{"id":"wa-local:swan-city-of-city-of-swan-parking-local-law-2023","name":"City of Swan Parking Local Law 2023","slug":"city-of-swan-parking-local-law-2023","collection":"local_law","jurisdiction":"wa","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":438966,"registerId":"wa-local:swan-city-of-city-of-swan-parking-local-law-2023-pdf-1775955168866","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-12","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"City of Swan Parking Local Law 2023","content":"1863\nISSN 2204-4264 (online)\nPERTH, MONDAY, 19 JUNE 2023 No. 79 SPECIAL\nPUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY GEOFF O. LAWN, GOVERNMENT PRINTER\n© STATE OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA\nLOCAL GOVERNMENT ACT 1995\n_________\nCITY OF SWAN\n———————————\nPARKING LOCAL LAW 2023\n\n\n\n19 June 2023 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 1865\nLOCAL GOVERNMENT ACT 1995\nCITY OF SWAN\nPARKING LOCAL LAW 2023\nCONTENTS\nPART 1—PRELIMINARY\n1.1 Citation\n1.2 Commencement\n1.3 Consolidated Local Laws 2005 amended\n1.4 Application\n1.5 Interpretation\n1.6 Application of particular definitions\n1.7 Pre-existing signs\n1.8 Classes of vehicles\n1.9 Part of thoroughfare to which sign applies\n1.10 Powers of the local government\nPART 2—PARKING BAYS AND PARKING STATIONS\n2.1 Determination of parking bays and parking stations\n2.2 Parking on thoroughfares\n2.3 Parking prohibitions and restrictions\n2.4 Parking where fees are payable\n2.5 Methods of payment\n2.6 Use of counterfeit or altered parking tickets\n2.7 Hooded ticket issuing machines\nPART 3—PARKING GENERALLY\n3.1 Restrictions on parking in particular areas\n3.2 Parking vehicle on a carriageway\n3.3 When parallel and right-angled parking apply\n3.4 When angle parking applies\n3.5 General prohibitions on parking\n3.6 Authorised person may order vehicle on thoroughfare to be moved\n3.7 Authorised person\n3.8 Restrictions on avoiding time limitations\n3.9 No parking of vehicles exposed for sale and in other circumstances\n3.10 Parking on private land\n3.11 Parking on reserves\n3.12 Event Parking\nPART 4—PARKING AND STOPPING GENERALLY\n4.1 No stopping and no parking signs, and yellow edge lines\n4.2 Stopping at intersections\nPART 5—STOPPING IN ZONES FOR PARTICULAR VEHICLES\n5.1 Stopping in a loading zone\n5.2 Stopping in a taxi zone or a bus zone\n5.3 Stopping in a mail zone\n5.4 Other limitations in zones\nPART 6—OTHER PLACES WHERE STOPPING IS RESTRICTED\n6.1 Stopping in a shared zone\n6.2 Double parking\n6.3 Stopping near an obstruction\n6.4 Stopping in a bus lane, transit lane or truck lane\n6.5 Stopping on a bridge, ramp or in a tunnel\n6.6 Stopping on crests, curves, etc.\n6.7 Stopping near a fire hydrant etc.\n6.8 Stopping at or near a bus stop\n\n1866 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 19 June 2023\n6.9 Stopping on a path, median strip, traffic island, painted island or dividing strip\n6.10 Stopping on a verge\n6.11 Stopping in a road side rest area\n6.12 Stopping on a carriageway—heavy and long vehicles\n6.13 Stopping on a carriageway with motor cycle parking sign\n6.14 Stopping in a closed area\nPART 7—PERMITS\n7.1 Determination of classes of parking permits\n7.2 Application for parking permit\n7.3 Issue of parking permit\n7.4 Exemption for permit holders\n7.5 When permit ceases to be valid\n7.6 Use of counterfeit or altered parking permit\n7.7 Revoking a permit\n7.8 Removal of invalid permit from vehicle\n7.9 Parking facilities where permit required\nPART 8—MISCELLANEOUS\n8.1 Impersonating an authorised person\n8.2 Obstructing an authorised person\n8.3 Removal of notices from a vehicle\n8.4 Unauthorised signs and defacing signs\n8.5 Signs must be complied with\n8.6 General provisions about signs\n8.7 Special purpose and emergency vehicles\n8.8 Vehicles not to obstruct a public place\nPART 9—PENALTIES\n9.1 Offences and penalties\n9.2 Form of notices\nSCHEDULE 1—PRESCRIBED OFFENCES\n\n19 June 2023 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 1867\nLOCAL GOVERNMENT ACT 1995\nCITY OF SWAN\nPARKING LOCAL LAW 2023\nUnder the powers conferred by the Local Government Act 1995 and under all other powers enabling it,\nthe Council of the City of Swan resolved on 12 April 2023 to make the following local law.\nPART 1—PRELIMINARY\n1.1 Citation\nThis local law may be cited as the City of Swan Parking Local Law 2023.\n1.2 Commencement\nThis local law comes into operation on 1 July 2023.\n1.3 Consolidated Local Laws 2005 amended\nThe City of Swan Consolidated Local Laws 2005 as published in the Government Gazette on\n16 February 2005 and as amended in the Government Gazette on 19 September 2008, 22 January 2010\nand 27 January 2023 are amended as follows—\n(a) Part 8—Parking and Parking Facilities is deleted;\n(b) Schedules 8.1 to 8.5 inclusive are deleted; and\n(c) references to Part 8 and Schedules 8.1 to 8.5 in the Table of Contents are deleted.\n1.4 Application\n(1) Except as set out in this clause, this local law applies to the parking region.\n(2) This local law does not apply to a parking facility or a parking station that is not occupied by the\nlocal government, unless the local government and the owner or occupier of that facility or station have\nagreed in writing that this local law will apply to that facility or station.\n(3) The agreement referred to in subclause (2) may be made on such terms and conditions as the parties\nmay agree.\n(4) The provisions of this local law do not apply to a bicycle parked at a bicycle rail or bicycle rack.\n1.5 Interpretation\n(1) In this local law, unless the context otherwise requires—\nAct means the Local Government Act 1995;\nauthorised person means a person appointed by the local government under section 9.10 of the\nAct to perform any of the functions of an authorised person under this local law;\nauthorised vehicle means a vehicle authorised by the local government or an authorised person\nunder this local law or by another written local law to park on (or on part of) a thoroughfare or\nparking facility;\nbicycle has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nbuilt-up area has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nbus has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nbus embayment has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nbus stop has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nbus zone has the meaning given to it by the Code;\ncaravan has the meaning given to it by the Caravan Parks and Camping Grounds Act 1995;\ncarriageway has the meaning given to it by the Code;\ncentre has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nchildren's crossing has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nCEO means the Chief Executive Officer of the local government;\nCode means the Road Traffic Code 2000;\ncommercial vehicle means a motor vehicle constructed for the conveyance of goods or\nmerchandise, or for the conveyance of materials used in any trade, business, industry or work\nwhatsoever, other than a motor vehicle for the conveyance of passengers, and includes any\nmotor vehicle that is designed primarily for the carriage of persons, but which has been fitted\nor adapted for the conveyance of the goods, merchandise or materials referred to, and is in fact\nused for that purpose;\nCouncil means the Council of the local government;\ncrossover means an area of the verge, constructed and used for the purpose of enabling a vehicle\nto access the adjacent property;\n\n1868 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 19 June 2023\ndisability parking permit has the meaning given to it in the Local Government (Parking for\nPeople with Disabilities) Regulations 2014;\ndistrict means the district of the local government;\ndividing line has the meaning given to it by the Code;\ndividing strip has the meaning given to it by the Code;\ndriver means any person driving or in control of a vehicle;\nedge line has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nemergency vehicle has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nfootpath has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nintersection has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nloading zone has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nlocal government means the City of Swan;\nmail zone has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nmedian strip has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nmotor cycle has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nmotor vehicle means a self-propelled vehicle that is not operated on rails; and the expression\nincludes a trailer, semi-trailer or caravan while attached to a motor vehicle, but does not\ninclude a power assisted pedal cycle;\nno parking area means a portion of a carriageway or any other land to which a \"no parking sign\"\napplies which—\n(a) lies beyond the sign;\n(b) lies between that sign and either the next sign beyond that sign or a dead end or an area\nin which parking is prohibited and that lies in the general direction indicated by an arrow\ninscribed on the sign; and\n(c) is on that side of the thoroughfare nearest to the sign.