{"id":"F2021L01680","name":"Civil Aviation Order (Flight Operations) Repeal and Amendment Instrument 2021 (No. 1)","slug":"civil-aviation-order-flight-operations-repeal-and-amendment-instrument-2021-no-1","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":102205,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2021L01680-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-03","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Civil Aviation Order (Flight Operations) Repeal and Amendment Instrument 2021 (No. 1)","content":"I, PHILIPPA JILLIAN SPENCE, Director of Aviation Safety, on behalf of CASA, make this instrument under paragraph 28BA (1) (b) and subsection 98 (4A) of the Civil Aviation Act 1988, regulations 11.160, 11.205 and 11.245 of the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998 and regulations 5, 38, 43, 50B and 235 and subregulations 151 (3), 174B (2), 175A (1), 207 (2), 209 (1), 215 (3), 217 (1), 250 (2) and (3) and 251 (3) of the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988.\n\n\\[Signed P. Spence\\]\n\nPip Spence  \nDirector of Aviation Safety\n\n30 November 2021\n\nCivil Aviation Order (Flight Operations) Repeal and Amendment Instrument 2021 (No. 1)\n\n1 Name of instrument\n\nThis instrument is the Civil Aviation Order (Flight Operations) Repeal and Amendment Instrument 2021 (No. 1).\n\n2 Commencement\n\nThis instrument commences on 2 December 2021.\n\n3 Interpretation\n\nA reference in this instrument to a Civil Aviation Order identified by a specified number is taken to include a reference to the section of the Civil Aviation Orders with that number.\n\n> Note Some existing legislative instruments are referred to as a Civil Aviation Order followed by a number. Other instruments are referred to as a section of the Civil Aviation Orders. For consistency, in this instrument, all such instruments are referred to as a Civil Aviation Order followed by a number. For example, a reference to Civil Aviation Order 82.7 is taken to include a reference to section 82.7 of the Civil Aviation Orders.\n\n4 Amendment of Civil Aviation Order 82.0\n\nSchedule 1 amends Civil Aviation Order 82.0 Instrument 2014.\n\n5 Amendment of Civil Aviation Order 82.1\n\nSchedule 2 amends Civil Aviation Order 82.1 – Conditions on Air Operators’ Certificates authorising charter operations and aerial work operations.\n\n6 Amendment of Civil Aviation Order 82.7\n\nSchedule 3 amends Civil Aviation Order 82.7 – Air Operators’ Certificates authorising aerial work operations and charter operations in balloons.\n\n7 Amendment of Civil Aviation Order 100.5\n\nSchedule 4 amends Civil Aviation Order 100.5 (General requirements in respect of maintenance of Australian aircraft) 2011.\n\n8 Amendment of Civil Aviation Order 100.7\n\nSchedule 5 amends Civil Aviation Order 100.7 Instrument 2015.\n\n9 Repeal\n\nEach instrument mentioned in Schedule 6 is repealed.\n\nSchedule 1 Amendment to Civil Aviation Order 82.0\n\n\\[1\\] Subsection 1D\n\nomit\n\n\\[2\\] Subsection 1\n\nomit\n\naerial work operations, charter operations and regular public transport operations\n\ninsert\n\nthe flying or operation of an aircraft for a purpose prescribed by regulation 206 of CAR\n\n\\[3\\] Paragraph 2.1\n\nA definition listed in an item in the following table is omitted\n\n| Item | Definition                                                        |\n| ---- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |\n| 1    | ACARS                                                             |\n| 2    | adequate aerodrome (including note)                               |\n| 3    | AEO                                                               |\n| 4    | aircraft                                                          |\n| 5    | approved AEO cruise speed (including notes)                       |\n| 6    | approved OEI cruise speed (including notes)                       |\n| 7    | CFSS                                                              |\n| 8    | check pilot                                                       |\n| 9    | CMP (including note)                                              |\n| 10   | cockpit documentation                                             |\n| 11   | configuration maintenance and procedures (CMP) standards document |\n| 12   | CTAF radio frequency                                              |\n| 13   | EDTO alternate aerodrome (including notes)                        |\n| 14   | EDTO entry point                                                  |\n| 15   | EDTO, or extended diversion time operation                        |\n| 16   | ground-based radiocommunication service                           |\n| 17   | high capacity aircraft                                            |\n| 18   | IAP                                                               |\n| 19   | ISA, or international standard atmosphere                         |\n| 20   | MEL                                                               |\n| 21   | minimum safe fuel                                                 |\n| 22   | night vision device, or NVD                                       |\n| 23   | non-controlled aerodrome                                          |\n| 24   | OEI                                                               |\n| 25   | OEM                                                               |\n| 26   | operational support personnel                                     |\n| 27   | passenger                                                         |\n| 28   | radiocommunication confirmation system                            |\n| 29   | remote island                                                     |\n| 30   | SATCOM                                                            |\n| 31   | TAWS-B+ system                                                    |\n| 32   | threshold time (including notes)                                  |\n\n\\[4\\] Paragraphs 2.1A to 2.5\n\nomit\n\n\\[5\\] Paragraph 3.1\n\nomit\n\ncharter, or regular public transport, operations\n\ninsert\n\nthe operation of a glider for the purpose prescribed by paragraph 206 (c) of CAR\n\n\\[6\\] Paragraph 3.2\n\nomit\n\ncharter, or regular public transport, operations\n\ninsert\n\nthe operation of a glider for the purpose prescribed by paragraph 206 (c) of CAR\n\n\\[7\\] Paragraph 3.3\n\nomit\n\ncharter, or regular public transport, operations\n\ninsert\n\nthe operation of a glider for the purpose prescribed by paragraph 206 (c) of CAR\n\n\\[8\\] Subsections 3A to 3E\n\nomit\n\n\\[9\\] Paragraph 4.1, note\n\nomit\n\n\\[10\\] Paragraph 5.1\n\nomit\n\nby this Part\n\ninsert\n\nby Civil Aviation Order 82.1 (CAO 82.1)\n\n\\[11\\] After 5.1\n\ninsert\n\n> Note 1 From 2 December 2021, CAO 82.1 only applies to operators holding an AOC authorising operation of a glider for the purpose prescribed by paragraph 206 (c) of CAR, that is, commercial glider passenger-carrying operations.\n\n> Note 2 From 2 December 2021, operators holding an AOC authorising operation of an aircraft for the purpose prescribed by paragraph 206 (b) of CAR (commercial Part 137 aerial application operations) are not required to have their Chief Pilot comply with Appendix 1. The requirements relating to the head of flight operations for such an operator are in Part 137 of CASR. See regulation 137.065 of CASR.\n\n\\[12\\] Subsections 7 to 10\n\nomit\n\n\\[13\\] Paragraph 11.1\n\nsubstitute\n\n11.1 If the pilot in command of an aircraft, operated under an AOC authorising operations for the purpose prescribed by paragraph 206 (b) of CAR, uses an EFB as a means of viewing or accessing authorised aeronautical information, the certificate authorising the operations is subject to the condition that the AOC holder must comply with, and ensure flight crew compliance with, the applicable requirements in Appendix 9.\n\n\\[14\\] Appendix 1, paragraph 2.2 (a)\n\nomit\n\nCivil Aviation Regulations 1998\n\ninsert\n\nCivil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998, the Manuals of Standards\n\n\\[15\\] Appendix 1, subclause 4.1\n\nomit\n\n\\[16\\] Appendix 1, Table A\n\nomit\n\n\\[17\\] Appendices 2 to 8C\n\nomit\n\n\\[18\\] Appendix 9, subclause 1.1, definition of electronic flight bag, paragraph (a)\n\nomit\n\nthe following apply\n\ninsert\n\nthe following, as in force immediately before 2 December 2021, would have applied\n\n\\[19\\] Appendix 9, subparagraph 1.3 (a) (i)\n\nsubstitute\n\n(i) is used to view authorised aeronautical information, but without the functionality to change any of that data; and\n\n\\[20\\] Appendix 9, paragraph 3.6 (b)\n\nsubstitute\n\n(b) paper versions of the authorised aeronautical information for the flight for which the EFB of the pilot in command was intended to be a substitute.\n\n\\[21\\] Appendix 9, subclause 5.4\n\nomit\n\n\\[22\\] Appendix 9, subclause 6.3\n\nsubstitute\n\n6.3 If the pilot in command of an aircraft uses a permitted EFB as a means of viewing some of the authorised aeronautical information, the training in the use of the EFB must ensure continuing flight crew proficiency in the non-EFB documents used to complement EFB use.