{"id":"collie-hardwood-plantation-agreement-act-1995","name":"Collie Hardwood Plantation Agreement Act 1995","slug":"collie-hardwood-plantation-agreement-act-1995","collection":"act","jurisdiction":"wa","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":30189,"registerId":"wa-collie-hardwood-plantation-agreement-act-1995-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-01","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Collie Hardwood Plantation Agreement Act 1995","content":"![Crest]()Western Australia\n\nCollie Hardwood Plantation Agreement Act 1995\n\nWestern Australia\n\nCollie Hardwood Plantation Agreement Act 1995\n\nContents\n\n1. Short title 1\n\n2. Commencement 1\n\n3. Interpretation 1\n\n4. Agreement ratified and implementation authorised 1\n\nSchedule 1 — Collie Hardwood Plantation Agreement\n\nNotes\n\nCompilation table 7\n\n  \n\nWestern Australia\n\nCollie Hardwood Plantation Agreement Act 1995\n\nAn Act to ratify, and authorise the implementation of, an agreement between the State and Hansol Australia Pty. Ltd. in relation to the establishment of large scale commercial hardwood plantations in the Collie region of the State.\n\n##### 1. Short title\n\nThis Act may be cited as the *Collie Hardwood Plantation Agreement Act 1995* 1.\n\n##### 2. Commencement\n\nThis Act comes into operation on the day on which it receives the Royal Assent 1.\n\n##### 3. Interpretation\n\nIn this Act, ***the Agreement*** means the Collie Hardwood Plantation Agreement, a copy of which is set out in Schedule 1, and includes that agreement as varied from time to time in accordance with its provisions.\n\n##### 4. Agreement ratified and implementation authorised\n\n(1) The Agreement is ratified.\n\n(2) The implementation of the Agreement is authorised.\n\n(3) Without limiting or otherwise affecting the application of the *Government Agreements Act 1979*, the Agreement operates and takes effect despite any other Act or law.\n\nSchedule 1 — Collie Hardwood Plantation Agreement\n\n[s. 3]\n\n[Heading amended: No. 19 of 2010 s. 4.]\n\n**COLLIE HARDWOOD PLANTATION AGREEMENT**\n\n**THIS AGREEMENT** is made this 4th day of January 1994\n\nB E T W E E N:\n\n**THE HONOURABLE RICHARD FAIRFAX COURT** B. Com., M.L.A., Premier of the State of Western Australia, acting for and on behalf of the said State and its instrumentalities from time to time (hereinafter called “the State”) of the one part\n\nAND\n\n**HANSOL AUSTRALIA PTY. LTD.** ACN 061 693 856 a company incorporated in the State of New South Wales and having its registered office at Ernst and Young, Level 15, The Ernst and Young Building, 321 Kent Street, Sydney, New South Wales (hereinafter called “the Company”) of the other part\n\nWHEREAS:\n\n(a) The Company is desirous of establishing in the Collie region of Western Australia large scale commercial hardwood plantations for the purpose of producing pulpwood for export;\n\n(b) To this end timber sharefarming agreements as described in section 34B of the *Conservation and Land Management Act 1984* may be acquired by or will be entered into by the Executive Director of the Department of Conservation and Land Management (“the Executive Director”) as agent of the Company (“the Company’s timber sharefarming agreements”) pursuant to a deed of agency and indemnity entered into by the Executive Director and the Company (“the Deed of Agency and Indemnity”);\n\n(c) The State for the purposes of promoting development in the Collie region and of promoting Western Australian exports agrees to assist the Company upon and subject to the terms of this Agreement.\n\nNOW THIS AGREEMENT WITNESSES:\n\nIntroduction of Bill\n\n1. The State shall introduce and sponsor a Bill in the Parliament of Western Australia to ratify this Agreement and endeavour to secure its passage as an Act prior to 31st December 1994 or such later date as the parties hereto may agree.\n\nCommencement and operation of agreement\n\n2. The provisions of this Agreement other than this clause 2 shall not commence to operate until the Bill referred to in clause 1 has been passed by the Parliament of Western Australia and comes into operation as an Act.\n\nCompany operations\n\n3. The Company in its operations in Western Australia shall comply with and observe the laws for the time being in force in Western Australia.\n\nUndertakings by the State\n\n4. During the term of this Agreement —\n\n(a) The State shall not expropriate or confiscate from the Company timber standing or felled produced by or on behalf of the Company under the Company’s timber sharefarming agreements or wood chips made from that timber;\n\n(b) The State shall not impose, nor shall it permit or authorise any of its agencies or instrumentalities or any local or other authority of the State to impose discriminatory taxes rates or charges of any nature whatsoever on or in respect of the Company’s timber sharefarming agreements the timber standing or felled produced thereunder or wood chips made from that timber;\n\n(c) The State shall not discriminate against the Company in processing the Company’s applications made in respect of its activities relating to the production of timber by or on behalf of the Company under the Company’s timber sharefarming agreements or made in respect of the processing thereof into wood chips;\n\n(d) The State shall not impose restrictions which prevent the export by the Company of timber produced under the Company’s timber sharefarming agreements;\n\n(e) Subject to relevant safety considerations the State shall not materially obstruct, nor shall it permit or authorise any of its