\nno parking sign means a sign with the words 'no parking' in red letters on a white background,\nor the letter 'P' within a red annulus and a red diagonal line across it on a white background;\nno stopping area means a portion of a carriageway or any other land to which a \"no stopping sign\"\napplies which—\n(a) lies beyond the sign;\n(b) lies between that sign and either the next sign beyond that sign or a dead end or an area\nin which stopping is prohibited and that lies in the general direction indicated by an\narrow inscribed on the sign; and\n(c) is on that side of the thoroughfare nearest to the sign.\nno stopping sign means a sign with the words 'no stopping' or 'no standing' in red letters on a\nwhite background, or the letter 'S' within a red annulus and a red diagonal line across it on a\nwhite background;\nobstruction has the meaning given to it by the Code;\noccupier has the meaning given to it by the Act;\nowner where used in relation to—\n(a) a vehicle licensed under the Road Traffic Act, means the person in whose name the\nvehicle has been registered under that Act;\n(b) any other vehicle, means the person who owns, or is entitled to possession of the vehicle;\nand\n(c) land, has the meaning given to it by the Act;\npainted island has the meaning given to it by the Code;\npark has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nparking bay means a section or part of a parking station which is marked or defined by painted\nlines, metallic studs, coloured bricks or pavers or similar devices, for the purpose of indicating\nwhere a vehicle may park;\nparking facility means any land, buildings, shelters, parking bays, parking station or other\nfacility open to the public generally for the parking of vehicles;\nparking permit means a permit issued under this local law;\nparking region means the whole of the district except—\n(a) the approach and departure prohibition areas of all existing and future traffic control\nsignal installations as determined by the Commissioner of Main Roads;\n(b) the prohibition areas that apply to all existing and future bridges and subways as\ndetermined by the Commissioner of Main Roads; and\n(c) any road which comes under the control of the Commissioner of Main Roads unless the\ncontrol of parking and parking facilities on that road is carried out subject to the control\nand direction of the Commissioner of Main Roads or has been delegated by the\nCommissioner to the local government.\n\n19 June 2023 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 1869\nparking station means any land, building or other structure provided for the purpose of stopping\nor parking of vehicles, whether or not a fee is charged;\nparking ticket means a ticket, whether printed or electronic, that—\n(a) is issued from a ticket issuing machine;\n(b) authorises the parking of a vehicle in a parking bay or a parking facility or part of a\nparking facility; and\n(c) includes the date and time that the authorisation expires;\npath has the meaning given to it by the Code;\npedestrian crossing has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nproperty line means the boundary between the land comprising a road and the land that abuts\nthe road;\npublic place means any place to which the public has access whether or not that place is on private\nproperty;\nreserve means any land—\n(a) which belongs to the local government;\n(b) of which the local government is the management body under the Land Administration\nAct 1997; or\n(c) which is an \"otherwise unvested facility\" as defined in section 3.53(1) of the Act;\nroad has the meaning given to it by the Road Traffic (Administration) Act 2008;\nRoad Traffic Act means the Road Traffic Act 1974;\nroad side rest area has the meaning given to it in the Caravan Parks and Camping Grounds\nRegulations 1997;\nSchedule means a Schedule to this local law;\nshared zone has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nsign includes a traffic sign, sign, inscription, mark, structure or other device approved by the local\ngovernment on which may be shown words, numbers, expressions or symbols for the purpose\nof prohibiting, regulating, guiding, directing or restricting the stopping or parking of vehicles;\nspecial purpose vehicle has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nstop has the meaning given to it by the Code;\ntaxi has the meaning given to it by the Code;\ntaxi zone has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nthoroughfare has the meaning given to it in the Act;\nticket issuing machine means a machine or device, authorised by the local government, which\nissues a parking ticket, whether or not the payment of a fee is required;\ntraffic island has the meaning given to it by the Code;\ntraffic sign has the meaning given to it by the Code;\ntrailer has the meaning given to it by the Code;\nunattended, in relation to a vehicle, means that the person has left the vehicle so that the driver\nis no more than 3 meters from the closest point of the vehicle;\nvalve stem reading means a method of recording the position of the tyre valve in relation to the\nkerb or road surface;\nvehicle has the meaning given to it in the Road Traffic (Administration) Act 2008; and\nverge means the portion of a thoroughfare which lies between the boundary of a carriageway and\nthe adjacent property line but does not include a footpath. Where there is no clear delineation\nbetween a footpath and a verge, the area is taken to be a verge.\n1.6 Application of particular definitions\n(1) For the purposes of the application of the definitions 'no parking area' and 'no stopping area', an\narrow inscribed on a traffic sign erected at an angle to the boundary of the carriageway is deemed to be\npointing in the direction in which it would point, if the signs were turned at an angle of less than\n90 degrees until parallel with the boundary.\n(2) Where a term is used but is not defined in the Act or this local law and that term is defined in the\nRoad Traffic Act or in the Code then, unless the context requires otherwise, the term is to have the\nmeaning given in the Road Traffic Act or the Code.\n1.7 Pre-existing signs\n(1) A sign that—\n(a) was erected by the local government or the Commissioner of Main Roads Western Australia\nprior to the commencement of this local law; and\n(b) relates to the stopping or parking of vehicles within the parking region,\nis deemed for the purposes of this local law to have been erected by the local government under the\nauthority of this local law.\n\n1870 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 19 June 2023\n(2) An inscription or a symbol on a sign referred in in subclause (1) operates and has effect according to\nits tenor, and where the inscription or symbol relates to the stopping or parking of vehicles, it is to be\ntaken to operate and have effect as if it related to the parking of vehicles.\n1.8 Classes of vehicles\nFor the purposes of this local law, vehicles are divided into classes as follows—\n(a) buses;\n(b) commercial vehicles;\n(c) motor cycles and bicycles;\n(d) taxi; and\n(e) all other vehicles.\n1.9 Part of thoroughfare to which sign applies\n(1) This clause does not apply to a \"no parking area\" or \"no stopping area\".\n(2) Where under this local law the stopping or parking of a vehicle in a thoroughfare is controlled by a\nsign, the sign must be read as applying to that part of the road which—\n(a) lies beyond the sign;\n(b) lies between that sign and the next sign beyond that sign; and\n(c) is on that side of the thoroughfare nearest to the sign.\n1.10 Powers of the local government\nThe local government may prohibit or regulate by signs or otherwise, the stopping or parking of any\nvehicle or any class of person or vehicle, or both, but must do so consistently with the provisions of this\nlocal law.