\n\n\\[23\\] Appendix 9, subclause 6.5\n\nomit\n\nSchedule 2 Amendment to Civil Aviation Order 82.1\n\n\\[1\\] Instrument title\n\nomit\n\nCHARTER OPERATIONS AND AERIAL WORK OPERATIONS\n\ninsert\n\nCOMMERCIAL GLIDER PASSENGER OPERATIONS\n\n\\[2\\] Paragraph 1.1\n\nomit\n\ncharter operations and aerial work operations\n\ninsert\n\nthe operation of a glider for the purpose prescribed by paragraph 206 (c) of CAR\n\n\\[3\\] Paragraph 1.2\n\nomit\n\ncharter operations and aerial work operations\n\ninsert\n\nthe operation of a glider for the purpose prescribed by paragraph 206 (c) of CAR\n\n\\[4\\] After Subsection 1\n\ninsert\n\n1A Definition\n\n1A.1 In this section:\n\n> approved loading system means a system prepared by an operator in accordance with the requirements of Civil Aviation Order 100.7, and approved by CASA or the holder of an appropriate and valid Weight Control Authority for ensuring that an aircraft is loaded within approved limits at all times during flight.\n\n\\[5\\] After paragraph 2.4\n\ninsert\n\n2.4A Each operator must provide an operations manual for the use and guidance of the operations personnel of the operator.\n\n> Note Before 2 December 2021, this requirement was in subregulation 215 (1) of CAR.\n\n2.4B Each operator must ensure that the operations manual contains such information, procedures and instructions with respect to the flight operations of all types of aircraft operated by the operator as are necessary to ensure the safe conduct of the flight operations (other than information, procedures or instructions that are set out in other documents required to be carried in the aircraft under CAR and CASR).\n\n> Note Before 2 December 2021, this requirement was in subregulation 215 (2) of CAR.\n\n2.4C Each operator must revise the operations manual from time to time where necessary as the result of changes in the operator’s operations, aircraft or equipment, or in the light of experience.\n\n> Note Before 2 December 2021, this requirement was in subregulation 215 (5) of CAR.\n\n2.4D Each operator must ensure that all amendments to the operations manual are incorporated in all copies of the operations manual kept within the operator’s organisation and that copies of those amendments are forwarded to all persons to whom copies of the operations manual have been provided in accordance with paragraph 2.5.\n\n> Note Before 2 December 2021, this requirement was in subregulation 215 (8) of CAR.\n\n2.4E For regulation 11.245 of CASR, each member of the operations personnel of the operator must comply with all instructions contained in the operations manual insofar as they relate to the member’s duties or activities.\n\n> Note Before 2 December 2021, this requirement was in subregulation 215 (9) of CAR.\n\n2.4F The direction in paragraph 2.4E ceases to be in force at the end of 1 December 2031.\n\n\\[6\\] Paragraph 2.5\n\nomit\n\nFor the purposes of subregulations 215 (3) and (6) of the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988, each\n\ninsert\n\nEach\n\n\\[7\\] After subsection 2\n\ninsert\n\n2A Loading\n\n2A.1 Where an aircraft has an approved loading system, the operator and the pilot in command must ensure that the aircraft is loaded at all times in accordance with that system.\n\n> Note 1 Before 2 December 2021, this requirement was in subsection 3 of Civil Aviation Order 20.16.1.\n\n> Note 2 Civil Aviation Order 100.7 requires all aircraft, except balloons, to have a loading system unless it can be shown that the aircraft cannot possibly be loaded so that its centre of the gravity falls outside the approved range, observing all limitations on compartment loads.\n\n> Note 3 Some acceptable types of loading systems are given in the CASA publication titled Weight Control of Aircraft. Where the necessary limitations can be presented in placard form, such placards prominently displayed in the aircraft may be an acceptable type of loading system.\n\n2A.2 When passengers are carried, the operator or the operator’s representative must compile a passenger list and leave it for retention at the aerodrome of departure. The list must contain the aircraft registration, the names of passengers carried, the date and estimated time of departure, and the places of embarkation and destination.\n\n> Note Before 2 December 2021, this requirement was in subsection 7 of Civil Aviation Order 20.16.1.