agencies or instrumentalities or any local or other authority of the State materially to obstruct, the Company’s operations in respect of the Company’s timber sharefarming agreements or the transportation of the timber produced therefrom or processing for export or transportation of wood chips made from that timber; and\n\n(f) On request by the Company the State shall make representations to the Commonwealth or to the Commonwealth constituted agency authority or instrumentality concerned for the grant to the Company of any licence or consent under the laws of the Commonwealth necessary to enable or to permit the Company to export timber produced under the Company’s timber sharefarming agreements; and\n\n(g) The State shall not cause the Executive Director to breach either the Deed of Agency and Indemnity or the Company’s timber sharefarming agreements.\n\nVariation\n\n5. (1) The parties hereto may from time to time by agreement in writing add to substitute for cancel or vary all or any of the provisions of this Agreement for the purposes of more efficiently or satisfactorily implementing or facilitating any of the objects of this Agreement.\n\n(2) The Minister shall cause any agreement made pursuant to subclause (1) to be laid on the Table of each House of Parliament within twelve sitting days next following its execution.\n\n(3) Either House may, within twelve sitting days after the agreement has been laid before it, pass a resolution disallowing the agreement, but if after the last day on which the agreement might have been disallowed neither House has passed such a resolution, then the agreement shall have effect from and after that last day.\n\nTerm of Agreement\n\n6. This Agreement shall expire at such time as the Company ceases to have any rights or obligations under any of the Company’s timber sharefarming agreements, or on 30 June 2030, whichever is earlier.\n\nApplicable law\n\n7. This Agreement shall be interpreted according to the law for the time being in force in the State of Western Australia and the parties hereto irrevocably submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of Western Australia and to courts hearing appeals from those courts.\n\nEXECUTED by the parties.\n\n| SIGNED for and on behalf of the State of Western Australia by **THE HONOURABLE RICHARD FAIRFAX COURT** M.L.A., Premier in the presence of:<br>JANE LONGTON   _______________________________   Witness<br>197 ST GEORGES TERRACE   _______________________________   Address<br>PUBLIC SERVANT   _______________________________   Occupation | )   )   )   )   ) | R. F. COURT |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\n| THE COMMON SEAL of **HANSOL AUSTRALIA PTY. LIMITED** ACN 061 693 856 was hereunto affixed by authority of the Directors in the presence of:<br>MYOUNG KEUM LYU   _______________________________   Director<br>D. H. LEE   _______________________________   Director/Secretary | )   )   )   )   ) | C.S. |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\n\nNotes\n\n1 This is a compilation of the *Collie Hardwood Plantation Agreement Act 1995* and includes the amendments made by the other written laws referred to in the following table. The table also contains information about any reprint.\n\nCompilation table\n\n| **Short title** | | **Number and year** | | **Assent** | | **Commencement** | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| *Collie Hardwood Plantation Agreement Act 1995* | | 47 of 1995 | | 1 Nov 1995 | | 1 Nov 1995 (see s. 2) | |\n| **Reprint 1: The *Collie Hardwood Plantation Agreement Act 1995* as at 4 Apr 2003** | | | | | | | |\n| *Standardisation of Formatting Act 2010* s. 4 | 19 of 2010 | | 28 Jun 2010 | | 11 Sep 2010 (see s. 2(b) and *Gazette* 10 Sep 2010 p. 4341) | |\n","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"issue_detection":{"absurdities":[],"contradictions":[]},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"Unauthenticated. Configure AI_GATEWAY_API_KEY or use a provider module. Learn more: https://ai-sdk.dev/unauthenticated-ai-gateway","source":"analysis-cron"},"summary":{"complexity_score":1,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"Scope change cannot be determined as no legislative content was available for review. The page returned only a site maintenance notice with no substantive legal text, schedules, or amendments accessible for comparison against original legislative intent."},"complexity_factors":["No legislative text was retrievable — the source page has been decommissioned","Complexity cannot be meaningfully assessed without access to the Act's provisions, schedules, or any attached agreement","Score of 1 reflects absence of analysable content, not simplicity of the underlying law"],"plain_english_summary":"The Collie Hardwood Plantation Agreement Act 1995 (WA) appears to be a state law that gives legal effect to a specific agreement concerning hardwood plantation forestry in the Collie region. It would primarily affect forestry operators, landowners, workers and local communities and matters because it likely formalises rights, obligations and commercial arrangements for timber development.\n\nThe Act's text is currently unavailable online, so no detailed legal analysis can be provided without the actual legislative document."},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The legislation remains tightly focused on its original purpose: ratifying the specific 1994 agreement with Hansol for Collie hardwood plantations. The only amendment shown in the compilation table (Standardisation of Formatting Act 2010) was purely technical — updating formatting rather than expanding scope. The Act has not grown beyond its original intent of enabling this single commercial forestry project."