\nPART 2—PARKING BAYS AND PARKING STATIONS\n2.1 Determination of parking bays and parking stations\n(1) The local government, by resolution, may constitute, determine and vary—\n(a) parking bays;\n(b) parking stations;\n(c) permitted times and conditions of stopping and parking in parking bays and parking stations\nwhich may vary with the locality;\n(d) permitted classes of persons which may stop or park in parking bays and parking stations and\ntheir vehicles;\n(e) permitted classes of vehicles which may stop or park in specified parking bays or parking\nstations; and\n(f) the manner of stopping and parking in parking bays and parking stations.\n(2) Where the local government makes a determination under subclause (1) it must erect one or more\nsigns to give effect to the determination.\n2.2 Parking on thoroughfares\n(1) Subject to subclause (2), (3) and (4), a person must not park a vehicle in a parking bay on a\nthoroughfare otherwise than—\n(a) parallel to and as close to the kerb as is practicable;\n(b) wholly within the bay; and\n(c) headed in the direction of the movement of traffic on the side of the thoroughfare in which the\nbay is situated.\n(2) Subject to subclause (3), where a parking bay on a thoroughfare is set out otherwise than parallel\nto the kerb, then a person must park a vehicle in that bay wholly within it.\n(3) If a vehicle is too long or too wide to fit completely within a single parking bay, then the person\nparking the vehicle must do so within the minimum number of parking bays needed to park that\nvehicle.\n(4) A person must not park a vehicle partly within and partly outside a parking facility on a\nthoroughfare.\n2.3 Parking prohibitions and restrictions\n(1) A person must not—\n(a) park a vehicle so as to obstruct an entrance to, or an exit from a parking station, or an access\nway within a parking station;\n(b) except with the written permission of the local government or an authorised person, park a\nvehicle on any part of a parking station contrary to a sign referable to that part;\n(c) permit a vehicle to park on any part of a parking station after being directed by an authorised\nperson to move the vehicle;\n(d) park or attempt to park a vehicle in a parking bay in which another vehicle is parked; or\n(e) park a vehicle other than wholly within a parking bay within a parking station.\n\n19 June 2023 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 1871\n(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of subclause (1)(b) a person may park a vehicle in a parking bay or\nstation (except in a parking bay or station for persons with a disability) for an extended length of time,\nin accordance with regulation 174(2) of the Code, provided that—\n(a) the vehicle displays a disability parking permit; and\n(b) a person with a disability to which the disability parking permit relates is either the driver of\nthe vehicle or a passenger in the vehicle.\n(3) Notwithstanding the provisions of subclause (1)(e), if a vehicle is too long or too wide to fit completely\nwithin a single parking bay, the vehicle must be parked within the minimum number of parking bays\nneeded to park that vehicle.\n2.4 Parking where fees are payable\nA person must not park a vehicle or permit a vehicle to remain parked in a parking station or parking\nfacility where a sign indicates that a fee is payable for parking unless—\n(a) the vehicle is parked in compliance with any instructions on or with the sign or ticket issuing\nmachine;\n(b) the necessary fee is paid for each parking bay that the vehicle occupies; and\n(c) a parking ticket has been issued for the parked vehicle and in the case of a printed parking\nticket, the unexpired ticket is placed inside the vehicle in a position where the ticket is clearly\nvisible and all details are able to be read by an authorised person from outside and from the\nfront of the vehicle at all times while that vehicle remains stopped or parked in that parking\nstation or parking facility.\n2.5 Methods of payment\n(1) The local government may introduce and apply methods of payment for parking fees which may\ninclude but not be limited to payment by—\n(a) Australian currency including coins and or bank notes;\n(b) credit or debit card; or\n(c) any other method of payment approved by the local government.\n(2) The local government may introduce various paid parking processes which may include but are not\nlimited to the following—\n(a) ticket parking;\n(b) pay by vehicle registration number;\n(c) pay by parking bay; or\n(d) pay on foot.\n2.6 Use of counterfeit or altered parking tickets\nA person must not—\n(a) park a vehicle in a parking station which requires a parking ticket, if there is displayed in that\nvehicle so as to be visible from outside the vehicle, a parking ticket which has been\ncounterfeited, altered, obliterated or interfered with; or\n(b) produce to an authorised person who accepts payment for parking, a parking ticket which has\nbeen counterfeited, altered, obliterated or interfered with.\n2.7 Hooded ticket issuing machines\nUnless authorised by the local government a person must not park a vehicle or permit a vehicle to\nremain parked in a parking station or parking facility if the ticket issuing machine is hooded with a\ncover bearing the words \"No Parking\", \"Reserved Parking\", \"Temporary Bus Stop\" or with an equivalent\nsymbol depicting one of these purposes or any other words or symbols that indicate parking is not\npermitted within the parking station or parking facility including temporary signage.\nPART 3—PARKING GENERALLY\n3.1 Restrictions on parking in particular areas\n(1) Subject to subclause (2), a person must not park a vehicle in a thoroughfare or part of a thoroughfare,\nor part of a parking facility—\n(a) if, by a sign, it is set apart for the parking of vehicles of a different class;\n(b) if, by a sign, it is set apart for the parking of vehicles by persons of a different class; or\n(c) during any period when the parking of vehicles is prohibited by a sign.\n(2) (a) This subclause applies to a person if—\n(i) the vehicle displays a disability parking permit; and\n(ii) a person with a disability to which the disability parking permit relates is either the\ndriver of the vehicle or a passenger in the vehicle.\n(b) A person may park a vehicle in a thoroughfare or a part of a thoroughfare or part of a parking\nstation, except in a thoroughfare or a part of a thoroughfare or part of a parking station to\nwhich a disabled parking sign relates, in accordance with regulation 174(2) of the Code.\n(3) A person must not park a vehicle—\n(a) in a no parking area;\n\n1872 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 19 June 2023\n(b) in a parking facility, except in accordance with both the signs associated with the parking\nfacility and this local law; or\n(c) in a bay marked 'M/C' unless it is a motor cycle without a sidecar or a trailer, or it is a bicycle.\n(4) A person must not park a vehicle or permit a vehicle to remain parked in a parking facility controlled\nby a sign stating 'Authorised Vehicles Only', without—\n(a) a valid permit issued by the local government and displayed inside the vehicle that must be\ndisplayed in a prominent position, in such a manner as to be clearly visible from the front of\nthe vehicle; or\n(b) prior written permission of the local government, the CEO, or an authorised person to park\nwithin the area has been obtained and the written permission is displayed in a prominent\nposition, in such a manner as to be clearly visible from the front of the vehicle to indicate it has\nauthorisation to park.\n3.2 Parking vehicle on a carriageway\n(1) A person parking a vehicle on a carriageway other than in a parking bay must park it—\n(a) in the case of a two-way carriageway, so that it is as near as practicable to and parallel with,\nthe left boundary of the carriageway and headed in the direction of the movement of traffic on\nthe side of the carriageway on which the vehicle is parked;\n(b) in the case of a one-way carriageway, so that it is as near as practicable to and parallel with\nthe left or right boundary of the carriageway and headed in the direction of the movement of\ntraffic;\n(c) so that at least 3 metres of the width of the carriageway lies between the vehicle and the farther\nboundary of the carriageway, or any continuous dividing line or median strip, or between the\nvehicle and a vehicle parked on the farther side of the carriageway;\n(d) so that the front and the rear of the vehicle respectively is not less than 1 metre from any other\nvehicle, except a motor cycle without a trailer, or a bicycle parked in accordance with this local\nlaw; and\n(e) so that it does not obstruct any vehicle on the carriageway, unless otherwise indicated on a sign\nor markings on the carriageway.