{"id":"F2015L00095","name":"CASA 03/15 - Maintenance on warbird and historic and replica aircraft (WHR) - directions and licence conditions","slug":"casa-03-15-maintenance-on-warbird-and-historic-and-replica-aircraft-whr-directions-and-licence-condi","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"repealed","isInForce":false,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":92662,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2015L00095-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-02","status":"Repealed","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Commencement, taking effect and duration","content":"1 Commencement, taking effect and duration\n\n(1) This instrument commences on the day of registration.\n\n(2) This instrument takes effect for a COA holder immediately after subsection 8 of Civil Aviation Order 104.0 (Certificates of approval — application, grant and conditions) (CAO 104.0) as amended by the Civil Aviation Order 104.0 Amendment Instrument 2015 (No. 1) takes effect for the holder.\n\n(3) This instrument takes effect for each of a COA holder’s employed authority or type rating holders, and WHR employees, immediately after the direction takes effect for the COA holder.\n\n(4) This instrument expires at the end of December 2016, as if it had been repealed by another instrument.\n\n","sortOrder":0},{"sectionNumber":"2","sectionType":"section","heading":"Repeal","content":"2 Repeal\n\nInstrument CASA 197/13 is repealed.\n\n","sortOrder":1},{"sectionNumber":"3","sectionType":"section","heading":"Definitions","content":"3 Definitions\n\nIn this instrument:\n\n> AEL means aircraft engineer licence.\n\n> authority or type rating holder means a person who holds 1 or more of the following:\n\n(a) an airworthiness authority under paragraph 33B (1) (a) of the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988 (CAR 1988) to carry out maintenance on a WHR;\n\n> Note The abbreviation WHR is used to denote a class of aircraft comprising Warbird aircraft, Historic aircraft and Replica aircraft and is defined in this section.\n\n(b) an airworthiness authority under paragraph 33B (1) (d) of CAR 1988 to conduct non-destructive testing (NDT) of aircraft and aircraft components;\n\n(c) an aircraft welding authority under subregulation 33D (1) of CAR 1988;\n\n(d) an authorisation under subregulation 42ZC (6) of CAR 1988 to carry out maintenance for paragraph 42ZC (4) (e) of CAR 1988;\n\n(e) a category B1 or B2 licence with a rating for a type rated aircraft type that is a WHR.\n\n> Note Type rated aircraft type is defined in Part 3 of the Dictionary in CASR 1998.\n\n> CAO means Civil Aviation Order.\n\n> category B1 licence holder has the same meaning as in subregulation 66.010 (1) of CASR 1998.\n\n> category B2 licence holder has the same meaning as in subregulation 66.010 (1) of CASR 1998.\n\n> certification authorisation, for an employee of a COA holder, means a certification authorisation issued by the COA holder under subsection 8 of CAO 104.0, authorising the employee to perform Part 1 WHR maintenance.\n\n> COA holder means a person who holds a certificate of approval under regulation 30 of CAR 1988 for maintenance of aircraft, aircraft components or aircraft materials.\n\n> employed authority or type rating holder means a person who is an authority or type rating holder employed by a COA holder.\n\n> independent engineer means a person who is not an employee of a COA holder, and:\n\n(a) who is either:\n\n(i) a licenced aircraft maintenance engineer who may perform maintenance certification for maintenance on a class B aircraft under paragraph 42ZC (4) (b) of CAR 1988; or\n\n(ii) an authority or type rating holder; and\n\n(b) whose licence, authority or type rating under subparagraph (a) (i) or (a) (ii) is such as to permit the person to perform maintenance certification for the maintenance of a WHR under paragraph 42ZC (4) (b) of CAR 1988.\n\n> Note Paragraph 42ZC (4) (b) of CAR 1988 excludes Schedule 7 maintenance. All such licences, authorities and type rating are subject to the condition imposed under section 7.\n\n> Part 1 WHR licence means a licence in the Licence Category mentioned for a WHR in column 2 of Part 1 of the table in Schedule 1.\n\n> Part 2 WHR licence means a licence in the Licence Category mentioned for a WHR in column 2 of Part 2 of the table in Schedule 1.\n\n> Part 1 WHR maintenance means maintenance on a WHR mentioned in Part 1 of the table in Schedule 1.\n\n> Part 2 WHR maintenance means maintenance on a WHR mentioned in Part 2 of the table in Schedule 1.\n\n> scheduled maintenance, for a WHR, means maintenance that is scheduled by the maintenance schedule that applies to the WHR.