{"id":"F2021L01655","name":"CASA 93/21 — Training and Checking (CASR Part 135 and Subpart 121.Z) Determination 2021","slug":"casa-93-21-training-and-checking-casr-part-135-and-subpart-121-z-determination-2021","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":102193,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2021L01655-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-03","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"2","sectionType":"section","heading":"Duration","content":"2 Duration\n\nThis instrument commences on 2 December 2021.\n\n","sortOrder":0},{"sectionNumber":"3","sectionType":"section","heading":"Definitions","content":"3 Definitions\n\n> Note In this instrument certain terms and expressions have the same meaning as they have in the Civil Aviation Act 1988 and the regulations. These include: aeroplane, air crew member, flight crew member, IFR flight, medical transport specialist, and VFR flight.\n\n(1) In this instrument:\n\n> CAO 20.11 means Civil Aviation Order 20.11, as in force immediately before 2 December 2021.\n\n> CAO 82.0 means Civil Aviation Order 82.0, as in force immediately before 2 December 2021.\n\n> CAR means the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988, as in force immediately before 2 December 2021, and any mention of a provision of CAR refers to that provision as so in force.\n\n> emergency procedures proficiency test means the crew member emergency procedures proficiency test specified in Appendix IV of CAO 20.11.\n\n> NVFR means night visual flight rules.\n\n> operator’s training and checking manual means the training and checking manual of the operator, as the manual exists from time to time.\n\n> Part 135 MOS means the Part 135 Manual of Standards.\n\n> Note The CASR Dictionary defines Part 135 Manual of Standards as meaning the Manual of Standards issued by CASA under regulation 135.025.\n\n> relevant flight means a flight, for an operator, of an aeroplane in relation to which Part 135 or Subpart 121.Z of CASR applies.\n\n> Note 1 Regulation 135.005 of CASR provides that Part 135 of CASR applies in relation to the operation of an aeroplane for an Australian air transport operation if the aeroplane has:\n\n> Note: (a) a maximum operational passenger seat configuration of not more than 9; and\n\n> Note: (b) a maximum take-off weight of not more than 8 618 kg.\n\n> Note 2 Subregulation 121.005 (2) of CASR provides that Subpart 121.Z applies to the operation of a single‑engine aeroplane for an Australian air transport operation if the aeroplane has:\n\n> Note: (a) a maximum operational passenger seat configuration of more than 9;\n\n> Note: (b) a maximum take‑off weight of not more than 8 618 kg.\n\n> Note: For the application of Part 135 of CASR to the operation of certain single‑engine aeroplanes to which Subpart 121.Z applies — see regulation 121.760 of CASR.\n\n(2) In this instrument, unless a contrary intention appears, words and expressions have the same meaning as in regulation 202.418 of CASR.\n\n(3)In this instrument, unless a contrary intention appears, mention of a provision with the prefix “135.” is a reference to that provision as contained in Part 135 of CASR.\n\n(4) In this instrument a reference to an operator’s training and checking manual, includes relevant text included in the operator’s operations manual.\n\n(5) In this instrument a reference to the expiry date of an old event or to a period of time after an old event, includes a reference to any deemed expiry date or when an old event is deemed to have occurred, in accordance with the civil aviation legislation in force immediately before 2 December 2021.\n\n","sortOrder":1},{"sectionNumber":"4","sectionType":"section","heading":"Purpose","content":"4 Purpose\n\nThis instrument is a determination for the purposes of subregulation 202.418 (3) of CASR.\n\n","sortOrder":2},{"sectionNumber":"5","sectionType":"section","heading":"Application","content":"5 Application\n\nThis instrument applies in relation to a relevant flight.\n\n","sortOrder":3},{"sectionNumber":"6","sectionType":"section","heading":"Determination","content":"6 Determination\n\nIf:\n\n(a) on or after 2 December 2021, a requirement (a new requirement), in relation to a training or checking event mentioned in an item of column 1 of the Table in Schedule 1 (a new event), applies in relation to a relevant flight by a person mentioned in the item (the person); and\n\n(b) before 2 December 2021, a training or checking event mentioned in column 2 of the item (the old event) happened in relation to the person; and\n\n(c) the relevant flight occurs:\n\n(i) on or after 2 December 2021; and\n\n(ii) before the expiry of the time specified in column 3 of the item (the expiry date);\n\nthen, I determine that, for the purposes of regulation 202.418 of CASR:\n\n(d) the new event is taken to have happened in relation to the person; and\n\n(e) the new requirement is taken to have been met by the person for a relevant flight that is conducted before the expiry date.\n\n","sortOrder":4},{"sectionNumber":"Sch 1","sectionType":"schedule","heading":"New requirements taken to have been met by old events","content":"Schedule 1 New requirements taken to have been met by old events\n\nTable Transitional training and checking events\n\n```html\n

Column 1

Column 2

Column 3

Item

New requirement for a person in relation to a training or checking event (a new event)

Old event in relation to the person

Old event expiry date

Flight crew members

1

General emergency training and check of competency

1. Person: a flight crew member (FCM).

2. New Requirement: Successful completion of the operator’s general emergency training and flight crew member general emergency check of competency for the aeroplane in accordance with:

(a) paragraph 135.380 (2) (f) and subregulation 135.380 (4);

(b) paragraph 12.03 (a) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Under paragraph 12.03 (a) an FCM must successfully complete the operator’s general emergency training under section 12.04 of the Part 135 MOS.