\nunless otherwise indicated on a parking regulation sign or markings on the roadway.\n(2) In this clause 'continuous dividing line' means—\n(a) a single continuous dividing line only;\n(b) a single continuous dividing line to the left or right of a broken dividing line; or\n(c) 2 parallel continuous dividing lines.\n3.3 When parallel and right-angled parking apply\nWhere a sign referring to a parking facility is not inscribed with the words 'angle parking', then unless\na sign associated with the parking facility indicates, or marks on the carriageway indicate, that vehicles\nmust park in a different position, where the parking facility is—\n(a) adjacent to the boundary of a carriageway, a person parking a vehicle in the parking facility\nmust park it as near as practicable to and parallel with that boundary; and\n(b) at or near the centre of the carriageway, a person parking a vehicle in that parking facility\nmust park it at approximately right angles to the centre of the carriageway.\n3.4 When angle parking applies\n(1) This clause does not apply to—\n(a) a passenger vehicle or a commercial vehicle with a mass including any load, of over 3 tonnes;\nor\n(b) a person parking a motor cycle without a trailer.\n(2) Where a sign associated with a parking facility is inscribed with the words 'angle parking', a person\nparking a vehicle in the parking facility must park or stop the vehicle at an angle of approximately\n45 degrees to the centre of the carriageway unless otherwise indicated by the inscription on the sign or\nby marks on the carriageway.\n3.5 General prohibitions on parking\n(1) (a) This clause does not apply to a vehicle parked in a parking bay.\n(b) Subclauses (2)(c), (f) and (h) do not apply to a vehicle which parks in a bus embayment.\n(2) A person must not park a vehicle so that any portion of the vehicle is—\n(a) on or adjacent to a median strip;\n(b) obstructing a right of way, passage, private drive, carriageway or a crossover or park so close\nto deny a vehicle reasonable access to or egress from the right of way, passage, private drive,\ncarriageway or a crossover;\n(c) alongside or opposite any excavation, works, hoarding, scaffolding or obstruction on the\ncarriageway, if the vehicle would thereby obstruct traffic;\n(d) in a location where it is likely to obstruct line of sight along a thoroughfare, is a safety concern\nor hazard or an obstruction to any person or vehicle;\n(e) on or within 10 metres of any portion of a carriageway bounded on one or both sides by a traffic\nisland;\n\n19 June 2023 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 1873\n(f) on any path or pedestrian crossing;\n(g) between the boundaries of a carriageway and any double longitudinal line consisting of two\ncontinuous lines or between a double longitudinal line consisting of a continuous line and a\nbroken or dotted line and the boundary of a carriageway nearer to the continuous line, unless\nthere is a distance of at least 3 metres clear between the vehicle and the double longitudinal\nline;\n(h) within 1 metre of a fire hydrant or fire plug, or of any sign or mark indicating the existence of\na fire hydrant or fire plug;\n(i) within 3 metres of a public letter box, unless the person is dropping off or picking up passengers\nor mail;\n(j) within 10 metres of the prolongation of the nearer edge of any carriageway intersecting a\ncarriageway on the side on which the vehicle is parked;\n(k) within 20 metres of the approach side or within 10 metres of the departure side of a sign\ninscribed with the words \"Bus Stop\" or \"Hail Bus Here\" (or with equivalent symbols depicting\nthese purposes) unless the vehicle is a bus stopped to take up or set down passengers;\n(l) within 20 metres of the approach side or within 10 metres of the departure side of a children's\ncrossing or pedestrian crossing; or\n(m) within 20 metres of either the approach side or the departure side of the nearest rail of a\nrailway level crossing,\nunless a sign or markings on the carriageway indicate otherwise.\n3.6 Authorised person may order vehicle on thoroughfare to be moved\nA person must not park vehicle on any part of a thoroughfare in contravention of this local law after an\nauthorised person has directed the person to move it.\n3.7 Authorised person\n(1) An authorised person—\n(a) may mark the tyres of a vehicle parking in a parking facility with chalk or any other non-\nindelible substance for a purpose connected with or arising out of their duties or powers;\n(b) take a valve stem reading of a vehicle;\n(c) record vehicle registration numbers; and\n(d) place a notice or parking fact sheet upon a vehicle.\n(2) A person must not remove a mark made by an authorised person so that the purpose of affixing such\na mark is defeated or likely to be defeated.\n(3) An authorised person may in the course of performing their duties park contrary to the provisions\nof a sign for the minimum amount of time to complete those duties.\n3.8 Restrictions on avoiding time limitations\n(1) Where the parking of vehicles in a parking facility is permitted for a limited time, a person must not\nmove a vehicle within the parking facility so that the total time of parking exceeds the maximum time\nallowed for parking in the parking facility on any day.\n(2) Where the parking of vehicles in a thoroughfare is permitted for a limited time, a person must not\nmove a vehicle along a section of thoroughfare so that the total time of parking exceeds the maximum\ntime permitted, unless the vehicle has first been removed from the thoroughfare for at least 2 hours.\n(3) Where, in a parking facility or thoroughfare—\n(a) the parking of a vehicle is prohibited unless a ticket from a ticket issuing machine is obtained;\nand\n(b) a period of free parking is permitted before a fee for parking applies,\nmore than one free ticket for the same vehicle in that parking facility or thoroughfare must not be\nobtained, used or displayed within that vehicle, at any time within the same day.\n(4) For the purposes of subclause (2), a section of thoroughfare ends and another begins wherever an\nintersecting carriageway occurs.\n3.9 No parking of vehicles exposed for sale and in other circumstances\nA person must not park or permit a vehicle to be parked on any portion of a thoroughfare or parking\nfacility—\n(a) for the purpose of exposing it for sale or hire;\n(b) if that vehicle is not licensed under the Road Traffic Act 1974 or a corresponding law of another\nState or Territory or of the Commonwealth;\n(c) if that vehicle is a boat, trailer or caravan unattached to a motor vehicle;\n(d) for the purpose of servicing or cleaning it;\n(e) for the purpose of effecting repairs to it, other than the minimum repairs necessary to enable\nthe vehicle to be moved to a place other than a thoroughfare or parking facility; or\n(f) for the purpose of operating a business without first having first obtained the approval of the\nlocal government.\n\n1874 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 19 June 2023\n3.10 Parking on private land\n(1) In this clause a reference to 'land' does not include land—\n(a) which belongs to the local government;\n(b) of which the local government is the management body under the Land Administration\nAct 1997; or\n(c) which is an 'otherwise unvested facility' within section 3.53 of the Act.\n(2) A person must not park a vehicle on land without the consent of the owner or occupier of the land\non which the vehicle is parked.\n(3) Where the owner or occupier of the land, by a sign referable to that land or otherwise, consents to\nthe parking of vehicles of a specified class or classes on the land for a limited period, a person must not\npark a vehicle on the land otherwise than in accordance with the consent.\n3.11 Parking on reserves\nA person must not drive, stop or park a vehicle on or over any portion of a reserve other than an area\nspecifically set aside for that purpose, unless the person—\n(a) is an employee of the local government in the course of their duties;\n(b) is an authorised person; or\n(c) has obtained the written permission of the local government or an authorised person.\n3.12 Event Parking\n(1) For the purpose of this clause an event means an activity or occurrence approved by the local\ngovernment which warrants the setting aside of any parking facility.