{"id":"F2017L00999","name":"CASA 73/17 — Civil Aircraft in Australian Territory (Interception) Direction 2017","slug":"casa-73-17-civil-aircraft-in-australian-territory-interception-direction-2017","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":96899,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2017L00999-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-02","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"CASA 73/17 — Civil Aircraft in Australian Territory (Interception) Direction 2017","content":"CASA 73/17 — Civil Aircraft in Australian Territory (Interception) Direction 2017\n\nas amended\n\nmade under regulation 11.245 of the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998.\n\nThis compilation was prepared on 25 July 2025 taking into account amendments up to CASA 43/25 — Interception of Civil Aircraft (CASA 73/17) Amendment Instrument 2025. It is a compilation of CASA 73/17 — Civil Aircraft in Australian Territory (Interception) Direction 2017, as amended and in force on 25 July 2025.\n\nPrepared by the Legal Services Branch, Legal, International & Regulatory Affairs Division, Civil Aviation Safety Authority, Canberra.\n\nCompilation No. 2.\n\n1A Name\n\nThis instrument is CASA 73/17 — Civil Aircraft in Australian Territory (Interception) Direction 2017.\n\n1 Duration\n\nThis instrument:\n\n(b) is repealed at the end of 31 July 2028.\n\n> Note For regulation 11.250 of CASR, the directions in section 4 continue to be in force until the repeal of this instrument.\n\n2 Definitions\n\n> Note In this instrument, certain terms and expressions have the same meaning as they have in the Civil Aviation Act 1988 and the regulations. These include: AOC, foreign air transport AOC and foreign registered aircraft.\n\nIn this instrument:\n\n> ICAO Annex 2 means Annex 2 to the Chicago Convention, as in force from time to time.\n\n3 Application\n\nThis instrument applies to the pilot in command of an aircraft for a flight if:\n\n(a) the aircraft is:\n\n(i) a foreign registered aircraft that is operating in Australian territory under a foreign air transport AOC; or\n\n(ii) a foreign registered aircraft that is operating in Australian territory under a New Zealand AOC with ANZA privileges that is in force for Australia; and\n\n(b) the aircraft is intercepted by another aircraft during the flight.\n\n> Note Regulation 91.695 of CASR (Interception of aircraft) applies in relation to other civil aircraft flying in Australian territory. The pilot in command of such an aircraft must comply with interception procedures under Chapter 23 of the Part 91 Manual of Standards.\n\n4 Directions\n\nThe pilot in command must comply with the applicable procedures for the pilot in command of an intercepted aircraft as set out in:\n\n(a) ICAO Annex 2 – Appendix 1 – Signals – Section 2 – Signals for use in the event of interception; and\n\n(b) ICAO Annex 2 – Appendix 2 – Interception of Civil Aircraft, Attachment A – Interception of Civil Aircraft.\n\n> Note to CASA 73/17 — Civil Aircraft in Australian Territory (Interception) Direction 2017\n\n> Note: CASA 73/17 — Civil Aircraft in Australian Territory (Interception) Direction 2017) as shown in this compilation comprises CASA 73/17 — Civil Aircraft in Australian Territory (Interception) Direction 2017) amended as indicated in the Tables below.\n\n> Note: > Note: Table of Orders\n\n| Year andnumber | Date of registration on FRL | Date ofcommencement | Application, saving or transitional provisions |\n| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------- |\n| CASA 73/17 -Direction — interception of civil aircraft in Australian territory | 07 August 2017(see F2017L00999) | 8 August 2017 (see para. 1(a)) | — |\n| CASA 33/22 — Interception of Civil Aircraft (CASA 73/17) Amendment Instrument 2022 | 29 July 2022(see F2022L01015) | 29 July 2022 (see s. 2) | — |\n| CASA 43/25 — Interception of Civil Aircraft (CASA 73/17) Amendment Instrument 2025 | 25 July 2025(see F2025L00869) | 4.42 p.m. (A.C.T.) 25 July 2025 (see s. 2) | — |\n\n```html\n