1. Person: an FCM who was required under subsection 12 of CAO 20.11 to undertake and pass, for the aeroplane, the emergency procedures proficiency test.

2. Old event for the FCM: Successful completion of the emergency procedures proficiency test, that applied for the operator and aeroplane, and that was valid immediately before 2 December 2021.

For the general emergency training — no expiry date.

Note Remedial training under section 12.09 of the Part 135 MOS may still be required.

For the general emergency check of competency, other than for the use of life rafts, the earlier of the following:

(a) the expiry date of the emergency procedures proficiency test;

(b) the day the FCM undertakes a recurrent general emergency check of competency mentioned in column 1 of item 4;

(c) 2 December 2022.

For the general emergency check of competency for the use of life rafts, the earlier of the following:

(a) 3 years after the day of the emergency procedures proficiency test;

(b) the day the FCM undertakes a recurrent general emergency check of competency mentioned in column 1 for the use of life rafts;

(c) 2 December 2024.

3. Person: An FCM to whom paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the FCM: Conduct of at least 1 unsupervised aerial work (air ambulance) flight for the operator using the type or class of aeroplane.

2

Conversion training and proficiency check

1. Person: an FCM.

2. New Requirement: Successful completion, for the type or class of aeroplane, of the operator’s conversion training, and the operator’s FCM proficiency check in accordance with:

(a) paragraph 135.380 (2) (f) and subregulation 135.380 (4);

(b) paragraph 12.03 (b) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Under paragraph 12.03 (b) an FCM must successfully complete the operator’s conversion training under section 12.05 of the Part 135 MOS.

1. Person: an FCM who immediately before 2 December 2021 was subject to the operator’s training and checking organisation (T&CO) under regulation 217 of CAR (an FCM under a T&CO).

2. Old event for the FCM: Successful completion, for the type or class of aeroplane, of the operator’s conversion training (however described). Successful related proficiency check (however described) for the type or class of aeroplane, in accordance with CAO 82.0 and the operator’s training and checking manual.

The proficiency check must have been valid immediately before 2 December 2021.

For the operator’s conversion training — no expiry date.

Note Remedial training under section 12.09 of the Part 135 MOS may still be required.

For the operator’s FCM proficiency check — the earlier of the following:

(a) the day the proficiency check mentioned in column 2 expires;

(b) for IFR or NVFR flights, 8 months after the proficiency check mentioned in column 2;

(c) for VFR flights by day, 1 year after the proficiency check mentioned in column 2;

(d) the day the FCM undertakes a recurrent proficiency check mentioned in column 1 of item 5;

(e) 2 December 2022.

3. Person: an FCM to whom paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the FCM: For VFR flights — successful completion of a flight review that was valid for the aeroplane under Part 61 of CASR immediately before 2 December 2021.

For IFR flights — successful completion of an instrument proficiency check that was valid for aeroplane under Part 61 of CASR immediately before 2 December 2021.

For an old event that is a flight review — the earlier of the following:

(a) the day the flight review is no longer valid for the FCM and the aeroplane;

(b) the day the FCM undertakes a recurrent proficiency check mentioned in column 1 of item 5;

(c) 2 December 2022.

For an old event that is an instrument proficiency check — the earlier of the following:

(a) the day the instrument proficiency check is no longer valid for FCM and the aeroplane;

(b) the day the FCM undertakes a recurrent proficiency check mentioned in column 1 of item 5;

(c) 2 December 2022.

3

Line training and line checking

1. Person: an FCM.

2. New Requirement: Successful completion, for the aeroplane, of the operator’s line training, and the operator’s FCM line check, in accordance with:

(a) paragraph 135.380 (2) (f) and subregulation 135 (4); and

(b) paragraph 12.03 (c) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Under paragraph 12.03 (c) an FCM must successfully complete the operator’s line training under section 12.06 of the Part 135 MOS.

1. Person: an FCM under a T&CO.

2. Old event for the FCM: Successful completion, under the T&CO, of the operator’s line training (however described) and at least 1 of the following, in accordance with the operator’s training and checking manual, as it applies to the FCM, that was valid immediately before 2 December 2021:

(a) a line check (however described) for the aeroplane;

(b) a proficiency check (however described) for the type or class of aeroplane.

No expiry date.

3. Person: an FCM to whom paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the FCM: The conduct of at least 1 unsupervised charter or aerial work (air ambulance) flight for the operator using the type or class of aeroplane.