\n(2) The local government may, by use of any type of sign, temporary or otherwise, and for any period\nspecified on the sign—\n(a) set aside all or part of a parking facility; or\n(b) establish additional parking facilities on a reserve,\nfor the parking of vehicles by persons attending an event.\n(3) A person must not park a vehicle in a parking facility set aside under subclause (2) during the period\nfor which it is set aside unless—\n(a) authorisation is first gained from the local government; or\n(b) the person complies with any alternate method of payment for parking authorised by the local\ngovernment.\nPART 4—PARKING AND STOPPING GENERALLY\n4.1 No stopping and no parking signs, and yellow edge lines\n(1) A person must not stop a vehicle on a length of carriageway, or in a parking facility, to which a 'no\nstopping' sign applies.\n(2) A person must not stop a vehicle on a length of carriageway, or in a parking facility, to which a 'no\nparking' sign applies, unless the person—\n(a) is dropping off, or picking up, passengers or goods;\n(b) does not leave the vehicle unattended; and\n(c) completes the dropping off, or picking up, of the passengers or goods within 2 minutes of\nstopping and drives on.\n(3) A person must not stop a vehicle at the side of a carriageway marked with a continuous yellow edge\nline.\n4.2 Stopping at intersections\n(1) A person must not stop any portion of a vehicle on a thoroughfare within 20 metres from the nearest\npoint of an intersecting carriageway at an intersection with traffic-control signals, unless the person\nstops at a place on a length of thoroughfare, or in an area, to which a sign applies and the person is\npermitted to stop at the place under this local law.\n(2) A person must not stop any portion of a vehicle on a thoroughfare so that any portion of the vehicle\nis within 10 metres of the prolongation of the nearer edge of any intersecting carriageway (without\ntraffic-control signals) intersecting that carriageway on the side on which the vehicle is stopped, unless\nthe person stops—\n(a) at a place on the thoroughfare, or in an area, to which a sign applies and the person is permitted\nto stop at that place under this local law; or\n(b) if the intersection is a T- intersection—along the continuous side of the continuing carriageway\nat the intersection.\nPART 5—STOPPING IN ZONES FOR PARTICULAR VEHICLES\n5.1 Stopping in a loading zone\nA person must not stop a vehicle in a loading zone unless it is—\n(a) a motor vehicle used for commercial or trade purposes engaged in the picking up or setting\ndown of goods; or\n\n19 June 2023 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 1875\n(b) a motor vehicle taking up or setting down passengers,\nbut, in any event, a vehicle must not remain in a loading zone—\n(c) for longer than the time indicated on the \"loading zone\" sign; or\n(d) longer than 30 minutes (if no time is indicated on the sign).\n5.2 Stopping in a taxi zone or a bus zone\n(1) A person must not stop a vehicle in a taxi zone, unless the vehicle is a taxi.\n(2) A person must not stop a vehicle in a bus zone unless the vehicle is a bus of a type that is permitted\nto stop at the bus zone by information on or with the \"bus zone\" sign applying to the bus zone.\n5.3 Stopping in a mail zone\nA person must not stop a vehicle in a mail zone unless authorised under a written law.\n5.4 Other limitations in zones\nA person must not stop a vehicle in a zone to which a sign applies if stopping the vehicle would be\ncontrary to any limitation in respect to classes of persons or vehicles, or specific activities allowed, as\nindicated by additional words on the sign that applies to the zone.\nPART 6—OTHER PLACES WHERE STOPPING IS RESTRICTED\n6.1 Stopping in a shared zone\nA person must not stop a vehicle in a shared zone unless the vehicle—\n(a) stops at a place on a length of carriageway, or in an area, to which a sign applies and the driver\nis permitted to stop at that place under this local law;\n(b) stops in a parking bay and the driver is permitted to stop in the parking bay under this local\nlaw;\n(c) is dropping off, or picking up, passengers or goods; or\n(d) is engaged in door-to-door delivery or collection of goods, or in the collection of waste or garbage.\n6.2 Double parking\n(1) A person must not stop a vehicle so that any portion of the vehicle is between any other stopped\nvehicle and the centre of the carriageway.\n(2) This clause does not apply to—\n(a) a vehicle stopped in traffic; or\n(b) a vehicle angle parking on the side of the carriageway or in a median strip parking facility, in\naccordance with this local law.\n6.3 Stopping near an obstruction\nA person must not stop a vehicle on a carriageway near an obstruction on the carriageway in a position\nthat further obstructs traffic on the carriageway.\n6.4 Stopping in a bus lane, transit lane or truck lane\nA person must not stop a vehicle in—\n(a) a bus lane;\n(b) a transit lane;\n(c) a truck lane; or\n(d) a bicycle lane,\nunless the person is driving a public bus or taxi, and is dropping off, or picking up, passengers.\n6.5 Stopping on a bridge, ramp or in a tunnel\n(1) A person must not stop a vehicle on a bridge, causeway, ramp or similar structure unless—\n(a) the carriageway is at least as wide on the structure as it is on each of the approaches and a\nsign does not prohibit stopping or parking; or\n(b) the person stops the vehicle at a place on a length of carriageway, or in an area, to which a sign\napplies and the person is permitted to stop the vehicle at that place under this local law.\n(2) A person must not stop a vehicle in a tunnel or underpass unless—\n(a) the carriageway is at least as wide in the tunnel or underpass as it is on each of the approaches\nand a sign does not prohibit stopping or parking; or\n(b) the vehicle stops at a bus stop, or in a bus zone or parking facility marked on the carriageway,\nfor the purpose of setting down or taking up passengers.\n6.6 Stopping on crests, curves, etc.\n(1) Subject to subclause (2), a person must not stop a vehicle on, or partly on, a carriageway, in any\nposition where it is not visible to the driver of an overtaking vehicle, from a distance of—\n(a) 50 metres within a built-up area; or\n(b) 150 metres outside a built-up area.\n\n1876 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 19 June 2023\n(2) A person may stop a vehicle on a crest or curve on a carriageway that is not in a built-up area if the\nperson stops the vehicle at a place on the carriageway, or in an area, to which a sign applies and the\nperson is permitted to stop at that place under this local law.\n6.7 Stopping near a fire hydrant etc.\nA person must not stop a vehicle so that any portion of the vehicle is within 1 metre of a fire hydrant\nor fire plug, or of any sign or mark indicating the existence of a fire hydrant or fire plug, unless—\n(a) the vehicle is a public bus, and the person stops in a bus zone or at a bus stop and does not\nleave the bus unattended; or\n(b) the vehicle is a taxi, and the person stops of the vehicle in a taxi zone and does not leave the\ntaxi unattended.\n6.8 Stopping at or near a bus stop\n(1) A person must not stop a vehicle so that any portion of the vehicle is within 20 metres of the approach\nside of a bus stop, or within 10 metres of the departure side of a bus stop, unless—\n(a) the vehicle is a public bus stopped to take up or set down passengers; or\n(b) the vehicle stops at a place on a length of carriageway, or in an area, to which a sign applies\nand the vehicle is permitted to stop at that place under this local law.\n(2) In this clause—\n(a) distances are measured in the direction in which the person is driving; and\n(b) a trailer attached to a public bus is deemed to be a part of the public bus.\n6.9 Stopping on a path, median strip, traffic island, painted island or dividing strip\nA person must not stop a vehicle (other than a bicycle) so that any portion of the vehicle is on a path,\nmedian strip, traffic island, painted island or dividing strip unless the driver stops the vehicle in an\narea to which a sign applies and the vehicle is permitted to stop at that place under this local law.\n6.10 Stopping on a verge\n(1) A person must not stop—\n(a) a vehicle (other than a bicycle);\n(b) a commercial vehicle with a Gross Vehicle Mass in excess of 2.5 tonnes;\n(c) a bus;\n(d) a boat, trailer or caravan unattached (or attached) to a motor vehicle; or\n(e) a vehicle during any period when stopping of vehicles on that verge is prohibited by a sign\nadjacent and referable to that verge,\nso that any portion of it is on a verge.