\n\n\\[8\\] Subsections 3 to 5\n\nomit\n\n\\[9\\] Paragraph 6.1\n\nomit\n\ncharter, or aerial work,\n\n\\[10\\] Paragraph 6.5, note\n\nomit\n\n\\[11\\] Appendix 1, subclause 1.2\n\nomit\n\n\\[12\\] Appendix 1, paragraph 2.1 (a)\n\nsubstitute\n\n(a) a copy of the Act, the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988, the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998 and those Parts of the Civil Aviation Orders and Manuals of Standards that apply to the operator’s operations; and\n\n\\[13\\] Appendix 1, paragraph 2.5 (b)\n\nomit\n\n\\[14\\] Appendix 1, paragraph 2.5 (c)\n\nomit\n\nsection 20.16.1\n\ninsert\n\nparagraph 2A.2\n\n\\[15\\] Appendix 1, paragraphs 2.5 (d) to (f)\n\nomit\n\n\\[16\\] Appendices 2 to 4\n\nomit\n\nSchedule 3 Amendment to Civil Aviation Order 82.7\n\n\\[1\\] Instrument title\n\nomit\n\nAERIAL WORK OPERATIONS AND CHARTER OPERATIONS IN BALLOONS\n\ninsert\n\nCOMMERCIAL BALLOON LICENCE OR RATING TRAINING\n\n\\[2\\] Paragraph 1.1\n\nomit\n\naerial work operations and charter operations in balloons\n\ninsert\n\nthe flying or operation of an aircraft for the purpose prescribed by paragraph 206 (a) of CAR\n\n\\[3\\] Paragraph 2.1, after definition of flight crew member\n\ninsert\n\n> Note This term has a meaning in this section that is different to the meaning of the term given by the Dictionary of CASR.\n\n\\[4\\] Paragraph 2.1, after definition of passenger\n\ninsert\n\n> Note This term has a meaning in this section that is different to the meaning of the term given by the Dictionary of CASR.\n\n\\[5\\] After paragraph 5.5\n\ninsert\n\n5.5A Each operator must provide an operations manual for the use and guidance of the operations personnel of the operator.\n\n> Note Before 2 December 2021, this requirement was in subregulation 215 (1) of CAR.\n\n5.5B Each operator must ensure that the operations manual contains such information, procedures and instructions with respect to the flight operations of all types of aircraft operated by the operator as are necessary to ensure the safe conduct of the flight operations (other than information, procedures or instructions that are set out in other documents required to be carried in the aircraft under CAR and CASR).\n\n> Note Before 2 December 2021, this requirement was in subregulation 215 (2) of CAR.\n\n5.5C Each operator must revise the operations manual from time to time where necessary as the result of changes in the operator’s operations, aircraft or equipment, or in the light of experience.\n\n> Note Before 2 December 2021, this requirement was in subregulation 215 (5) of CAR.\n\n5.5D Each operator must ensure that all amendments to the operations manual are incorporated in all copies of the operations manual kept within the operator’s organisation and that copies of those amendments are forwarded to all persons to whom copies of the operations manual have been provided in accordance with paragraph 5.6.\n\n> Note Before 2 December 2021, this requirement was in subregulation 215 (8) of CAR.\n\n5.5E For regulation 11.245 of CASR, each member of the operations personnel of the operator must comply with all instructions contained in the operations manual insofar as they relate to the member’s duties or activities.\n\n> Note Before 2 December 2021, this requirement was in subregulation 215 (9) of CAR.\n\n5.5F The direction in paragraph 5.5E ceases to be in force at the end of 1 December 2031.\n\n\\[6\\] Paragraph 5.6\n\nomit\n\nFor the purposes of subregulations 215 (3) and (6) of the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988, each\n\ninsert\n\nEach\n\n\\[7\\] Appendix 1, paragraph 2.1 (a)\n\nsubstitute\n\n(a) a copy of the Act, the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988, the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998 and those Parts of the Civil Aviation Orders and Manuals of Standards that apply to the operator’s operations; and\n\n\\[8\\] Appendix 1, paragraph 2.5 (b)\n\nomit\n\n\\[9\\] Appendix 2, paragraph 3.2 (a)\n\nsubstitute\n\n(a) ensuring that the operator’s flying operations are conducted in compliance with the Act, the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988, the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998, the Civil Aviation Orders and the Manuals of Standards;\n\n\\[10\\] Appendix 2, subclause 5.1\n\nomit\n\nhim or her\n\ninsert\n\nthe Chief Pilot\n\nSchedule 4 Amendment to Civil Aviation Order 100.5\n\n\\[1\\] Before section 1A, enacting words\n\nomit\n\nRegulations 1988.