4

Recurrent training and checking (general emergency check of competency)

1. Person: an FCM.

2. New Requirement: Successful completion, for the type or class of aeroplane, of the operator’s recurrent general emergency check of competency in accordance with:

(a) subregulation 135.380 (2) (f) and subregulation 135.380 (4);

(b) paragraph 12.03 (e) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Under paragraph 12.03 (e) an FCM must successfully complete the operator’s recurrent training and checking under section 12.08 of the Part 135 MOS.

1. Person: an FCM who was required under subsection 12 of CAO 20.11 to undertake and pass, for the kind of aeroplane, a recurrent emergency procedures proficiency test.

2. Old event for the FCM: Successful completion of a recurrent emergency procedures proficiency test, that applied for the operator and type or class of aeroplane, and that was valid immediately before 2 December 2021.

For the general emergency check of competency, other than for the use of life rafts, the earlier of the following:

(a) the expiry date of the emergency procedures proficiency test;

(b) the day the FCM undertakes a recurrent general emergency check of competency mentioned in column 1;

(c) 2 December 2022.

For the general emergency check of competency for the use of life rafts, the earlier of the following:

(a) 3 years after the date of the emergency procedures proficiency test;

(b) the day the FCM undertakes a recurrent general emergency check of competency mentioned in column 1 for the use of life rafts;

(c) 2 December 2024.

3. Person: An FCM to who paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the FCM: Conduct of at least 1 unsupervised aerial work (air ambulance) flight for the operator using the type or class of aeroplane.

5

Recurrent training and checking (proficiency check of competency)

1. Person: an FCM.

2. New Requirement: Successful completion, for the type or class of aeroplane, of the operator’s recurrent flight crew member proficiency check in accordance with:

(a) paragraph 135.380 (2) (f) and subregulation 135.380 (4);

(b) paragraph 12.03 (e) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Under paragraph 12.03 (e) an FCM must successfully complete the operator’s recurrent training and checking under section 12.08 of the Part 135 MOS.

1. Person: an FCM under a T&CO.

2. Old event for the FCM: Successful completion, under the T&CO, of a recurrent proficiency check (however described) for the type or class of aeroplane, in accordance with the operator’s training and checking manual, that was valid immediately before 2 December 2021.

The earlier of the following:

(a) the day the proficiency check mentioned in column 2 expires;

(b) for IFR or NVFR flights, 8 months after the proficiency check mentioned in column 2;

(c) for VFR flights by day, 1 year after the proficiency check mentioned in column 2;

(d) the day the FCM undertakes a recurrent proficiency check mentioned in column 1;

(e) 2 December 2022.

3. Person: an FCM to whom paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the FCM: For VFR flights — successful completion of a flight review that was valid for the aeroplane under Part 61 of CASR, immediately before 2 December 2021.

For IFR flights, successful completion of an instrument proficiency check that was valid for aeroplane under Part 61 of CASR, immediately before 2 December 2021.

For an old event that is a flight review — the earlier of:

(a) the day the flight review is no longer valid for the FCM and the aeroplane;

(b) the day the FCM undertakes a recurrent proficiency check mentioned in column 1;

(c) 2 December 2022

For an old event that is an instrument proficiency check — the earlier of:

(a) the day the instrument proficiency check is no longer valid for FCM and the aeroplane;

(b) the day the FCM undertakes a recurrent proficiency check mentioned in column 1;

(c) 2 December 2022.

Air crew members

6

General emergency training and check of competency

1. Person: an air crew member (ACM).

2. New Requirement: Successful completion of the operator’s general emergency training and ACM general emergency check of competency, for the aeroplane, in accordance with:

(a) subregulation 135.445 (2); and

(b) paragraph 13.03 (a) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Under paragraph 13.03 (a) an ACM must successfully complete the operator’s general emergency training under section 13.04 of the Part 133 MOS.

1. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an ACM, who was required under subsection 12 of CAO 20.11 to undertake and pass, for the aeroplane, the emergency procedures proficiency test.

2. Old event for the ACM: Successful completion of the emergency procedures proficiency test, that applied for the operator and the aeroplane, and that was valid immediately before 2 December 2021.

For the general emergency training — no expiry date.

Note Remedial training under section 14.09 of the Part 135 MOS may still be required.

For the general emergency check of competency, other than for the use of life rafts, the earlier of the following:

(a) the expiry date of the emergency procedures proficiency test;

(b) the day the ACM undertakes a recurrent general emergency check of competency mentioned in column 1 of item 10;

(c) 2 December 2022.

For the general emergency check of competency for the use of life rafts, the earlier of the following:

(a) 3 years after the date of the emergency procedures proficiency test;

(b) the day the ACM undertakes a recurrent general emergency check of competency mentioned in column 1 of item 10 for the use of life rafts;

(c) 2 December 2024.

3. Person: A crew member to whom paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the ACM: Conduct of at least 1 unsupervised aerial work (air ambulance) flight for the operator using the kind of aeroplane.