\n(2) Subclause (1)(a) does not apply to a person if they are the occupier of premises that abuts the verge\nor is a person authorised by the occupier of those premises to park the vehicle so that any portion of it\nis on the verge.\n(3) Subclause (1)(b) does not apply to a commercial vehicle when it is being loaded or unloaded with\nreasonable expedition with goods or materials collected from or delivered to the premises that abuts\nthe verge on which the commercial vehicle is parked, provided no obstruction is caused to the passage\nof any other vehicle or person using a carriageway or path.\n6.11 Stopping in a road side rest area\nA person must not rest, stop or camp in a vehicle in a road side rest area for longer than the time\npermitted by, or otherwise contrary to, a sign referable to the road side rest area.\n6.12 Stopping on a carriageway—heavy and long vehicles\n(1) A person must not park a vehicle or any combination of vehicles that, together with any projection\non, or load carried by, the vehicle or combination of vehicles, is more than 7.5 metres in length or exceeds\na load capacity of 3 tonnes—\n(a) on a carriageway in a built-up area, for any period exceeding 2 hours, unless actively engaged\nin the picking up or setting down of goods; or\n(b) on a carriageway outside a built-up area, except on the shoulder of the carriageway or in a\ntruck bay.\n(2) Nothing in this clause detracts from any limitation or condition imposed by any other provision of\nthis local law or sign relating to the parking or stopping of vehicles.\n6.13 Stopping on a carriageway with motor cycle parking sign\nA person must not stop a vehicle on a length of carriageway or in an area to which a 'motor cycle parking'\nsign applies or an area marked 'M/C', unless the vehicle is a motor cycle.\n6.14 Stopping in a closed area\n(1) A person must not stop a vehicle on a thoroughfare or part of a thoroughfare or a parking station or\npart of a parking station where a sign indicates that the thoroughfare, or part of a thoroughfare, or a\nparking station or part of a parking station has been closed permanently or temporarily for a period of\ntime as indicated by signs placed on that thoroughfare or parking station.\n(2) The parking of a vehicle contrary to subclause (1) may be impounded by an authorised person in\naccordance with Part 3 Division 3 Subdivision 4 of the Act.\n\n19 June 2023 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 1877\nPART 7—PERMITS\n7.1 Determination of classes of parking permits\nThe local government, by resolution, may determine—\n(a) classes of parking permits;\n(b) areas in which a parking permit of any particular class is required; and\n(c) the eligibility criteria for each class of parking permit.\n7.2 Application for parking permit\nAn application for a parking permit must—\n(a) be made in the form, if any, required by the local government;\n(b) provide the information or documents that are required by the local government or an\nauthorised person; and\n(c) accompanied by the appropriate fee, if any, imposed by the local government.\n7.3 Issue of parking permit\n(1) An authorised person—\n(a) may approve an application made under clause 7.2 for a parking permit of a class determined\nunder clause 7.1, subject to any conditions specified by the authorised person; and\n(b) must, where an application is approved, issue the applicant with a parking permit.\n7.4 Exemption for permit holders\n(1) The holder of a parking permit is exempt from—\n(a) a prohibition against the stopping or parking of vehicles on any part of a thoroughfare for more\nthan a specified period; and\n(b) the requirement to obtain a parking ticket when parking a vehicle on any part of a thoroughfare\nor parking station where the maximum period for which continuous parking or stopping of a\nvehicle is permitted (as stated on the sign referable to the part of the thoroughfare or parking\nstation) exceeds 30 minutes.\n(2) The exemption under subclause (1) applies only—\n(a) to the part of a thoroughfare or parking station specified in the permit;\n(b) where the permit specifies a particular vehicle, to the vehicle specified in the permit;\n(c) if the permit is displayed in the vehicle and is clearly visible to, and able to be read by, an\nauthorised person from outside the vehicle at all times while that vehicle remains stopped or\nparked in the area to which the permit relates; and\n(d) if the permit is valid.\n(3) The exemption under subclause (1) does not apply during any period in which the stopping or\nparking of vehicles is prohibited on the thoroughfare or parking station, or the part of the thoroughfare\nor parking station, specified in the permit.\n7.5 When permit ceases to be valid\nA parking permit ceases to be valid on—\n(a) the expiration of any time or period specified on the permit;\n(b) the holder of the permit ceasing to be eligible; or\n(c) the revocation of the permit under clause 7.7.\n7.6 Use of counterfeit or altered parking permit\nA person must not—\n(a) use or display in a vehicle, a parking permit that has in any way been counterfeited, altered,\nobliterated or interfered with; or\n(b) produce to an authorised person who accepts payment for parking, a parking permit which has\nbeen counterfeited, altered, obliterated or interfered with.\n7.7 Revoking a permit\n(1) If a permit holder—\n(a) breaches any of the conditions of a parking permit; or\n(b) ceases to satisfy the eligibility criteria for that class of parking permit,\nan authorised person may revoke the parking permit by written notice to the permit holder.\n(2) A revocation under subclause (1) does not take effect until written notice of the revocation is provided\nto the permit holder.\n7.8 Removal of invalid permit from vehicle\nThe holder of a parking permit which has ceased to be valid under clause 7.5 must, immediately upon\nthe permit ceasing to be valid, permanently remove the permit from the vehicle in which it is displayed\nor to which it is affixed.\n\n1878 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 19 June 2023\n7.9 Parking facilities where permit required\n(1) Where in relation to a parking facility, or part of a parking facility, the local government has\ndetermined—\n(a) under clause 2.1(1)(d), that only permitted classes of persons may stop or park a vehicle; or\n(b) under clause 2.1(1)(e), that only permitted classes of vehicles may stop or park,\nan authorised person may issue a written permit to a person within the permitted class, or to a person\nin respect of a vehicle of the permitted class, authorising the person to park in the parking facility.\n(2) An authorised person may, by notice in writing to the holder of a permit issued under subclause (1),\nvary or revoke the permit at any time.\n(3) Where the local government has made a determination under clause 2.1(1)(d) or 2.1(1)(e) in\naccordance with subclause (1), a person must not stop or park a vehicle in the parking facility unless—\n(a) the person holds a permit issued under subclause (1) authorising the person to park in the\nparking facility;\n(b) the permit is displayed inside the vehicle and is clearly visible to, and able to be read by, an\nauthorised person from outside the vehicle at all times;\n(c) the permit remains valid; and\n(d) the person's permitted class, or the vehicle's permitted class, as specified in the permit is also\nspecified on the sign which relates to the parking facility or part of the parking facility in which\nthe vehicle is parked.\nPART 8—MISCELLANEOUS\n8.1 Impersonating an authorised person\nA person who is not an authorised person of the local government must not impersonate or assume the\nduties of an authorised person.\n8.2 Obstructing an authorised person\nA person must not obstruct or hinder an authorised person in the execution of their duties.\n8.3 Removal of notices from a vehicle\nA person, other than the owner or driver of the vehicle or a person acting under the direction of the\nowner or driver of the vehicle, must not remove from the vehicle any notice put on the vehicle by an\nauthorised person.\n8.4 Unauthorised signs and defacing signs\nA person must not without the authority of the local government—\n(a) mark, set up or exhibit a sign purporting to be or resembling a sign marked, set up or exhibited\nby the local government under this local law;\n(b) remove, deface or misuse a sign or property, set up or exhibited by the local government under\nthis local law or attempt to do any such act; or\n(c) affix a board, sign, placard, notice or other thing to or paint or write upon any part of a sign set\nup or exhibited by the local government under this local law.