\n\ninsert\n\nRegulations 1988 and regulation 11.245 of the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998.\n\n\\[2\\] Subsection 2\n\ninsert\n\nPSEA means prescribed single-engine aeroplane: see subregulation 135.240 (3) of CASR.\n\n\\[3\\] Paragraph 2A.2\n\nsubstitute\n\n2A.2 For a regulation mentioned in paragraph 2A.5, night vision goggles (NVG) used in an aircraft is not an aircraft component within the meaning of subregulation 2 (1) of CAR if the NVG is maintained:\n\n(a) for a flight of an aircraft that is a Part 133 operation — in accordance with the requirements of section 11.63 of the Part 133 Manual of Standards;\n\n(b) for a flight of an aircraft that is not a Part 133 operation — in accordance with the requirements of section 26.78 of the Part 91 Manual of Standards.\n\n\\[4\\] Paragraph 2A.3\n\nomit\n\n\\[5\\] Subsection 10, including heading\n\nsubstitute\n\n10 Prescribed single‑engine aeroplanes (PSEA)\n\n10.1 For regulation 11.245 of CASR, the operator of an aeroplane must not operate the aeroplane as a PSEA unless the aeroplane complies with each of the requirements mentioned in Appendix 2 and:\n\n(a) is approved in writing by CASA as a PSEA in the STC, TAC or TC for the aeroplane; or\n\n(b) immediately before 2 December 2021, was approved in writing by CASA as an approved single engine turbine‑powered aeroplane (ASETPA) in the STC, TAC or TC for the aeroplane.\n\n10.2 The direction in paragraph 10.1 ceases to be in force at the end of 1 December 2031.\n\n\\[6\\] Appendix 2, heading\n\nsubstitute\n\nPrescribed single-engine aeroplanes (PSEA)\n\n\\[7\\] Appendix 2, Part 1, before clause 1, notes 1 and 2\n\nsubstitute\n\n> Note Paragraph 10.1 of this CAO requires an aeroplane operated as a PSEA to comply with each of the following requirements. Aircraft systems and equipment mentioned within these requirements must be approved under regulation 21.305 of CASR.\n\n\\[8\\] Appendix 2, Part 1, subclause 9.1, note\n\nomit\n\nASETPA approval.\n\ninsert\n\nPSEA inclusion on the TC, STC or TAC.\n\n\\[9\\] Appendix 2, Part 1, clause 13, including heading\n\nomit\n\n\\[10\\] Appendix 2, Part 2, note\n\nomit\n\nSchedule 5 Amendment to Civil Aviation Order 100.7\n\n\\[1\\] Before section 1A, enacting words\n\nomit\n\n1988 and subregulations 5 (1) and 235 (1)\n\ninsert\n\n1988, regulation 11.245 of the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998 and subregulation 5 (1) and regulation 235\n\n\\[2\\] Subparagraph 4.1A (d)\n\nomit\n\nsubregulation 262AP (3) of CAR\n\ninsert\n\nparagraphs 91.875 (2) (f) to (j) of CASR\n\n\\[3\\] Paragraph 5.1\n\nsubstitute\n\n5.1 For regulation 11.245 of CASR, where loading data prepared in accordance with this subsection for an aircraft is approved by CASA, the pilot in command of the aircraft must not commence a flight if the pilot has not received evidence, and taken such action as is necessary to ensure, that the data have been complied with.\n\n5.1A The direction in paragraph 5.1 ceases to be in force at the end of 1 December 2031.\n\n\\[4\\] Paragraph 7.1\n\nomit\n\nsubregulation 235 (1)\n\ninsert\n\nregulation 235\n\nSchedule 6 Repeal of instruments\n\n| Instrument                                                                                                                                           |\n| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n| Civil Aviation Order 82.3 Instrument 2004                                                                                                            |\n| Civil Aviation Amendment Order (No. R54) 2004                                                                                                        |\n| Civil Aviation Order 82.5 Instrument 2004                                                                                                            |\n| Civil Aviation Amendment Order (No. R55) 2004                                                                                                        |\n| Civil Aviation Order 82.6 (Night vision imaging system — helicopters) 2007                                                                           |\n| CASA 30/21 – Required Communication Performance and Required Surveillance Performance (RCP 240 and RSP 180) Capability Declarations – Direction 2021 |\n| CASA EX45/21 — ATSB Winching Operations Instrument 2021                                                                                              |","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":7,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"This