7

Conversion training and proficiency check

1. Person: an ACM.

2. New Requirement: Successful completion, for the kind of aeroplane, of the operator’s conversion training and the operator’s ACM proficiency check, in accordance with:

(a) subregulation 135.445 (2); and

(b) paragraph 13.03 (b) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Under paragraph 13.03 (b) an ACM must successfully complete the operator’s conversion training under section 13.05 of the Part 135 MOS.

1. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an ACM, who immediately before 2 December 2021 was subject to the operator’s T&CO under regulation 217 of CAR.

2. Old event for the ACM: Successful completion, for the kind of aeroplane, of the operator’s conversion training (however described), and successful related proficiency check (however described) for the kind of aeroplane, in accordance with the operator’s training and checking manual.

For the operator’s conversion training — no expiry date.

Note Remedial training under section 14.09 of the Part 135 MOS may still be required.

For the operator’s ACM proficiency check — the earlier of the following:

(a) the day the proficiency check mentioned in column 2 expires;

(b) the day the ACM undertakes a recurrent proficiency check mentioned in column 1 for item 11;

(c) 2 December 2022.

3. Person: A crew member, with duties analogous to those of an ACM, to whom paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the ACM: Conduct of at least 1 unsupervised charter or aerial work (air ambulance) flight for the operator using the kind of aeroplane.

The earlier of the following:

(a) the day the ACM undertakes a recurrent proficiency check mentioned in column 1 of item 11;

(b) 2 December 2022.

8

Line training and line checking

1. Person: an ACM.

2. New Requirement: Successful completion, for the aeroplane, of the operator’s line training, and the operator’s ACM line check, in accordance with:

(a) subregulation 135.445 (2); and

(b) paragraph 13.03 (c) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Under paragraph 14.03 (c) an ACM must successfully complete the operator’s line training under section 13.06 of the Part 135 MOS.

1. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an ACM, under a T&CO.

2. Old event for the ACM: Successful completion, under the T&CO, of the operator’s line training (however described), and at least 1 of the following, in accordance with the operator’s training and checking manual as it applies to the ACM, that was valid immediately before 2 December 2021:

(a) a line check (however described), for the aeroplane;

(b) a proficiency check (however described) for the kind of aeroplane.

No expiry date.

3. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an ACM, to whom paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the ACM: The conduct of at least 1 unsupervised charter or aerial work (air ambulance) flight for the operator using the kind of aeroplane.

9

Differences training

1. Person: an ACM.

2. New Requirement: Differences training for an operator and the kind of aeroplane in accordance with:

(a) subregulation 135.445 (2); and

(b) paragraph 13.03 (d) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Paragraph 13.03 (d) requires an ACM to successfully complete the operator’s differences training under section 13.07 of the Part 135 MOS.

1. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an ACM, under a T&CO.

2. Old event for the ACM: Successful completion for the operator and the kind of aeroplane, of differences training (however described) in accordance with the operator’s training and checking manual.

No expiry date.

3.Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an ACM, to whom paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the ACM: The conduct of at least 1 unsupervised charter or aerial work (air ambulance) flight for the operator using the kind of aeroplane.

10

Recurrent training and checking (general emergency check of competency)

1. Person: an ACM.

2. New Requirement: Successful completion, for the kind of aeroplane, of the operator’s recurrent training in accordance with:

(a) subregulation 135.445 (2); and

(b) paragraph 13.03 (e) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Under paragraph 13.03 (e) an ACM must successfully complete the operator’s recurrent training and checking under section 13.08 of the Part 135 MOS.

1. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an ACM, who was required under subsection 12 of CAO 20.11 to undertake and pass, for the kind of aeroplane, a recurrent emergency procedures proficiency test.

2. Old event for the ACM: Successful completion of the recurrent emergency procedures proficiency test, that applied for the operator and kind of aeroplane, and that was valid immediately before 2 December 2021.

For the general emergency check of competency, other than for the use of life rafts, the earlier of the following:

(a) the expiry date of the emergency procedures proficiency test;

(b) the day the ACM undertakes a recurrent general emergency check of competency mentioned in column 1;

(c) 2 December 2022.

For the general emergency check of competency for the use of life rafts, the earlier of the following:

(a) 3 years after the date of the emergency procedures proficiency test;

(b) the day the ACM undertakes a recurrent general emergency check of competency mentioned in column 1 for the use of life rafts;

(c) 2 December 2024.

3. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an ACM, to whom paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the ACM: Conduct of at least 1 unsupervised aerial work (air ambulance) flight for the operator using the kind of aeroplane.

11

Recurrent training and checking (proficiency check)

1. Person: an ACM.

2. New Requirement: For an ACM — successful completion, for the kind of aeroplane, of the operator’s recurrent proficiency check in accordance with:

(a) subregulation 135.445 (2); and

(b) paragraph 13.03 (e) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Under paragraph 13.03 (e) an ACM must successfully complete the operator’s recurrent training and checking under section 13.08 of the Part 135 MOS.

1. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an ACM, under a T&CO.

2. Old event for the ACM: Successful completion, under the T&CO, of a recurrent proficiency check (however described) for the kind of aeroplane, in accordance with the operator’s training and checking manual, and that was valid immediately before 2 December 2021.

In either case, the proficiency check must have been valid immediately before 2 December 2021.

The earlier of the following:

(a) the expiry date of the recurrent proficiency check;

(b) the day the ACM undertakes a recurrent proficiency check mentioned in column 1;

(c) 2 December 2022.

3. Person: a crew member to whom paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the ACM: Conduct of at least 1 unsupervised charter or aerial work (air ambulance) flight for the operator using the kind of aeroplane.

Medical transport specialists

12

General emergency training and check of competency

1. Person: a medical transport specialist (MTS).

2. New Requirement: Successful completion of the operator’s general emergency training and MTS general emergency check of competency for the aeroplane in accordance with:

(a) subregulation 135.460 (2);and

(b) paragraph 14.03 (a) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Under paragraph 12.03 (a) an MTS must successfully complete the operator’s general emergency training under section 14.04 of the Part 135 MOS.

1. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an MTS, who was required under subsection 12 of CAO 20.11 to undertake and pass, for the aeroplane, the emergency procedures proficiency test.

2. Old event for the MTS: Successful completion of the emergency procedures proficiency test, that applied for the operator and the aeroplane, and that was valid immediately before 2 December 2021.

For the general emergency training — no expiry date.

Note Remedial training under section 15.09 of the Part 135 MOS may still be required.

For the general emergency check of competency, other than for the use of life rafts, the earlier of the following:

(a) the expiry date of the emergency procedures proficiency test;

(b) the day the MTS undertakes a recurrent general emergency check of competency mentioned in column 1 of item 16;

(c) 2 December 2022.

For the general emergency check of competency for the use of life rafts, the earlier of the following:

(a) 3 years after the date of the emergency procedures proficiency test;

(b) the day the MTS undertakes a recurrent general emergency check of competency mentioned in column 1 of item 16 for the use of life rafts;

(c) 2 December 2024.

3. Person: A crew member, with duties analogous to those of an MTS, to whom paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the MTS: Conduct of at least 1 unsupervised aerial work (air ambulance) flight for the operator using the kind of aeroplane.

13

Conversion training and proficiency check

1. Person: an MTS

2. New Requirement: Successful completion, for the aeroplane, of the operator’s conversion training, and the operator’s MTS proficiency check in accordance with:

(a) subregulation 135.460 (2); and

(b) paragraph 14.03 (b) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Under paragraph 14.03 (b) an MTS must successfully complete the operator’s conversion training under section 14.05 of the Part 135 MOS.

1. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an MTS, who immediately before 2 December 2021 was subject to the operator’s T&COunder regulation 217 of CAR (an MTS under a T&CO).

2. Old event for the MTS: Successful completion, for the aeroplane, of the operator’s conversion training (however described) for the kind of aeroplane, and successful related proficiency check (however described) for the kind of aeroplane, in accordance with the operator’s training and checking manual.

In either case, the proficiency check must have been valid immediately before 2 December 2021.

For the operator’s conversion training — no expiry date.

Note Remedial training under section 12.09 of the Part 135 MOS may still be required.

For the operator’s MTS proficiency check — the earlier of the following:

(a) the day the proficiency check mentioned in column 2 expires;

(b) the day the MTS undertakes a recurrent proficiency check mentioned in column 1 of item 17;

(c) 2 December 2022.

3. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an MTS, to whom paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the MTS: Conduct of at least 1 unsupervised charter or aerial work (air ambulance) flight for the operator using the kind of aeroplane.

14

Line training and line checking

1. Person: an MTS.

2. New Requirement: Successful completion, for a aeroplane, of the operator’s line training, and the operator’s MTS line check, in accordance with:

(a) subregulation 135.460 (2); and

(b) paragraph 14.03 (c) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Under paragraph 14.03 (c) an MTS must successfully complete the operator’s line training under section 14.06 of the Part 135 MOS.

1. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an MTS, under a T&CO.

2. Old event for the MTS: Successful completion, under the T&CO, of the operator’s line training (however described) and at least 1 of the following in accordance with the operator’s training and checking manual, that was valid immediately before 2 December 2021:

(a) a line check (however described) for the aeroplane;

(b) a proficiency check (however described) for the kind of aeroplane.

No expiry date.

3. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an MTS, to whom paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the MTS: The conduct of at least 1 unsupervised charter or aerial work (air ambulance) flight for the operator using the kind of aeroplane.

15

Differences training

1. Person: an MTS.

2. New Requirement: Differences training for an operator and the kind of aeroplane in accordance with:

(a) subregulation 135.460 (2); and

(b) paragraph 14.03 (d) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Paragraph 14.03 (d) requires an MTS to successfully complete the operator’s differences training under section 14.07 of the Part 135 MOS.