\n\n> Note Maintenance schedule is defined in subregulation 2 (1) of CAR 1988.\n\n> trained WHR employee means a WHR employee of a COA holder who:\n\n(a) has successfully completed training and assessment in accordance with subsection 8 of CAO 104.0; and\n\n(b) holds a current certification authorisation.\n\n> unlisted turbine-powered WHR means a turbine-powered WHR that is:\n\n(a) not mentioned in Part 1 or Part 2 of the table in Schedule 1; or\n\n(b) deemed by paragraph 7.3 to be an unlisted turbine-powered WHR.\n\n> unscheduled maintenance, for a WHR, means maintenance that is neither scheduled maintenance nor maintenance referred to in Schedule 7 of CAR 1988.\n\n> WHR means an aircraft that is:\n\n(a) either:\n\n(i) manufactured in accordance with the requirements of, and accepted for use by, an armed force; or\n\n> Note Such an aircraft is colloquially known as a warbird.\n\n(ii) an historic or replica aircraft that CASA or an authorised person is satisfied meets the airworthiness requirements for the issue of a standard certificate of airworthiness (except any requirements that are inappropriate for the special purpose for which the aircraft is to be used); and\n\n(b) issued with:\n\n(i) a special certificate of airworthiness for limited category aircraft under regulation 21.189 of CASR 1998; or\n\n(ii) an experimental certificate for aircraft under paragraph 21.191 (d) or (e) of CASR 1998.\n\n> Note The tables in Parts 1 and 2 of Schedule 1 refer to an aircraft in terms of its combined airframe and engine type as mentioned in the subcolumns of column 1 of the tables.\n\n> WHR employee means a person who is an employee of a COA holder and who is:\n\n(a) a category B1 licence holder in a subcategory that is applicable to the WHR on which he or she proposes to carry out maintenance under subsection 8 of CAO 104.0; or\n\n(b) a category B2 licence holder.\n\n","sortOrder":2},{"sectionNumber":"4","sectionType":"section","heading":"Application","content":"4 Application\n\n(1) This instrument applies for the carrying out of maintenance on a WHR.\n\n> Note The instrument contains directions and conditions variously addressed to COA holders, their employees, and independent engineers.\n\n(2) This instrument does not affect the operation of regulation 42G of CAR 1988.\n\n> Note Regulation 42G of CAR 1988 concerns who may be qualified as an “appropriate person” to conduct the independent inspection required when an aircraft flight control system is assembled, adjusted, repaired, modified or replaced in the course of maintenance on the aircraft.\n\n(3) Subject to section 7, this instrument does not affect the operation of paragraph 42ZC (4) (b) of CAR 1988 in respect of a class B aircraft.\n\n> Note Paragraph 42ZC (4) (b) of CAR 1988 concerns maintenance on a class B aircraft (other than as mentioned in Schedule 7 of CAR 1988) carried out by an independent engineer not engaged by a COA holder, or carried out by a person employed by such an engineer.\n\n(4) This instrument does not affect the operation of paragraph 42ZC (4) (d) of CAR 1988 in respect of a WHR.\n\n> Note Paragraph 42ZC (4) (d) of CAR 1988 concerns maintenance, specified in Schedule 8 of CAR 1988, that may be carried out by a pilot on a class B aircraft. A WHR is a class B aircraft.\n\n(5) This instrument does not affect a category B1 licence holder, or a category B2 licence holder, who is authorised to carry out the maintenance mentioned in Schedule 8 of CAR 1988.\n\n> Note Under instrument CASA 155/11, for paragraph 42ZC (4) (e) of CAR 1988, each subcategory B1 licence holder, or category B2 licence holder, is authorised to carry out the maintenance mentioned in Schedule 8 of CAR 1988 on any class B aircraft, including a WHR.\n\n(6) To avoid doubt, this instrument does not affect anything done for or under Part 145 of CASR 1998.\n\n","sortOrder":3},{"sectionNumber":"5","sectionType":"section","heading":"Direction for Part 1 WHR — COA holders and WHR maintenance","content":"5 Direction for Part 1 WHR — COA holders and WHR maintenance\n\n(1) A COA holder may only carry out Part 1 WHR maintenance if the maintenance is carried out by:\n\n(a) a trained WHR employee of the COA holder who holds a Part 1 WHR licence for the WHR and who holds a current certification authorisation; or\n\n(b) an employed authority or type rating holder who holds a current certification authorisation.\n\n(2) Subject to section 8, a person may not carry out Part 1 WHR maintenance unless:\n\n(a) the maintenance is carried out under a COA holder; and\n\n(b) the person is:\n\n(i) a trained WHR employee of the COA holder who holds a Part 1 WHR licence for the WHR and who holds a current certification authorisation; or\n\n(ii) an employed authority or type rating holder who holds a current certification authorisation.