instrument materially refocuses the scope of several CAOs and reallocates regulatory content. CAO 82.1 is narrowed to apply only to commercial glider passenger operations and CAO 82.7 is repurposed toward commercial balloon licence/rating training and certain balloon operations (Schedule 2 and 3). Numerous definitions and appendices are removed from CAO 82.0 (Schedule 1), and operational duties (for example, operations manual and loading requirements) are moved from the Civil Aviation Regulations into operation‑specific CAOs (Schedule 2 [5], Schedule 3 [5], Schedule 2 2A.1–2A.2). The instrument also creates or clarifies PSEA requirements tied to CASA approvals (Schedule 4). Taken together, these changes narrow some CAOs, relocate regulatory requirements, introduce new approval paths, and repeal older instruments (Schedule 6), representing a significant scope change from the previous, broader arrangement."},"complexity_factors":["Multiple CAOs amended across five Schedules (CAO 82.0, 82.1, 82.7, 100.5, 100.7)","Large deletions and removals of defined terms (Schedule 1, Paragraph 2.1: 32 listed definitions removed)","Multiple cross‑references to CAR and CASR provisions and Manuals of Standards (e.g., regulation 11.245 of CASR, paragraph 206 of CAR, regulation 235, etc.)","Several whole appendices and subclauses removed or substituted (Appendices 1–9 changes, multiple omissions)","Inserted new defined items and operational duties relocated from CAR into CAOs (operations manual requirements moved into CAO 82.1 and 82.7)","Introduction of new concept (PSEA) tied to certificate approvals and legacy approvals, with appendix requirements (Schedule 4)","Sunset clauses for multiple directions (several provisions expressly cease 1 December 2031), adding temporal conditionality","Repeal of multiple older instruments and CASA directions in Schedule 6, creating transitional mapping challenges","Conditional and operation‑specific substitutions (e.g., differing wording for gliders, balloons, Part 137 ops) increasing interpretive branches"],"plain_english_summary":"**What this instrument does (mechanically)\n\n- It amends several Civil Aviation Orders (CAOs) and repeals a handful of older CAOs and CASA direction instruments. The amendments take effect on 2 December 2021 (see Commencement). (See instrument heading and clauses 2, 4–9 and Schedules 1–6.)\n\n- It narrows the subject-matter of some CAOs so they apply only to narrower categories of operations:\n  - CAO 82.1 is rewritten so it applies only to commercial glider passenger operations (the operation of a glider for the purpose in paragraph 206(c) of the Civil Aviation Regulations (CAR)). (Schedule 2, items [1]–[3], [5]–[6].)\n  - CAO 82.7 is rewritten to cover commercial balloon licence or rating training and operations for the purpose in paragraph 206(a) of CAR. (Schedule 3, items [1]–[2].)\n\n- It removes a large number of definitions and whole appendices from CAO 82.0 and updates references to the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998 (CASR) and Manuals of Standards rather than older CAR citations. (Schedule 1, items [2]–[4], [16]–[18]; Appendix 9 changes at [18]–[22].)\n\n- It inserts and moves a number of operational duties and documentation requirements into the CAOs that previously lived in the Civil Aviation Regulations (CAR). For example, operators must provide and maintain an operations manual and include certain material in it; these duties are now specified in CAO 82.1 and CAO 82.7 (Schedule 2 [5] and Schedule 3 [5]). Those directions are expressly time-limited for some provisions (see sunset clauses described below).\n\n- It tightens or clarifies Electronic Flight Bag (EFB) rules in CAO 82.0 Appendix 9: an EFB may be used to view authorised aeronautical information but must not have functionality to change that data; pilots must retain proficiency with non-EFB documents; and in some cases paper backups are specified. (Schedule 1, items [18]–[22].)\n\n- It defines and prescribes requirements for \"Prescribed single‑engine aeroplanes (PSEA)\" for the purpose of CASR regulation 11.245 (Schedule 4, items [2], [5]–[9]). It ties PSEA status to CASA approval or legacy approvals and includes Appendix requirements (Schedule 4 [5]–[8]).\n\n- It adjusts CAO 100.7 (loading and weight control) to require that, where loading data approved by CASA exist, the pilot in command must not commence a flight unless they have evidence the data have been complied with; that direction has a sunset (ceases 1 December 2031) (Schedule 5 [3]).