1. Person: a crew member under a T&CO, with duties analogous to those of an MTS.

2. Old event for the MTS: Successful completion for the operator and the kind of aeroplane, of differences training (however described) in accordance with the operator’s training and checking manual.

No expiry date.

3. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an MTS, to whom paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the MTS: The conduct of at least 1 unsupervised charter or aerial work (air ambulance) flight for the operator using the kind of aeroplane.

16

Recurrent training and checking (general emergency check of competency)

1. Person: an MTS

2. New Requirement: Successful completion, for the kind of aeroplane, of the operator’s recurrent MTS general emergency check of competency in accordance with:

(a) subregulation 135.460 (2); an

(b) paragraph 14.03 (e) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Under paragraph 14.03 (e) an ACM must successfully complete the operator’s recurrent training and checking under section 14.08 of the Part 135 MOS.

1. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an MTS, who was required under subsection 12 of CAO 20.11 to undertake and pass, for the kind of aeroplane, a recurrent emergency procedures proficiency test.

2. Old event for the MTS: Successful completion of the recurrent emergency procedures proficiency test, that applied for the operator and kind of aeroplane, and that was valid immediately before 2 December 2021.

For the recurrent general emergency check of competency, other than for the use of life rafts, the earlier of the following:

(a) the expiry date of the emergency procedures proficiency test;

(b) the day the MTS undertakes a recurrent general emergency check of competency mentioned in column 1;

(c) 2 December 2022.

For the recurrent general emergency check of competency for the use of life rafts, the earlier of the following:

(a) 3 years after the date of the emergency procedures proficiency test;

(b) the day the MTS undertakes a recurrent general emergency check mentioned in column 1 for the use of life rafts;

(c) 2 December 2024.

3. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an MTS, to whom paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the MTS: Conduct of at least 1 unsupervised aerial work (air ambulance) flight for the operator using the kind of aeroplane.

17

Recurrent training and checking (proficiency check of competency)

1. Person: an MTS.

2. New Requirement: Successful completion, for the kind of aeroplane, of the operator’s recurrent MTS proficiency check in accordance with:

(a) subregulation 135.460 (2); and

(b) paragraph 14.03 (e) of the Part 135 MOS.

Note Under paragraph 14.03 (e) an MTS must successfully complete the operator’s recurrent training and checking under section 14.08 of the Part 135 MOS.

1. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an MTS, under a T&CO.

2. Old event for the MTS: Successful completion, under the T&CO, of a recurrent proficiency check (however described) for the kind of aeroplane, in accordance with the operator’s training and checking manual, that was valid immediately before 2 December 2021.

The earlier of the following:

(a) the expiry date of the recurrent proficiency check mentioned in column 2;

(b) the day the MTS undertakes a recurrent proficiency check mentioned in column 1;

(c) 2 December 2022.

3. Person: a crew member, with duties analogous to those of an MTS, to whom paragraph 1 does not apply.

4. Old event for the MTS: Conduct of at least 1 unsupervised charter or aerial work (air ambulance) flight for the operator using the kind of aeroplane.