\n\n","sortOrder":4},{"sectionNumber":"6","sectionType":"section","heading":"Direction for Part 2 WHR — COA holders and WHR maintenance","content":"6 Direction for Part 2 WHR — COA holders and WHR maintenance\n\n(1) A COA holder may only carry out Part 2 WHR maintenance if the maintenance is carried out by:\n\n(a) a WHR employee of the COA holder who holds a Part 2 WHR licence for the WHR (whether or not a trained WHR employee or the holder of a current certification authorisation); or\n\n(b) an employed authority or type rating holder (whether or not the holder of a current certification authorisation).\n\n(2) Subject to section 8, a person may not carry out Part 2 WHR maintenance unless:\n\n(a) the maintenance is carried out under a COA holder; and\n\n(b) the person is:\n\n(i) a WHR employee of the COA holder who holds a Part 2 WHR licence (whether or not a trained WHR employee or the holder of a current certification authorisation); or\n\n(ii) an employed authority or type rating holder (whether or not the holder of a current certification authorisation).\n\n> Note Section 5 is consistent with the current privileges of a COA holder, an employed licence holder, and an employed authority or type rating holder under CAR 1988 for Part 2 WHR maintenance. It is included in the Direction both for completeness and in anticipation of regulatory amendments which, in due course, will similarly codify the requirements for WHR.\n\n","sortOrder":5},{"sectionNumber":"7","sectionType":"section","heading":"Direction for other WHR — COA holders and WHR maintenance","content":"7 Direction for other WHR — COA holders and WHR maintenance\n\n(1) For an unlisted turbine-powered WHR, a COA holder may only carry out maintenance on the WHR as if it were Part 1 WHR maintenance and subsection 4 (1) applied to the holder for the WHR.\n\n> Note Over time, where, on the basis of analysis and experience, CASA is satisfied that it is safe to do so, CASA may amend this Direction by adding other WHR to Part 1 or Part 2 of the table in Schedule 1.\n\n(2) Subject to section 8, for an unlisted turbine-powered WHR, a person may only carry out maintenance on the WHR as if it were Part 1 WHR maintenance and subsection 4 (1) applied to the person for the WHR.\n\n(3) For subsections 7 (1) and 7 (2), a WHR with an airframe mentioned in column 1 of Part 2 of the table in Schedule 1, whose piston engine type has been modified to be a turbine engine type, is deemed to be an unlisted turbine-powered WHR.\n\n","sortOrder":6},{"sectionNumber":"8","sectionType":"section","heading":"Condition — on AEL or authority of independent engineer","content":"8 Condition — on AEL or authority of independent engineer\n\nFor subregulation 11.068 (1) of CASR 1998, it is a condition on the AEL, or the airworthiness authority or the aircraft welding authority of an independent engineer that, for Part 1 WHR maintenance, he or she may only perform maintenance certification for unscheduled maintenance that is not maintenance mentioned in Schedule 7 of CAR 1988.\n\n> Note 1 An independent engineer may perform maintenance certification for maintenance, or carry out aircraft maintenance or welding (as the case may be), on a class B aircraft (including a WHR mentioned in Part 2 of the table in Schedule 1) under paragraph 42ZC (4) (b) of CAR 1988. However, for a WHR mentioned in Part 1 of Schedule 1, he or she is restricted by this condition to performing maintenance certification, or carrying out aircraft maintenance or welding for unscheduled maintenance only.\n\n> Note 2 Under instrument CASA 155/11, for paragraph 42ZC (4) (e) of CAR 1988, each subcategory B1 licence holder, or category B2 licence holder, is authorised to carry out the maintenance mentioned in Schedule 8 of CAR 1988 on any class B aircraft, including a WHR.\n\n","sortOrder":7},{"sectionNumber":"Sch 1","sectionType":"schedule","heading":"WHR","content":"Schedule 1 — WHR\n\n","sortOrder":8},{"sectionNumber":"Part 1","sectionType":"part","heading":"– for an employed authority or type rating holder and a trained WHR employee – certification authorisation required","content":"Part 1 – for an employed authority or type rating holder and a trained WHR employee – certification authorisation required\n\n> Note 1 Only an employed authority or type rating holder or a trained WHR employee, issued with a certification authorisation, may carry out maintenance on these aircraft.\n\n> Note 2 The “Suggested identification for a certification authorisation” (if any) mentioned in column 3 of the tables in Appendix 3 refers to a suggested means of identifying certification authorisations for Civil Aviation Order 104.0. It is included here for information only.\n\n```html\n