\n\n- It repeals several older CAOs and two CASA direction instruments (listed in Schedule 6).\n\nWho is affected\n\n- Air operators that hold Air Operator Certificates (AOCs) for the kinds of operations targeted: commercial glider passenger operators (CAO 82.1), commercial balloon training or balloon operations (CAO 82.7), and operators using single‑engine aeroplanes covered by CASR 11.245 (PSEA) (Schedule 2, Schedule 3, Schedule 4).\n\n- Pilots in command who use EFBs: new/clarified restrictions on EFB functionality and training expectations apply (Schedule 1, [18]–[22], [13]).\n\n- Operators required to have and maintain operations manuals (this text moves regulatory duties from CAR to the CAOs) must ensure manuals contain required material and that personnel comply with them (Schedule 2 [5], Schedule 3 [5]).\n\n- Operators who previously relied on now-repealed CAOs or CASA directions will need to follow the updated CAOs or relevant CASR provisions instead (Schedule 6).\n\nWhy it matters (stated purpose and practical implications)\n\n- The instrument appears designed to align the Civil Aviation Orders with the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations and to narrow or reorganise which CAOs apply to which operations. It moves some regulatory obligations (for example, the requirement to have an operations manual) out of the CAR text and into specific CAOs, and updates regulatory references to the CASR and Manuals of Standards (Schedule 1 [14], Schedule 2 [12], Schedule 3 [7]).\n\n- Practical effects and trade-offs to watch for:\n  - Compliance concentration: operators whose obligations were previously in general CAR provisions now have those duties spelled out in their operation‑specific CAOs (operations manuals, loading rules). That can make compliance more targeted (operators only need to follow the CAO that applies to their operation) but also requires affected operators to check the new CAO text carefully for differences. (Schedule 2 [5], Schedule 3 [5], Schedule 2 2A.1–2A.2.)\n  - Narrowing of CAOs (scope reduction) means some operators who previously looked to a broad CAO for rules must now rely on CASR or other instruments. This raises transitional and interpretation risk: operators and inspectors must confirm which instrument governs a particular operation. (Multiple Schedule items that substitute \"the operation of a glider…\" or similar.)\n  - Administrative/approval burden: PSEA status now requires CASA written approval in the type certificate (TC), supplemental type certificate (STC) or type acceptance certificate (TAC), or adherence to legacy ASETPA approvals (Schedule 4 [10.1]). That centralises decision-making with CASA and imposes a paperwork/approval path on affected aeroplane operators.\n  - Operational restrictions and training consequences: EFB use is limited to viewing authorised aeronautical information (no capability to change it) and training must preserve proficiency in paper or non-EFB documents (Schedule 1 [19], [22]). That may require operators to change EFB configurations and training programs, with costs for software/hardware changes and training updates.\n  - Time-limited directions (sunset): several new or moved directions cease to be in force at the end of 1 December 2031 (Schedule 2 2.4F, Schedule 3 5.5F, Schedule 4 10.2, Schedule 5 5.1A). Sunset clauses reduce permanent regulatory burden but create a future discontinuity risk unless re-enacted or replaced.\n  - Repeals: the repeal list (Schedule 6) removes older instruments that operators or inspectors might have previously relied on; users must consult the updated CAOs and CASR to confirm current obligations.\n\nWho pays, who decides, and what behaviour changes\n\n- Who pays: affected operators pay compliance costs — updating operations manuals, training materials, EFB configurations, loading systems documentation, and seeking CASA approvals for PSEA inclusion in TC/STC/TAC where necessary.\n\n- Who decides: CASA retains approval authority (e.g., for PSEA inclusion), and the CAOs assign obligations to operators and pilots in command (for loading, EFB use, and operations manuals). Regulatory decisions about detailed standards remain tied to CASR and Manuals of Standards in some places (Schedule 1 [14], Schedule 2 [12]).\n\n- Behavioural changes: operators will need to update manuals and procedures, ensure EFBs have limited functionality (view-only for certain data), preserve paper backups or non-EFB competence, and where required, obtain CASA approval for PSEA designation.