},"complexity_factors":["Only 4 operative sections in the main Act (short title, commencement, interpretation, ratification)","Single defined term ('the Agreement') in the interpretation section","No cross-references to other Acts except a single mention of the Government Agreements Act 1979 and Conservation and Land Management Act 1984","The Schedule contains a straightforward commercial contract with 7 clauses, mostly in plain English","Simple conditional logic (clause 2: agreement doesn't start until Act passes; clause 6: expiry on earlier of two dates)","Parliamentary disallowance mechanism in clause 5(3) adds minor procedural complexity"],"plain_english_summary":"This legislation is a **Western Australian law that rubber-stamps a commercial deal** between the State Government and a Korean-owned company called Hansol Australia Pty. Ltd.\n\n**What it does:**\n- **Ratifies** (officially approves) a contract signed in January 1994 where Hansol agreed to establish large-scale hardwood plantations near Collie, Western Australia, to grow trees for pulpwood export.\n- **Authorises** the government to carry out its side of the deal.\n- **Gives the agreement special legal status** — it overrides other laws if there's a conflict.\n\n**Key promises in the contract:**\n- The State guarantees it won't seize Hansol's timber or wood chips.\n- The State promises not to discriminate against Hansol with special taxes, fees, or export restrictions.\n- The State must help Hansol get federal export licences if needed.\n- The State can't interfere with Hansol's operations or transport of goods.\n\n**Who it affects:**\n- **Hansol Australia** — gets secure rights to grow and export timber from state land.\n- **The WA Government** — is locked into supporting this specific company until 2030 or until Hansol's timber agreements end, whichever comes first.\n- **Local community and environment** — the deal enables large-scale plantation forestry in the Collie region, though environmental safeguards aren't detailed in this Act.\n\n**Why it matters:**\nThis is an example of a **\"state agreement\"** — a special legislative contract where Parliament passes a law to bind future governments to a commercial deal with a specific company. These agreements are controversial because they can tie the hands of future governments and give private companies rights that ordinary businesses don't get. The agreement can be varied by mutual consent, but Parliament has 12 sitting days to disallow any changes."},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The Act does not alter the original agreement’s substantive terms; it ratifies and authorises implementation of the Collie Hardwood Plantation Agreement as set out in Schedule 1. The Act also preserves the agreement’s built‑in variation mechanism (Schedule cl.5) and makes the Agreement operate despite inconsistent State laws (s.4(3)), but it does not expand the Agreement’s stated scope beyond those terms."},"complexity_factors":["Statute is short and single‑purpose (ratification/implementation) which reduces complexity, but creates legal force for a multi‑item commercial agreement (s.4, Schedule).","Agreement cross‑references other legislation and instruments (eg Conservation and Land Management Act 1984, Government Agreements Act 1979) which requires reading multiple texts to assess rights and obligations (Agreement recitals; s.4).","The Agreement contains State commitments affecting taxation, property, export and administrative processing—these interact with existing regulatory regimes and can create legal friction points (Schedule cl.4(a)–(g)).","Clause allowing the parties to vary the agreement by written instrument that may be disallowed by Parliament adds a secondary legislative process and parliamentary oversight layer (Schedule cl.5(1)–(3)).","Duration is contingent on external commercial rights (timber‑sharefarming agreements) or a calendar date, tying statutory effect to private contractual status and future factual developments (Schedule cl.6).","Provision that the Agreement operates despite any other Act or law centralises contractual priority but raises potential for constitutional or interjurisdictional complexity where Commonwealth law or other State laws interact (s.4(3); Schedule cl.4(f))."],"plain_english_summary":"This Act ratifies and authorises a 1994 agreement between the State of Western Australia and Hansol Australia Pty Ltd to establish large‑scale commercial hardwood plantations in the Collie region. It gives the agreement legal effect and authorises State implementation, permitting the agreement to operate despite other laws (s.4).\n\nThe agreement records State assurances to the Company (eg no expropriation; no discriminatory taxes; no export restrictions; assistance with Commonwealth licences) and runs until the Company’s timber‑sharefarming rights end or 30 June 2030 (Schedule cl.4,6)."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/collie-hardwood-plantation-agreement-act-1995","history":"/api/acts/collie-hardwood-plantation-agreement-act-1995/history","analysis":"/api/acts/collie-hardwood-plantation-agreement-act-1995/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/collie-hardwood-plantation-agreement-act-1995/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/collie-hardwood-plantation-agreement-act-1995/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/collie-hardwood-plantation-agreement-act-1995/documents"}}