Aircraft

Licence categories

Suggested identification for a certification authorisation

Airframe

Engine type

Aero Vodochody L 29 Delphin

Motorlet M‑701C 500

B1.1; B2

L29

Aero Vodochody L 39 Albatross

Ivchenko AI-25TL

B1.1; B2

L 39

BAC Jet Provost

A-S Viper

B1.1; B2

Jet Provost

BAC Strikemaster

Rolls-Royce Viper Mk.535 turbojet

B1.1; B2

Strikemaster

Bell Cobra

Lycoming T53‑L‑13

B1.3; B2

AH-1G

Bell Iroquois Huey

Lycoming T53‑L‑11

B1.3; B2

UH series

CAC Sabre

RR Avon

B1.1; B2

Sabre

Cessna Dragonfly

General Electric
J85-GE-17A

B1.1; B2

Dragonfly

DH 115 Vampire

DH Goblin

B1.1; B2

DH115

English Electric/Handley Page Canberra

RR Avon

B1.1; B2

Canberra

Folland Gnat

BS Orpheus

B1.1; B2

Gnat

Fouga CM 170 Magister

Turbomeca Marbore

B1.1; B2

CM 170

Gloster Meteor

RR Derwent

B1.1; B2

Meteor

Hawker Hunter

RR Avon

B1.1; B2

Hunter

Lockheed C121 Constellation

Wright R‑3350‑DA3

B1.2; B2

Constellation

Lockheed P2v Neptune

Wright R-3350 and Westinghouse J34

B1.1; B1.2; B2

Neptune

Mikoyan Mig 15

Klimov VK 1

B1.1; B2

Mig 15

Mikoyan Mig 17

Klimov VK-1F

B1.1; B2

Mig 17

Mikoyan Mig 21

Tumansky

B1.1; B2

Mig 21

Savoia Marchetti S211

P&W JT15D-4C

B1.1; B2

S211

Soko Galeb

A-S/RR Viper

B1.1; B2

Galeb

TS-11 Iskra

WSK SO-3

B1.1; B2

TS-11

\n```\n\n","sortOrder":9},{"sectionNumber":"Part 2","sectionType":"part","heading":"– for an employed authority or type rating holder and a WHR employee whether trained or not – certification authorisation not required","content":"Part 2 – for an employed authority or type rating holder and a WHR employee whether trained or not – certification authorisation not required\n\n> Note An employed authority or type rating holder, a trained WHR employee, and a WHR employee, who is not a trained WHR employee may carry out maintenance on these aircraft.\n\n```html\n