\n```","sortOrder":5}],"analysis":{"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"Unauthenticated. Configure AI_GATEWAY_API_KEY or use a provider module. Learn more: https://ai-sdk.dev/unauthenticated-ai-gateway","source":"analysis-cron"},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":8,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This determination is a transitional measure that implements the original purpose of easing the shift from the pre-existing CAO/CAR training and checking regime to the CASR Part 135 / Subpart 121.Z framework. It does not broaden the regulatory reach beyond that transitional aim: it limits recognition to listed old events, to specific person categories and flight types, and to defined expiry triggers. In short, the instrument preserves the original scope (temporary recognition of specified legacy events) rather than expanding the substantive regulatory obligations or creating permanent exemptions."},"complexity_factors":["Long Schedule (17 items) mapping many old events to many new requirements across multiple crew types (FCM, ACM, MTS, and crew under a T&CO).","Numerous cross-references to multiple instruments: CAO 20.11, CAO 82.0, Civil Aviation Regulations 1988 (CAR), CASR provisions (e.g. 135.380, 135.445, 135.460), and multiple paragraphs/sections of the Part 135 Manual of Standards (MOS).","Multiple defined terms and layered definitions (see instrument Definitions and notes; also reliance on CASR Dictionary definitions).","Complex conditional expiry logic in Schedule 1 — many 'earlier of' formulations combining: (a) expiry of old proficiency tests, (b) the date a recurrent check is later undertaken, (c) fixed calendar deadlines (notably 2 December 2022 and 2 December 2024), and (d) multi-year rules for life-raft competency.","Different rules depending on whether a person was under a T&CO immediately before 2 Dec 2021, producing parallel pathways and exceptions.","Mix of 'no expiry date' outcomes for some training items and finite expiry for closely related checks, increasing the potential for operator confusion.","Cross-cutting remedial training references (e.g. Part 135 MOS sections 12.09, 14.09, 15.09), which operators must reconcile with their own manuals.","Heavy use of conditional terminology: 'taken to have happened', 'taken to have been met', 'unless a contrary intention appears', and multiple notes, increasing interpretation burden."],"plain_english_summary":"**What this instrument does (mechanics)\n\n- This is a CASA determination that temporarily treats certain training and checking events done under the old rules (CAO 20.11, CAO 82.0 and CAR) as if they met the new CASR Part 135 / Subpart 121.Z training and checking requirements. (See section 6 and Schedule 1.)\n\n- In practical terms: if, before 2 December 2021, a crew member completed an old-style event listed in Schedule 1, that old event is treated as though the crew member has completed the corresponding new-style requirement — provided the flight occurs on or after 2 December 2021 and before the expiry date shown in the Schedule. (Section 6(a)–(e).)\n\n- The Schedule lists many types of events (general emergency training and checks, conversion training and proficiency checks, line training and line checks, recurrent training/checks, differences training, and equivalents for medical transport specialists). For each new CASR requirement the Schedule identifies: (a) which old event will be taken to satisfy it, (b) the class of person to whom it applies (flight crew member, air crew member, medical transport specialist, or crew under an operator’s training & checking organisation (T&CO)), and (c) the expiry rule or deadline that limits how long the old event can be relied on. (Schedule 1 items 1–17.)\n\n- Common expiry rules in the Schedule include:\n - “No expiry date” for completion of operator training (i.e. the training itself is taken to have happened with no automatic expiry), but separate checks may still expire or be limited. (See several Schedule items.)\n - For many checks the old event remains valid only until the earlier of a small number of triggers (for example: the expiry date of the old proficiency test, the day a recurrent check is undertaken, or a hard deadline of 2 December 2022). (See Schedule columns 2–3.)\n - For life-raft competency the Schedule uses a longer deadline in some cases (up to 3 years after the old proficiency test or 2 December 2024, whichever comes earlier). (See Schedule notes to items covering life-raft checks.)\n\n\nWho is affected\n\n- Primary affected parties: flight crew members (FCMs), air crew members (ACMs), medical transport specialists (MTSs), operators of Part 135/Subpart 121.Z services, and crew who were previously managed under an operator’s T&CO. (Definitions and Schedule.)\n\n- Secondary actors: operators’ training departments and training record-keepers, because they must decide whether to rely on old events and record the basis for continued operational eligibility.\n\n\nWhy it matters (official purpose and practical effect)\n\n- Official purpose: the instrument is a transitional determination under regulation 202.418(3) of CASR that smooths the shift from the older regulatory instruments (CAOs / CAR) to the CASR Part 135 / Subpart 121.Z requirements by recognising certain previously valid training/checking events as meeting the new rules for a limited period (section 4; section 6; Schedule 1).\n\n- Practical effect: it reduces immediate retraining and re-checking costs and administrative disruption for operators and crew when the new CASR material came into force. Individuals who completed specified old events before 2 December 2021 can continue to fly under the new regime for the periods shown in the Schedule without re-doing the new-form training/checking right away.\n\n\nTesting that purpose against trade-offs, costs and incentives\n\n- Who pays / who benefits: The immediate financial benefit accrues to operators and crew (lower short-term retraining and scheduling cost). The regulator (CASA) accepts a transitional recognition cost in order to limit disruption. Operators save direct retraining expense and avoid short-term crew shortages; crew avoid having to re-attend training or checks on short notice. (Section 6 and Schedule 1.)\n\n- Behavioural incentives: Operators can lawfully rely on pre-2 December 2021 events to delay or phase-in CASR-compliant training/checking. That creates a predictable incentive to postpone duplicative training during the transitional window and to prioritise other operational needs. Operators also must decide whether to run remedial training where the MOS requires it (notes in Schedule reference remedial provisions such as Part 135 MOS section 12.09, 14.09, 15.09 etc.).