimposed over a map of Australia; and
(d) a representation of a Christmas candle pad-printed in colour as a privy mark. |\n| 224 | Reverse | R285 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing the inscriptions:
(a) ‘THE AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA 1 OZ. 999 SILVER’; and
(b) ‘2001’;
that, in turn, surround:
(c) a representation of 2 kookaburras on a branch; and
(d) a circular privy mark incorporating a representation of the reverse of a United States Quarter Dollar commemorating the US State of New York. |\n| 225 | Reverse | R286 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing the inscriptions:
(a) ‘THE AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA 1 OZ. 999 SILVER’; and
(b) ‘2001’;
that, in turn, surround:
(c) a representation of 2 kookaburras on a branch; and
(d) a circular privy mark incorporating a representation of the reverse of a United States Quarter Dollar commemorating the US State of North Carolina. |\n| 226 | Reverse | R287 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing the inscriptions:
(a) ‘THE AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA 1 OZ. 999 SILVER’; and
(b) ‘2001’;
that, in turn, surround:
(c) a representation of 2 kookaburras on a branch; and
(d) a circular privy mark incorporating a representation of the reverse of a United States Quarter Dollar commemorating the US State of Rhode Island. |\n| 227 | Reverse | R288 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing the inscriptions:
(a) ‘THE AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA 1 OZ. 999 SILVER’; and
(b) ‘2001’;
that, in turn, surround:
(c) a representation of 2 kookaburras on a branch; and
(d) a circular privy mark incorporating a representation of the reverse of a United States Quarter Dollar commemorating the US State of Vermont. |\n| 228 | Reverse | R289 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing the inscriptions:
(a) ‘THE AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA 1 OZ. 999 SILVER’; and
(b) ‘2001’;
that, in turn, surround:
(c) a representation of 2 kookaburras on a branch; and
(d) a circular privy mark incorporating a representation of the reverse of a United States Quarter Dollar commemorating the US State of Kentucky. |\n| 229 | Reverse | R290 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing the inscriptions:
(a) ‘THE AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA 2 OZ. 999 SILVER’; and
(b) ‘2001’;
that, in turn, surround:
(c) a representation of 2 kookaburras on a branch; and
(d) 5 individual circular privy marks each incorporating a representation of the reverse of a United States Quarter Dollar commemorating the US States of New York, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Vermont and Kentucky. |\n| 230 | Reverse | R291 | A circle of raised beads, immediately inside the rim, enclosing the inscriptions:
(a) ‘THE AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA 1 KILO 999 SILVER’; and
(b) ‘2001’;
that, in turn, surround:
(c) a representation of 2 kookaburras on a branch; and
(d) 5 individual circular privy marks in gold, each incorporating a representation of the reverse of a United States Quarter Dollar commemorating the US States of New York, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Vermont and Kentucky. |\n\n \n","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"Unauthenticated. Configure AI_GATEWAY_API_KEY or use a provider module. Learn more: https://ai-sdk.dev/unauthenticated-ai-gateway","source":"analysis-cron"},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This Determination stays within the original, narrow purpose of the Minister’s power under the Currency Act: to specify Perth Mint coin standards (denomination, composition, weight/tolerance, dimensions and design). It does not expand the legal power exercised; it adds or updates the catalogue of specific coin designs and technical specifications (including multiple variants and years), which is an expected use of that power rather than a change of scope. Any growth in the number of listed designs is an enlargement of the catalogue of coins to which the existing power applies, not a change to the statutory scope or to the kinds of regulatory effects the Act contemplates."},"complexity_factors":["Schedule 1 lists 57 separate coin items (Items 101–157) with individual weights, tolerances, dimensions and design codes.","Part 2 contains 30 design/feature explanations (Items 201–230) decoding symbols (S1, S5, E1, O1, O27 and R267–R291).","Multiple conditional elements in design descriptions (e.g., different inscriptions depending on whether nominal weight is stated in ounces or 1 kilo; date‑dependent inscriptions such as items that include an inscription only for coins dated 2002 or 2003).","High numeric precision requirements (tight weight tolerances down to ±0.015 g for some coins) increase operational specificity and conditional compliance rules (Schedule 1, Part 1).","Several reverse designs repeat with small variants (colour pad‑printing, privy marks, diamond insets, or different cultural motifs), increasing the number of near‑identical but legally distinct specifications.","Cross‑referencing within the Schedule (Part 1 using shorthand symbols that must be resolved by consulting Part 2) — requires readers to switch between parts to interpret each coin entry.","No substantive new legal concepts introduced (the instrument is technical), but the long enumerated list and many small variations create administrative complexity rather than legal complexity."],"plain_english_summary":"**What this instrument does (mechanically)**\n\n- It is a ministerial determination made under subsection 13A(1) of the Currency Act 1965 that sets out precise specifications for a set of coins to be issued by the Perth Mint (Schedule 1). (See sections 3 and Schedule 1.)\n- The Determination: names the instrument (s1), comes into force on gazettal (s2), and then, in s3 and Schedule 1, prescribes for each listed coin: denomination, metal composition, nominal weight, allowable weight tolerance, diameter, thickness, shape, edge type, and which obverse and reverse designs must appear. Part 2 of Schedule 1 explains the symbols used for shape, edge and each obverse/reverse design.\n- Section 4 makes clear these specifications do not change or override other existing determinations that specify coin designs or standards.\n\n**Who is affected**\n\n- The Perth Mint (as issuer): it must manufacture coins to the exact dimensions, tolerances and designs listed (Schedule 1, Part 1 and Part 2). The operational burden of meeting those tolerances and colour/privy‑mark requirements falls on the Mint.