\n8.5 Signs must be complied with\nAn inscription or symbol on a sign operates and has effect according to its tenor and a person\ncontravening the direction on a sign commits an offence under this local law.\n8.6 General provisions about signs\n(1) A sign marked, erected, set up, established or displayed on any part of a parking facility or is, in the\nabsence of evidence to the contrary, presumed to be a sign marked, erected, set up, established or\ndisplayed under the authority of this local law.\n(2) The first three letters of any day of the week when used on a sign indicate that day of the week.\n8.7 Special purpose and emergency vehicles\nNotwithstanding anything to the contrary in this local law, the driver of—\n(a) a special purpose vehicle may, only in the course of performing their duties and when it is\nexpedient and safe to do so, stop or park the vehicle in any place, at any time; and\n(b) an emergency vehicle may, in the course of performing their duties and when it is expedient\nand safe to do so or where they honestly and reasonably believe that it is expedient and safe to\ndo so, stop or park the vehicle at any place, at any time.\n8.8 Vehicles not to obstruct a public place\n(1) A person must not park a vehicle or permit a vehicle to remain parked in a public place so that any\npart of that vehicle obstructs the use of any part of that public place without the written permission of\nthe local government or unless authorised under any written law.\n(2) A vehicle which is parked in any portion of a public place where vehicles may be lawfully parked is\ndeemed to cause an obstruction for the purposes of subclause (1) and may be impounded in accordance\nwith Part 3 Division 3 Subdivision 4 of the Act where—\n(a) the vehicle is parked for any period exceeding 24 hours;\n\n19 June 2023 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 1879\n(b) the vehicle is so parked during any period in which the parking of vehicles is prohibited or\nrestricted by a sign; or\n(c) the vehicle is abandoned, unregistered or disused.\nPART 9—PENALTIES\n9.1 Offences and penalties\n(1) Any person who—\n(a) fails to do anything required or directed to be done under this local law; or\n(b) does anything, which under this local law that person is prohibited from doing,\ncommits an offence.\n(2) An offence against any provision of this local law is a prescribed offence for the purposes of section\n9.16(1) of the Act.\n(3) Any person who commits an offence under this local law is liable, upon conviction, to a penalty not\nless than $250 and not exceeding $5,000 and if the offence is of a continuing nature, to an additional\npenalty not exceeding $500 for each day or part of a day during which the offence has continued.\n(4) The amount appearing in the final column of Schedule 1 directly opposite a clause specified in that\nSchedule is the modified penalty for an offence against that clause.\n9.2 Form of notices\nFor the purposes of this local law—\n(a) the form of the notice referred to in section 9.13 of the Act is that of Form 1 in Schedule 1 of\nthe Local Government (Functions and General) Regulations 1996;\n(b) the form of the infringement notice referred to in section 9.17 of the Act is that of Form 2 in\nSchedule 1 of the Local Government (Functions and General) Regulations 1996; and\n(c) the form of the infringement withdrawal notice referred to in section 9.20 of the Act is that of\nForm 3 in Schedule 1 of the Local Government (Functions and General) Regulations 1996.\n————\nSCHEDULE 1—PRESCRIBED OFFENCES\n[Clause 9.1(4)]\nITEM\nNO\nCLAUSE\nNO\nNATURE OF OFFENCE MODIFIED\nPENALTY\n$\n1. 2.2(1)(a) Failure to park parallel to and close to kerb on\nthoroughfare\n120\n2. 2.2(1)(b) Failure to park wholly within parking bay on\nthoroughfare\n120\n3. 2.2(1)(c) Parking against the flow of traffic within a parking bay\non thoroughfare\n120\n4. 2.2(2) Failure to park wholly within parking bay on\nthoroughfare that is otherwise than parallel to the kerb\n120\n5. 2.2(4) Failure to park wholly within parking facility 120\n6. 2.3(1)(a) Causing obstruction in parking station 120\n7. 2.3(1)(b) Parking contrary to sign in parking station 120\n8. 2.3(1)(c) Parking contrary to directions of authorised person 120\n9. 2.3(1)(d) Parking or attempting to park a vehicle in a parking bay\noccupied by another vehicle\n120\n10. 2.3(1)(e) Failure to park wholly within parking bay in parking\nstation\n120\n11. 2.4 Park contrary to requirements where fees are payable\nand a ticket is required to be displayed\n120\n12. 2.6 Use counterfeit or altered parking ticket 450\n13. 2.7 Parking contrary to a hooded ticket issuing machine 120\n14. 3.1(1)(a) Parking wrong class of vehicle 120\n\n1880 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 19 June 2023\n15. 3.1(1)(b) Parking by person of a different class 120\n16. 3.1(1)(c) Parking during prohibited period 120\n17. 3.1(3)(a) Parking in no parking area 120\n18. 3.1(3)(b) Parking contrary to signs or limitations 120\n19. 3.1(3)(c) Parking vehicle in motor cycle only area 120\n20. 3.1(4) Parking without permission in an area designated for\n\"Authorised Vehicles Only\"\n120\n21. 3.2(1)(a) Failure to park on the left of two-way carriageway 120\n22. 3.2(1)(b) Failure to park on boundary of one-way carriageway 120\n23. 3.2(1)(a) or\n3.2(1)(b)\nFailure to park headed in the direction of the movement\nof traffic on the side of the carriageway on which the\nvehicle is parked\n120\n24. 3.2(1)(c) Parking when distance from farther boundary of\ncarriageway less than 3 metres\n120\n25. 3.2(1)(d) Parking closer than 1 metre from another vehicle 120\n26. 3.2(1)(e) Causing obstruction on carriageway 180\n27. 3.3(a) Failure to park adjacent to boundary of carriageway 120\n28. 3.3(b) Failure to park at approximate right angle 120\n29. 3.4(2) Failure to park at an appropriate angle 120\n30. 3.5(2)(a) Parking on or adjacent to a median strip 120\n31. 3.5(2)(b) Obstructing access to private drive or right of way 180\n32. 3.5(2)(c) Parking alongside or opposite excavation or obstruction\nso as to obstruct traffic\n120\n33. 3.5(2)(d) Parking in a location likely to obstruct lines of sight\nalong a thoroughfare, is a safety concern or hazard or an\nobstruction to any person or vehicle\n120\n34. 3.5(2)(e) Parking within 10 metres of traffic island 120\n35. 3.5(2)(f) Parking on path or pedestrian crossing 180\n36. 3.5(2)(g) Parking contrary to continuous line markings 120\n37. 3.5(2)(h) Parking within 1 metre of fire hydrant or fire plug 120\n38. 3.5(2)(i) Parking within 3 metres of public letter box 120\n39. 3.5(2)(j) Parking within 10 metres of intersection 120\n40. 3.5(2)(k) Parking vehicle within 20 metres of approach side or 10\nmetres of departure side of bus stop\n180\n41. 3.5(2)(l) Parking vehicle within 20 metres of approach side or 10\nmeters of children's crossing or pedestrian crossing\n120\n42. 3.5(2)(m) Parking vehicle within 20 metres of approach side or\ndeparture side of railway level crossing\n120\n43. 3.6 Parking contrary to direction of authorised person 180\n44. 3.7(2) Removing mark of authorised person 120\n45. 3.8 Moving vehicle to avoid time limitation 120\n\n19 June 2023 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 1881\n46. 3.9(a) Parking in thoroughfare or parking facility for purpose\nof sale or hire\n120\n47. 3.9(b) Parking unlicensed vehicle in thoroughfare or parking\nfacility\n120\n48. 3.9(c) Parking a boat, trailer or caravan on a thoroughfare or\nparking facility\n120\n49. 3.9(d) Parking in thoroughfare or parking facility for servicing\nor cleaning\n120\n50. 3.9(e) Parking in thoroughfare or parking facility for purpose\nof repairs\n120\n51. 3.9(f) Parking in thoroughfare or parking facility for purpose\nof operating a business without approval\n450\n52. 3.10(2) Parking on private land without consent of the owner or\noccupier\n180\n53. 3.10(3) Park on private land contrary to consent of the\nowner/occupier\n180\n54. 3.11 Driving, stopping or parking on reserve 180\n55. 3.12(3) Parking in a parking facility set aside for an event 120\n56. 4.1(1) Stopping contrary to a \"no stopping\" sign 180\n57. 4.1(2) Parking contrary to a \"no parking\" sign 180\n58. 4.1(3) Stopping within continuous yellow lines on carriageway 180\n59. 4.2(1) Parking on thoroughfare within 20 metres of a signalised\nintersection\n180\n60. 