\n\nImplementation risk, compliance burden and trade-offs\n\n- Implementation risk: transitional risk from reallocated rules and repeals — operators and inspectors must map old rules to the new arrangement to avoid non-compliance. Sunset dates create a future deadline for regulatory clarity.\n\n- Compliance burden: updating manuals, training and EFB configurations will impose one-off and ongoing costs. Centralised approvals for PSEA shift administrative burden to operators and CASA.\n\n- Trade-offs and opportunity costs: the instrument appears to prioritise clearer alignment with CASR and targeted CAOs at the cost of reworking operator compliance systems, potential short-term uncertainty, and the administrative work of obtaining approvals where necessary.\n\nKey textual hooks to consult directly (for operators or advisers)\n\n- Scope narrowing of CAO 82.1 and CAO 82.7: Schedule 2 and Schedule 3.\n- EFB rules and related training: Schedule 1 (Appendix 9 changes, items [18]–[22]).\n- PSEA requirements and link to CASR 11.245: Schedule 4 (items [5]–[9]).\n- Operations manual duties moved into CAOs: Schedule 2 [5], Schedule 3 [5].\n- Repealed instruments: Schedule 6.\n\n(References in parentheses are to the Schedule and item numbers in the instrument.)"},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"Unauthenticated. Configure AI_GATEWAY_API_KEY or use a provider module. Learn more: https://ai-sdk.dev/unauthenticated-ai-gateway","source":"analysis-cron"},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"The legislation has significantly narrowed in scope compared to the original CAOs. CAO 82.1 previously covered all charter and aerial work operations; it now only covers commercial glider passenger operations. CAO 82.7 previously covered all balloon charter and aerial work; it now only covers balloon licence/rating training. CAO 82.0 has been stripped of most operational requirements. This reflects a deliberate shift to move mainstream commercial operations under the new CASR Parts 91, 133, 135 and 137, leaving these CAOs as residual instruments for niche operations not yet fully transitioned or specifically exempted."},"complexity_factors":["Heavy cross-referencing between old CAR 1988, new CASR 1998, and multiple Parts (91, 133, 135, 137)","32 defined terms removed from CAO 82.0 alone, indicating dense prior definitional structure","Temporary provisions with sunset clauses (ceasing 1 December 2031) creating time-limited parallel obligations","Narrowing of scope requires understanding of regulatory transition from CAR to CASR Parts 91/133/135/137","Multiple schedules amending different instruments simultaneously (6 schedules affecting 5 CAOs plus repeals)","Substitution of terminology (ASETPA to PSEA) requiring knowledge of both old and new classification systems","Transitional notes explaining where old requirements were located (e.g., 'Before 2 December 2021, this was in subregulation 215(1) of CAR')","Conditional application based on aircraft type (gliders, balloons, single-engine turboprops) and operation type"],"plain_english_summary":"This is a housekeeping measure by CASA that pares back old Civil Aviation Orders so they only cover a few niche activities—mainly commercial glider passenger flights and commercial balloon licence/rating training—and updates maintenance and loading references to the modern CASR framework (including replacing ASETPA with PSEA).  \n\nIt affects glider and balloon training operators, single‑engine turbine aeroplane operators, and anyone relying on outdated CAOs, reducing overlap and confusion as Australia shifts from the 1988 CAR to the CASR regime."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/civil-aviation-order-flight-operations-repeal-and-amendment-instrument-2021-no-1","history":"/api/acts/civil-aviation-order-flight-operations-repeal-and-amendment-instrument-2021-no-1/history","analysis":"/api/acts/civil-aviation-order-flight-operations-repeal-and-amendment-instrument-2021-no-1/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/civil-aviation-order-flight-operations-repeal-and-amendment-instrument-2021-no-1/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/civil-aviation-order-flight-operations-repeal-and-amendment-instrument-2021-no-1/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/civil-aviation-order-flight-operations-repeal-and-amendment-instrument-2021-no-1/documents"}}