\n- Dealers, collectors and secondary-market participants: the Determination fixes the official legal‑tender specifications and appearance used to authenticate and grade these coins (useful for valuation and resale). The exact inscriptions, dates, privy marks and pad‑printed colours set by the Determination are what function as the official reference for authenticity.\n- Cash handlers, banks and the general public: practically unaffected in everyday retail use because these are high‑value precious‑metal legal tender coins whose market value will typically be driven by metal content and collectible value rather than face value. Still, legal‑tender denomination and year are prescribed by the Determination.\n\n**Why it matters (purpose claimed and practical effects)**\n\n- The stated purpose (implicit in the instrument) is to specify the legal‑tender coins that the Perth Mint may issue and to define their technical and design standards so they are legally and physically identifiable (s3; Schedule 1). That allows coins produced to be treated as Australian legal tender with known denominations and designs.\n\n- Practical trade‑offs, implementation and incentives:\n - Manufacturing and compliance cost: the Determination requires tight weight tolerances and specific design features (for example, very small allowable weight variations for some gold coins), which increases precision requirements for minting operations (Schedule 1, Part 1). Those costs are borne by the Perth Mint.\n - Concentrated benefits: the most direct beneficiaries are the Perth Mint and whoever markets these coins (distributors, numismatic dealers). The public benefit is the legal clarity and standardisation of coin specifications.\n - Diffuse costs: there is no new general taxation or broad regulatory burden in the instrument itself. Any costs are mainly operational (manufacture, quality control) and market (buyers pay market prices that reflect metal and collectible value). The face denomination is stated but, for most of these coins, market (metal/collector) value will exceed face value; the Determination does not change that economic fact — it only fixes the legal‑tender denomination and technical details (Schedule 1).\n - Implementation risk: complex design requirements (multiple reverse variants, coloured pad‑prints, multiple privy marks and small tolerances) increase manufacturing complexity and quality‑control risk. If the mint fails to meet the prescribed specs, coins could be non‑compliant with the Determination.\n - Legal effect and limits: the Determination operates within the Minister’s power under the Currency Act — it does not itself create new statutory powers nor change other determinations (s4). It is a technical/regulatory instrument rather than a policy that changes rights or taxes.\n\n**Concrete mechanics and examples (where to look in the instrument)**\n\n- Section 3 + Schedule 1, Part 1 list each coin item (for example Item 101: $5, 1/20 oz gold, not less than 99.99% gold, weight 1.571 g ±0.015, diameter 14.10 mm, thickness 1.40 mm, shape S1 (circular), edge E1 (milled), obverse O1, reverse R267).\n- Part 2 of Schedule 1 decodes S1, S5, E1, O1, O27 and R‑codes (R267–R291), explaining the inscriptions, imagery, date wording, pad‑printing/privy marks and conditional elements (for example, different inscriptions depending on whether the nominal weight is in ounces or 1 kilo, and whether the coin is dated 2002 or 2003).\n\n**Who pays, who decides, and what behaviour changes**\n\n- Who pays: the Perth Mint pays the production and quality‑control costs required to meet the specifications. Purchasers of the coins pay market prices that reflect the minting costs plus metal and collectible premiums.\n- Who decides: the Minister (acting under s13A(1) of the Currency Act 1965) makes the Determination; the instrument itself prescribes the technical standards to be followed by the Perth Mint (s1–s4 and Schedule 1).\n- Behaviour changes: the Perth Mint must conform production to the listed specifications; dealers and market participants will use these specifications as the legal reference for authentication and valuation. There is no change to general market freedoms beyond creating a set of official specs to be met for legal tender coins.\n\n**Key source references in the instrument**\n- Legal basis and effect: subsection 13A(1) of the Currency Act 1965 (instrument made under this power). See the Determination preamble and s3 which implements the power by specifying coins.\n- Precise manufacturing requirements and design codes: Schedule 1, Part 1 (coin entries) and Part 2 (explanation of symbols). See also s4 (non‑derogation of other determinations).\n"},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The legislation remains tightly focused on its original purpose: specifying technical and design standards for Perth Mint coins. While it covers a large number of individual coin variations (57 items), this breadth is consistent with the Determination's function under the Currency Act 1965. There is no evidence of scope creep into unrelated policy areas."},"complexity_factors":["57 distinct coin specifications in tabular format with 6 data columns each","22 different reverse design symbols (R267-R291) requiring cross-reference to Part 2","Multiple conditional design elements based on coin weight (ounces vs kilograms) and year (2002 vs 2003)","Nested sub-paragraphs in design descriptions (up to 4 levels deep in some reverse designs)","Technical precision requirements (weight tolerances to 3 decimal places, specific purity percentages)","Complex design elements including privy marks, pad-printing, diamond insets, and multilingual inscriptions (Chinese characters, Latin phrases)"],"plain_english_summary":"This law sets the technical specifications for a range of special collectible coins produced by the Perth Mint in 2001. It covers gold, silver, and platinum coins with various denominations and designs, including Australian wildlife (kangaroos, kookaburras, koalas) and Chinese zodiac animals (horse, goat, rabbit, snake). The Determination details the exact weight, size, shape, and appearance of each coin type—including intricate design elements like diamond insets, coloured printing, and even privy marks featuring US state quarters. These specifications ensure the coins meet legal tender standards while allowing the Mint to produce limited-edition collector pieces."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2001-no-2","history":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2001-no-2/history","analysis":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2001-no-2/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2001-no-2/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2001-no-2/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-2001-no-2/documents"}}