4.2(2) Parking on thoroughfare within 10 metres of an\nintersection\n180\n61. 5.1 Stopping unlawfully in a loading zone 120\n62. 5.2(1) Stopping unlawfully in a taxi zone 120\n63. 5.2(2) Stopping unlawfully in a bus zone 120\n64. 5.3 Stopping unlawfully in a mail zone 180\n65. 5.4 Stopping in a zone contrary to a sign 120\n66. 6.1 Stop contrary to shared zone requirements 120\n67. 6.2 Double parking 180\n68. 6.3 Stopping near an obstruction on carriageway 120\n69. 6.4(a) Stopping in a bus lane 180\n70. 6.4(b) Stopping in a transit lane 180\n71. 6.4(c) Stopping in a truck lane 180\n72. 6.4(d) Stopping in a bicycle lane 180\n73. 6.5 Stopping unlawfully on a bridge, ramp or tunnel 180\n74. 6.6(1) Stopping unlawfully on crests/curves etc. 120\n75. 6.7 Stopping near fire hydrant 120\n76. 6.8(1) Stopping near bus stop 120\n77. 6.9 Stopping on path, median strip or traffic island 180\n\n1882 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 19 June 2023\n78. 6.10 Stopping on verge 120\n79. 6.11 Stopping unlawfully in road side rest area 120\n80. 6.12(1) Stop heavy or long vehicle on carriageway 450\n81. 6.13 Stopping in motor cycle parking area 120\n82. 6.14(1) Stopping in a closed area 120\n83. 7.6 Use of a counterfeit or altered parking permit 450\n84. 7.8 Failure to remove a parking permit from vehicle which\nhas been revoked\n120\n85. 7.9(3) Stopping or parking a vehicle in a parking facility\nwithout required permit displayed\n120\n86. 8.1 Impersonating an authorised person 120\n87. 8.2 Obstructing an authorised person 120\n88. 8.3 Removal of notices from a vehicle 120\n89. 8.4 Unauthorised signs and defacing signs 120\n90. 8.5 Failure to comply with sign 120\n91. 8.8(1) Parking or leaving vehicle so as to obstruct a public\nplace\n120\n92. All other offences not specified 120\nDated 4 May 2023.\nThe Common Seal of the City of Swan was affixed in the presence of—\nCr DAVID LUCAS, Mayor.\nSTEPHEN CAIN, Chief Executive Officer.\n———————————","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This legislation appears to be a consolidation and modernisation of existing parking regulations rather than an expansion beyond original intent. It replaces Part 8 of the 2005 Consolidated Local Laws and maintains the traditional scope of local government parking control - regulating parking on thoroughfares, parking stations, and reserves within the City of Swan. While comprehensive, it does not appear to have expanded into new regulatory areas beyond standard municipal parking management."},"complexity_factors":["Extensive cross-referencing to external legislation (Road Traffic Code 2000, Local Government Act 1995, Road Traffic Act 1974) for definitions rather than defining terms locally","47 defined terms in the interpretation section (clause 1.5), many of which are 'imported' by reference to other statutes","Numerous conditional exceptions and exemptions (e.g., disability parking permit holders have specific exemptions that override general prohibitions in multiple clauses)","Nested geographical limitations - the law applies to the 'parking region' which is defined as the whole district minus specific state-controlled roads and Main Roads Commissioner areas","Detailed technical specifications for parking (e.g., distances from kerb, angles of parking, visibility distances on curves)","Dual penalty structure - modified penalties listed in Schedule 1 ($120-$450) plus general maximum penalties in clause 9.1(3) ($250-$5,000 plus daily penalties for continuing offences)","Multiple permit classes with varying conditions and eligibility criteria determined by council resolution rather than specified in the law itself"],"plain_english_summary":"This is a local law made by the City of Swan (a council in Western Australia) that sets out the rules for parking and stopping vehicles on public roads, parking stations, and reserves within its area.\n\n**What it does:**\n- **Replaces old rules:** It deletes and replaces Part 8 of the City of Swan's 2005 Consolidated Local Laws with a comprehensive new parking code.\n- **Sets parking rules:** It regulates where, when, and how people can park or stop their vehicles. This includes rules about parking bays, angle parking, no-stopping zones, and parking near intersections, fire hydrants, and bus stops.\n- **Controls paid parking:** It establishes how parking fees are paid (coins, cards, apps) and makes it an offence to use fake or altered tickets.\n- **Creates permit systems:** It allows the council to issue different classes of parking permits (e.g., for residents, businesses, or people with disabilities) and sets out how these permits work.\n- **Protects specific zones:** It restricts stopping in special zones like loading zones, taxi zones, bus zones, and mail zones to specific vehicle types.\n- **Enforcement:** It gives \"authorised persons\" (parking officers) powers to mark tyres, issue fines, and order vehicles to be moved. It also sets penalties for offences, ranging from $120 to $5,000.\n\n**Who it affects:**\n- Anyone driving or parking a vehicle in the City of Swan (residents, visitors, businesses).\n- Owners of private parking facilities who can opt-in to have the law apply to their land.\n- People with disability parking permits (who get certain exemptions).\n\n**Why it matters:**\nIt keeps traffic flowing, ensures fair access to parking, generates revenue for the council through paid parking, and provides clear rules for enforcement. It also ensures consistency with Western Australia's Road Traffic Code 2000 by referencing many definitions from that state law."},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"This instrument replaces the City's prior consolidated parking provisions by deleting Part 8 and related schedules of the Consolidated Local Laws 2005 and establishing a new, comprehensive Parking Local Law (clause 1.3). It defines the \"parking region\" to which the law applies and excludes certain Main Roads areas and non‑City‑occupied parking facilities unless a written agreement exists (clause 1.4). It therefore changes the local legal framework for parking by consolidating, updating and restating the City’s parking powers, permit regime, signage reliance and penalty structure (see clauses 1.3–1.4, Parts 2–9 and Schedule 1)."},"complexity_factors":["Extensive cross‑referencing to the Road Traffic Code, Road Traffic Act and Local Government Act for definitions and operational limits (clauses 1.5–1.6).","Large number of specific, location‑based rules with precise distances, angles and conditions (Parts 2–6 contain many technical measurements and exceptions).","Discretion given to the local government and authorised persons to determine bays, times, permit classes, fees and enforcement methods (clauses 2.1, 2.5, 7.1–7.3, 3.7).","A formal permit regime with eligibility rules, conditions, revocation process and display requirements (Part 7).","Multiple enforcement tools and remedies (marking tyres, notices, impoundment by reference to the Act), with both modified penalties and criminal penalties (clauses 3.7, 6.14(2), 9.1, Schedule 1).","Dependence on signage and ticketing systems—many provisions operate only where signs or machines are in place (clauses 1.7, 1.9, 2.4).","Range of payment and ticketing methods allowed (clause 2.5) increases implementation permutations the City may adopt.","Integration of event‑specific powers and exceptions (clause 3.12) that interact with ordinary parking rules."],"plain_english_summary":"This new City of Swan Parking Local Law replaces the old parking provisions and creates a standalone regime for the City's parking region: it prescribes where/how vehicles may park, establishes permit and fee systems, and empowers authorised officers to enforce rules (marking, towing, fines). It affects drivers, permit applicants/holders, businesses using public parking and the City itself. The law turns local parking policy into enforceable rules and charges, concentrating allocation and enforcement discretion with the Council and imposing costs on users and administration."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/city-of-swan-parking-local-law-2023","history":"/api/acts/city-of-swan-parking-local-law-2023/history","analysis":"/api/acts/city-of-swan-parking-local-law-2023/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/city-of-swan-parking-local-law-2023/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/city-of-swan-parking-local-law-2023/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/city-of-swan-parking-local-law-2023/documents"}}