\n\n- Opportunity costs and trade-offs: The determination trades faster operational continuity and cost savings for a limited period against the risk that some crew will operate under new regulatory structures without having completed training/checking designed under CASR. That risk is mitigated by time-limited expiry rules, recurrence triggers, and explicit links to operator manuals and the Part 135 MOS.\n\n- Implementation and compliance risks:\n - Administrative complexity: operators must track multiple, overlapping expiry triggers (explicit dates such as 2 December 2022; the expiry of an old proficiency test; the date a recurrent check is later carried out; different rules for life-raft competency). That increases record-keeping and decision-making burden. (See Schedule expiry rules.)\n - Ambiguity potential: cross-references to CAO 20.11, CAO 82.0, CAR (as in force immediately before 2 Dec 2021), CASR provisions (e.g. 135.380, 135.445, 135.460) and multiple MOS paragraphs create a web of interlinked sources that operators must reconcile to confirm whether an old event qualifies. (Definitions and Schedule cross-references.)\n - Reliance on unsupervised flights or T&CO descriptions as qualifying old events: some Schedule entries allow operators to rely on conduct of one unsupervised charter or aerial work flight, or training/checking performed under a T&CO, to meet a new CASR requirement. That lowers the bar for qualification but shifts the burden to the operator to demonstrate the old event met the stated conditions.\n\n- Effects on private enterprise and market choice: The determination lowers short-term compliance costs for smaller operators who otherwise would need immediate retraining. Because the transitional relief is time-limited and tied to specific old events, it is not a permanent competitive advantage; it mainly eases the initial administrative and financial impact of the regulatory change. (See Schedule and section 6.)\n\n- Concentrated benefits / diffuse costs: Benefits are concentrated (operators and individual crew who had valid old events). Any safety or oversight cost, if it materialised, would be dispersed and borne collectively (e.g. increased oversight need by CASA or reputational risk to an operator). The instrument’s fixed deadlines and triggers reduce the duration of that dispersion.\n\n\nWho decides and what to do differently (plain declarative sentences)\n\n- CASA (through the delegate) decides that specified old events count as compliance with the new CASR requirements for limited periods. (Instrument header and section 6.)\n\n- Operators decide whether to rely on these transitional recognitions. If they do, they must document which old event is relied on, verify the event met the conditions in Schedule 1, and track the applicable expiry trigger. (Section 6 and Schedule 1.)\n\n- Crew who meet the Schedule’s old-event criteria can continue to operate without immediately repeating the new-style training/checking until the applicable expiry condition occurs. After the expiry trigger operators/crew must meet the CASR requirements (for example by completing recurrent checks required by Part 135 MOS). (Schedule expiry rules; cross-reference notes to Part 135 MOS.)\n\n\nKey references in the instrument\n\n- Legal basis and operation: subregulation 202.418(3) of CASR (instrument purpose, section 4; determination mechanics, section 6).\n- Transitional mapping and expiry rules: Schedule 1 (Table, items 1–17) cross-referencing CAO 20.11, CAO 82.0, CAR, CASR provisions (e.g. 135.380, 135.445, 135.460) and the Part 135 Manual of Standards (MOS).\n\n\nPractical steps for operators (concise)\n\n- Review Schedule 1 to identify which old events can be relied on for each crew category and aircraft type/class. (Schedule 1.)\n- Check training/ proficiency-check records to confirm the old event was valid immediately before 2 December 2021 and meets the Schedule’s description. (Schedule 1 column 2.)\n- Record reliance on the determination and monitor the expiry trigger(s) that apply (expiry dates and “earlier of” rules in column 3). (Section 6 and Schedule 1.)\n- Plan to run CASR-compliant recurrent training/checks before the expiry trigger for each crew member, and use MOS remedial provisions where required.\n"},"kimi_summary":{"_metrics":{"completionTokens":629},"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":8,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This instrument maintains its original transitional purpose. It was designed to bridge old and new training requirements for Part 135/Subpart 121.Z operations, and the detailed table structure with multiple crew member categories and expiry date calculations reflects this intended scope."},"complexity_factors":["Dense cross-referencing to multiple legislative instruments (CASR, CAR, CAO 20.11, CAO 82.0, Part 135 MOS)","17 detailed table items with multiple sub-paragraphs each","Nested conditional logic: different expiry dates based on flight type (IFR/NVFR/VFR), person type, and whether under old Training & Checking Organisation","Multiple date calculations: 'earlier of' clauses with up to 5 alternatives per item","References to 'however described' provisions creating interpretive uncertainty","Overlapping applicability between Part 135 and Subpart 121.Z of CASR","Deemed dates and deemed expiry concepts in section 3(5)","Differential treatment of life raft training with 3-year horizons vs other emergency training"],"plain_english_summary":"This instrument is a transitional arrangement for flight and air crew (including medical transport specialists) operating specified small commercial aeroplanes. It recognises certain training, conversion, line and recurrent checks completed under the old rules before 2 December 2021 as meeting the new CASR Part 135 requirements for a limited time. \n\nThe purpose is to avoid a cliff edge at the regulatory changeover by granting a temporary grace period for existing qualifications while ensuring eventual compliance with the new regime."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/casa-93-21-training-and-checking-casr-part-135-and-subpart-121-z-determination-2021","history":"/api/acts/casa-93-21-training-and-checking-casr-part-135-and-subpart-121-z-determination-2021/history","analysis":"/api/acts/casa-93-21-training-and-checking-casr-part-135-and-subpart-121-z-determination-2021/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/casa-93-21-training-and-checking-casr-part-135-and-subpart-121-z-determination-2021/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/casa-93-21-training-and-checking-casr-part-135-and-subpart-121-z-determination-2021/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/casa-93-21-training-and-checking-casr-part-135-and-subpart-121-z-determination-2021/documents"}}