Aircraft

Licence categories

Airframe

Engine type

Aermacchi AM-3 Bosbok

Lycoming

B1.2; B2

AESL CT4/CT6

Cont IO-360

B1.2; B2

Antonov AN2 Colt

Shvetsov

B1.2; B2

Auster series

Piston
(various types)

B1.2; B2

BA/Klemm Eagle

Gypsy Major

B1.2; B2

BA/Klemm L-25 Swallow

Continental

B1.2; B2

Beech 18

PW R 985

B1.2; B2

Bell 47

Lycoming

B1.4; B2

CAC Boomerang

P&W R-1830

B1.2; B2

CAC Mustang

RR/Packard Merlin

B1.2; B2

CAC Winjeel

P&W R-985

B1.2; B2

CAC Wirraway

P&W R-1340

B1.2; B2

Cessna L19/305 Bird Dog

Cont. O-470

B1.2; B2

Cessna O2A/B

Cont. IO-360

B1.2; B2

Cessna 100, 200 series

Piston
(various types)

B1.2; B2

Comper Swift

Pobjoy/Gypsy Major

B1.2; B2

Consolidated Catalina

PW R-1830

B1.2; B2

Convair CV340

R-2800

B1.2; B2

Curtis P 40

Allison V‑1710
RR/Packard Merlin

B1.2; B2

DH 84 Dragon

Gypsy Major

B1.2; B2

DH 89 Dragon Rapide

Gyspy 6

B1.2; B2

DH 83 Fox Moth

Gypsy

B1.2; B2

DH 60 Moth

Gypsy

B1.2; B2

DH 94 Moth Minor

Gypsy Minor

B1.2; B2

DH 82 Tiger Moth

Gypsy Major

B1.2; B2

DHA3 Drover

Gypsy Major

B1.2; B2

DHC1 Chipmunk

Piston
(various types)

B1.2; B2

DHC 4 Caribou

PW R-2800

B1.2; B2

Douglas A-26/B-26 Attacker/Invader

PW R-2800

B1.2; B2

Douglas C47/DC3

PW R‑1830/
Wright R‑1820

B1.2; B2

Douglas DC4

PW R-2000

B1.2; B2

Extra 300L

Lycoming AEIO540

B1.2; B2

Fiat G59

RR/Packard Merlin

B1.2; B2

Grumman Avenger

Wright R‑2600

B1.2; B2

Grumman S2 Tracker

Wright R‑1820

B1.2; B2

Hawker Sea Fury

Bristol Centaurus

B1.2; B2

Lockheed Hudson

Wright R‑1820

B1.2; B2

Nanchang CJ 6

Zhouzhou

B1.2; B2

North American Mustang

RR/Packard Merlin

B1.2; B2

North American T28

Wright R‑1820

B1.2; B2

North American T6/SNJ/Harvard

P&W R-1340

B1.2; B2

Percival Provost Mk1

Alvis Leonides

B1.2; B2

Piper Cub series

Piston
(various types)

B1.2; B2

PZL Wilga

Ivchenko

B1.2; B2

Ryan (all)

Kinner, Gypsy Major, Menasco Pirate

B1.2; B2

Short Scion

Pobjoy

B1.2; B2

Supermarine Spitfire

RR/Packard Merlin

B1.2; B2

Taylorcraft

Piston
(various types)

B1.2; B2

Vought/Goodyear

Corsair (all variants)

