{"id":"F2017L00954","name":"CASA 70/17 - Direction — stop bars","slug":"casa-70-17-direction-stop-bars","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":96841,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2017L00954-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-02","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"CASA 70/17 - Direction — stop bars","content":"Instrument number CASA 70/17\n\nI, GRAEME MILLS CRAWFORD, Aviation Group Manager, a delegate of CASA, make this instrument under subregulation 99AA (5) of the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988.\n\n\\[Signed G.M. Crawford\\]\n\nGraeme M. Crawford  \nAviation Group Manager\n\n21 July 2017\n\nDirection — stop bars\n\n1 Commencement\n\nThis instrument commences on 15 August 2017.\n\n2 Repeal\n\nInstrument 466/07 is repealed.\n\n3 Definitions\n\nIn this instrument:\n\n> stop bar has the same meaning as in the Manual of Standards (MOS) — Part 139 Aerodromes.\n\n4 Application\n\nThis instrument applies to the pilot in command of an aircraft (the aircraft) if the pilot in command approaches a stop bar at a controlled aerodrome that is illuminated.\n\n5 Directions\n\n(1) Subject to subsection (2), CASA directs the pilot in command of the aircraft not to pass a stop bar at a controlled aerodrome that is illuminated.\n\n(2) Despite subsection (1), CASA directs that the pilot in command of the aircraft may pass a stop bar that is illuminated if:\n\n(a) air traffic control advises the pilot in command that ATS stop bar contingency measures are in effect in relation to the stop bar; and\n\n(b) air traffic control instructs the pilot in command to cross the stop bar and identifies the stop bar by reference to the specific holding position.","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":2,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This instrument maintains its original narrow scope. It replaces a previous instrument (466/07) with the same essential purpose: regulating pilot behaviour at illuminated stop bars. The scope remains tightly focused on this specific safety control measure without expansion into broader aerodrome operations."},"complexity_factors":["Very short instrument (5 sections, approximately 250 words)","Only 1 defined term ('stop bar'), which references an external document (Manual of Standards — Part 139)","Simple conditional structure: general prohibition in subsection (1), single exception in subsection (2)","No cross-references to other legislation beyond the enabling regulation (subregulation 99AA(5))","Clear, direct language with minimal legal drafting conventions"],"plain_english_summary":"This direction tells pilots at controlled Australian aerodromes they must not cross an illuminated stop bar — a red taxiway light row that marks a safety barrier to active runways. \n\nCrossing is only permitted if air traffic control confirms specific backup safety measures are in place and gives an explicit instruction identifying the holding position. It tightens runway-incursion protection by making the prohibition the default, with a narrow ATC-managed exception."},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":2,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"This instrument expressly repeals Instrument 466/07 (s2) and replaces the regulatory statement on illuminated stop bars with a concise prohibition plus a narrow ATC-authorised exception (ss4–5). Absent the text of the repealed instrument, the instrument clearly defines current scope (applies to the pilot in command approaching an illuminated stop bar at a controlled aerodrome) and delegates permissive discretion to ATC via an identified contingency-and-instruction mechanism, but a definitive direction on whether overall scope has been broadened or narrowed requires comparison with the repealed instrument."},"complexity_factors":["Single, concise prohibitory rule aimed at the pilot in command (application: ss4–5).","Narrow, two-part exception that depends on an ATC declaration and a specific ATC instruction (s5(2)(a)–(b)).","Definition of 'stop bar' is external — cross-references the Manual of Standards (MOS) — Part 139 (s3), requiring users to consult another instrument for a full meaning.","Made under subregulation 99AA(5) of the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988 — a statutory cross-reference to parent regulation.","Repeal of Instrument 466/07 (s2) creates a need to compare texts to determine prior regime differences.","Operational wording ('approaches a stop bar', 'identified by reference to the specific holding position') may require practical interpretation by ATC and operators.","Short text limits internal drafting complexity but increases dependence on ATC procedures and MOS guidance for implementation and compliance."],"plain_english_summary":"_This direction tells pilots not to cross an illuminated stop bar at a controlled aerodrome unless air traffic control says specific contingency measures apply and expressly instructs the pilot to cross, naming the holding position._\n\n_It applies to the pilot in command and matters because it shifts the legal authority to permit crossing to air traffic control under a narrow, documented exception._"}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/casa-70-17-direction-stop-bars","history":"/api/acts/casa-70-17-direction-stop-bars/history","analysis":"/api/acts/casa-70-17-direction-stop-bars/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/casa-70-17-direction-stop-bars/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/casa-70-17-direction-stop-bars/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/casa-70-17-direction-stop-bars/documents"}}