Table of Amendments

ad. = added or inserted am. = amended rep. = repealed rs. = repealed and substituted

Provision affected

How affected

Instrument name

s. 1A

para. 1(a)

para. 1(b)

s. 2

s. 3

s. 4

rs F2022L01015

ad. F2022L01015

rep. Legislation Act 2003, s 48D

am F2022L01015, F2025L00869

am F2022L01015

am F2022L01015

rs. F2022L01015

\n```","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":2,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The instrument maintains its original narrow scope. The 2022 and 2025 amendments were minor housekeeping changes: updating the instrument name format, removing a commencement date provision (due to Legislation Act changes), and extending the sunset date to 2028. The core purpose — directing foreign aircraft pilots on interception procedures — remains unchanged since 2017."},"complexity_factors":["Very short instrument — only 4 substantive sections plus definitions","Only 1 defined term ('ICAO Annex 2') in the instrument itself; other terms imported by reference from parent Act and regulations","No nested exceptions or conditional logic — simple 'if X applies, then do Y' structure","Heavy reliance on external documents (ICAO Annex 2) rather than setting out procedures in the text itself","Minimal cross-referencing — only references to enabling regulation (11.245 of CASR 1998) and related CASR provision (91.695)","Straightforward application test: foreign aircraft + New Zealand or foreign AOC + interception = compliance obligation"],"plain_english_summary":"This CASA safety direction tells pilots of foreign‑registered aircraft operating in Australia under a foreign AOC or a New Zealand AOC with ANZA privileges what to do if intercepted in Australian airspace. It requires the pilot‑in‑command to follow ICAO Annex 2 visual signals and interception procedures. That clarity ensures intercepted flights respond safely and consistently to military or authorised intercepts, reducing the risk of miscommunication or escalation."},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"Unauthenticated. Configure AI_GATEWAY_API_KEY or use a provider module. Learn more: https://ai-sdk.dev/unauthenticated-ai-gateway","source":"analysis-cron"},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"The 2022 and 2025 amendments altered the instrument text (see Table of Amendments). The application was made to explicitly cover foreign-registered aircraft operating under New Zealand AOCs with ANZA privileges (s.3) and references to operative materials were updated (s.4 and s.2 note). These changes broadened the expressly listed classes of affected flights and updated cross-references to external standards."},"complexity_factors":["Short, narrowly targeted instrument with a single mandatory duty (low structural complexity).","Direct reliance on external international material (ICAO Annex 2 Appendices) for operative content, requiring users to consult and track updates (s.4).","Cross-reference to Civil Aviation Safety Regulations and defined terms in other Acts increases interpretive steps (s.2, note).","Amendments over time (2022, 2025) changed wording and references, so historical versions matter (Table of Amendments).","Temporal limitation (repeal date 31 July 2028) creates a time‑bound compliance horizon (s.1).","Limited enforcement details in the instrument itself—enforcement and procedural specifics rely on CASR/regulatory materials (note to s.3)."],"plain_english_summary":"This instrument requires the pilot in command of certain foreign-registered aircraft intercepted in Australian territory to follow the interception procedures in ICAO Annex 2 (Appendices). It applies to foreign-registered aircraft operating under foreign air transport AOCs and to aircraft operating under New Zealand AOCs with ANZA privileges, and will be repealed on 31 July 2028. The rule creates a direct compliance duty on affected pilots and makes compliance dependent on the external ICAO texts referenced (s.4)."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/casa-73-17-civil-aircraft-in-australian-territory-interception-direction-2017","history":"/api/acts/casa-73-17-civil-aircraft-in-australian-territory-interception-direction-2017/history","analysis":"/api/acts/casa-73-17-civil-aircraft-in-australian-territory-interception-direction-2017/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/casa-73-17-civil-aircraft-in-australian-territory-interception-direction-2017/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/casa-73-17-civil-aircraft-in-australian-territory-interception-direction-2017/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/casa-73-17-civil-aircraft-in-australian-territory-interception-direction-2017/documents"}}