B1.2; B2

Vultee BT 13

P&W R-985

B1.2; B2

Yakovlev Yak-3

P&W R2000; Klimov

B1.2; B2

Yakovlev Yak‑18A/Yak‑18T

Vedeneyev

B1.2; B2

Yakovlev Yak 50

Klimov

B1.2; B2

Yakovlev Yak 52

Vedeneyev

B1.2; B2

\n```","sortOrder":10}],"analysis":{"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"This instrument narrows the practical scope of who may certify maintenance on certain WHR by: repealing CASA 197/13 (s.2); requiring COA holders to ensure Part 1 WHR maintenance is performed and certified by trained, authorised employees or employed authority/type‑rating holders (ss.5–6); treating unlisted turbine conversions as Part 1 work (s.7); and imposing a condition on independent engineers' AEL/authorities that restricts their Part 1 certification to unscheduled, non‑Schedule 7 maintenance (s.8 and Schedule 1)."},"complexity_factors":["Numerous cross-references to other instruments and statutes (CASR 1998, CAR 1988, CAO 104.0) requiring readers to consult external texts (see instrument heading and ss.1–4).","Multiple defined categories and technical distinctions (Part 1 vs Part 2 WHR maintenance; trained WHR employee; employed authority/type rating holder; independent engineer) increasing interpretive detail (see s.3 and ss.5–7).","Detailed, aircraft‑specific schedules listing many airframe/engine combinations that determine licence categories and privileges (Schedule 1).","Conditional licence constraints imposed on independent engineers (limiting certification to unscheduled Part 1 maintenance and excluding Schedule 7) create rule‑dependent operational effects (see s.8).","Delegation of implementation to COA holders (training, issuing certification authorisations) creates administrative and compliance burdens and discretionary decisions at the operator level (see ss.5(1), 3—definition of certification authorisation).","Temporal element (instrument commences on registration, staged effect tied to CAO 104.0 amendments, and expiry at end of Dec 2016) adds lifecycle complexity (see s.1)."],"plain_english_summary":"This instrument narrows who may perform and certify maintenance on warbird, historic and replica aircraft (WHR). It requires COA holders to use trained, authorised employees or employed authority/type‑rating holders for higher‑risk (Part 1) work, and limits independent engineers to certifying only unscheduled Part 1 maintenance (not Schedule 7 work). It therefore shifts certification power to COA holders (who must train and issue authorisations) and reduces the scope of work independent engineers may lawfully certify (see ss.5–8; Schedule 1)."},"kimi_summary":{"_metrics":{"model":"kimi-k2.5","source":"moonshot-realtime","completionTokens":2381},"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The instrument replaces CASA 197/13 but maintains the existing regulatory scope for WHR maintenance. It consolidates current privileges under the Certificate of Approval system without expanding into new regulatory areas. Section 6 explicitly notes the provisions are 'consistent with current privileges' and included for completeness pending future regulatory amendments."},"complexity_factors":["17 defined terms including nested definitions like 'authority or type rating holder' which encompasses 5 different licence types","Extensive cross-referencing to CAR 1988, CASR 1998, and CAO 104.0 requiring knowledge of multiple regulatory instruments","Two-tier classification system (Part 1 vs Part 2) with substantially different permission structures","Schedule 1 contains aircraft-specific tables pairing airframes with specific engine types and required licence categories (B1.1, B1.2, B1.3, B1.4, B2)","Conditional logic requiring assessment of employment status, training completion, and certification authorisation validity","Sunset clause causing automatic expiry at end of December 2016","Nested savings provisions in section 4 preserving operation of multiple other regulations"],"plain_english_summary":"This instrument defines who may legally maintain and repair Warbird, Historic and Replica (WHR) aircraft by creating a two-tier safety regime: higher-risk, complex warbirds require maintenance under approved organisations and specially certified personnel, while more conventional heritage piston aircraft may be worked on by standard-licensed engineers within those organisations. It affects owners, maintenance organisations and engineers, tightening safety for high-performance vintage types while easing routine upkeep for simpler heritage planes."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/casa-03-15-maintenance-on-warbird-and-historic-and-replica-aircraft-whr-directions-and-licence-condi","history":"/api/acts/casa-03-15-maintenance-on-warbird-and-historic-and-replica-aircraft-whr-directions-and-licence-condi/history","analysis":"/api/acts/casa-03-15-maintenance-on-warbird-and-historic-and-replica-aircraft-whr-directions-and-licence-condi/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/casa-03-15-maintenance-on-warbird-and-historic-and-replica-aircraft-whr-directions-and-licence-condi/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/casa-03-15-maintenance-on-warbird-and-historic-and-replica-aircraft-whr-directions-and-licence-condi/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/casa-03-15-maintenance-on-warbird-and-historic-and-replica-aircraft-whr-directions-and-licence-condi/documents"}}