{"id":"F2025L00820","name":"Biosecurity (Entry Requirements) Determination 2025","slug":"biosecurity-entry-requirements-determination-2025","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":442882,"registerId":"F2025L00820-fast-fetch-1775957803324","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-12","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Biosecurity (Entry Requirements) Determination 2025","content":"---\nmeta-content-style-type: text/css\nmeta-content-type: application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8\n---\n\n?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n\n ![Commonwealth Coat of Arms of Australia](image.001.jpeg)\n\n \n\nBiosecurity (Entry Requirements) Determination 2025\n\nI, Mark Butler, Minister for Health and Ageing, make the following determination.\n\nDated    26 June 2025\n\nMark Butler  \n\nMinister for Health and Ageing\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nContents\n\nPart 1—Preliminary\n\n1  Name\n\n2  Commencement\n\n3  Authority\n\n4  Definitions\n\n5  Schedules\n\nPart 2—Requirements relating to yellow fever\n\n6  Initial screening—information relating to travel in yellow fever risk regions\n\n7  Secondary screening—information relating to stays in yellow fever risk countries or areas\n\n8  Vaccination certificates and travel history—individuals who have stayed in yellow fever risk countries or areas\n\nPart 3—Screening\n\n9  Individuals who may be, or may have been, infected with listed human disease\n\nPart 4—Travel history declarations\n\n10  Providing travel history declaration on request\n\nSchedule 1—Yellow fever risk countries and areas\n\nSchedule 2— Repeals\n\nBiosecurity (Entry Requirements) Determination 2016\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nPart 1—Preliminary\n\n1  Name\n\n  This instrument is the Biosecurity (Entry Requirements) Determination 2025.\n\n2  Commencement\n\n  This instrument commences on the day after this instrument is registered.\n\n3  Authority\n\n  This instrument is made under subsection 44(2) of the Biosecurity Act 2015.\n\n4  Definitions\n\nNote: A number of expressions used in this instrument are defined in the Act, including the following:\n\n(a) Australian territory;\n\n(b) International Health Regulations;\n\n(c) landing place;\n\n(d) port.\n\n  In this instrument:\n\nAct means the Biosecurity Act 2015.\n\nAustralia Travel Declaration, in relation to an individual who is entering Australian territory at a landing place or port, means the digital declaration known by that name that is:\n\n (a) submitted by the person in respect of that entry to the departmental system operated by the Home Affairs Department that processes such declarations; or\n\n (b) if the person has submitted one or more subsequent declarations in respect of that entry—the most recently submitted declaration.\n\nAustralia Travel Declaration pass means a digital pass received by an individual after submitting an Australia Travel Declaration in respect of the individual’s entry into Australian territory at a landing place or port.\n\nauthorised system means an automated system authorised in writing by the Home Affairs Minister, or by the Secretary of the Home Affairs Department, for the purposes of a provision of the Migration Act 1958.\n\ndesignated yellow fever vaccination centre means a vaccination centre approved by the health administration authority of a country to administer vaccinations against yellow fever.\n\nhealth administration authority, of a country, means a government authority responsible for the administration of health in the country, including the implementation of measures set out in the International Health Regulations.\n\nHome Affairs Department means the Department administered by the Home Affairs Minister.\n\nHome Affairs Minister means the Minister administering the Australian Border Force Act 2015.\n\ninternational vaccination certificate means a certificate:\n\n (a) conforming with the model international certificate of vaccination mentioned in annex 6 of the International Health Regulations; and\n\n (b) that contains the information mentioned in subsection 8(3).\n\npassenger card means a card, known as a passenger card, for the giving of information, in the form of answers to questions on a form, by individuals travelling to Australia.\n\nrelevant official means any of the following:\n\n (a) a biosecurity officer;\n\n (b) a chief human biosecurity officer;\n\n (c) a human biosecurity officer;\n\n (d) an APS employee in the Agriculture Department;\n\n (e) an APS employee in the Home Affairs Department.\n\nSmartGate means an automated border control point system of that name that is an authorised system for the purposes of section 166 of the Migration Act 1958.\n\nyellow fever risk country or area means a country or area specified in Schedule 1.\n\n5  Schedules\n\n  Each instrument that is specified in Schedule 2 to this instrument is amended or repealed as set out in the applicable items in that Schedule, and any other item in that Schedule has effect according to its terms.\n\n\n\n\nPart 2—Requirements relating to yellow fever\n\n \n\n6  Initial screening—information relating to travel in yellow fever risk regions\n\n (1) This section applies to an individual who is entering Australian territory at a landing place or port in accordance with Division 2 or 3 of Part 4 of Chapter 4 of the Act.\n\n (2) The individual must provide information to a relevant official about whether the person had been in Africa, South America, Central America or the Caribbean at any time in the 6 days before entering the landing place or port, by:\n\n (a) providing the official with a passenger card on which the relevant question has been completed; or\n\n (b) showing the official the individual’s Australia Travel Declaration pass.\n\nNote:  An individual may show their Australia Travel Declaration pass in electronic form, such as on a mobile phone or tablet, or on a hard copy print-out of the pass.\n\n (3) If the individual uses a SmartGate, the individual must also provide the information required by subsection (2) by answering the relevant question about the matter when prompted by the SmartGate.\n\nNote:  Subsection 7(2)(a) applies if the person answers ‘yes’ to this question when using the SmartGate.\n\nWhere requirements apply\n\n (4) The requirements in this section apply at the landing place or port (as applicable).\n\nNote 1: An individual who fails to comply with a requirement that applies to the individual under this section may contravene a civil penalty provision (see section 46 of the Act).\n\nNote 2: A person may commit an offence or contravene a civil penalty provision if the person provides false or misleading information or documents (see sections 137.1 and 137.2 of the Criminal Code and sections 532 and 533 of the Act).\n\nNote 3: For protections for children or incapable persons who are subject to the requirements in this section, see Subdivision B of Division 2 of Part 1 of Chapter 2 of the Act.\n\nNote 4: Part 2 of Chapter 11 of the Act deals with confidentiality of personal information collected under the Act.\n\n7  Secondary screening—information relating to stays in yellow fever risk countries or areas\n\n (1) This section applies to an individual who:\n\n (a) is entering Australian territory at a landing place or port in accordance with Division 2 or 3 of Part 4 of Chapter 4 of the Act; and\n\n (b) had been in Africa, South America, Central America or the Caribbean at any time in the 6 days before entering the landing place or port.\n\n (2) The individual must provide information about whether the person had stayed overnight or longer in a yellow fever risk country or area at any time in the 6 days before entering the landing place or port, by:\n\n (a) if the individual uses a SmartGate—answering the relevant question about the matter when prompted by the SmartGate; or\n\n (b) otherwise—declaring the information to a relevant official.\n\n (3) If:\n\n (a) the individual provides the information required by subsection (2) using a SmartGate, in accordance with paragraph (2)(a); and\n\n (b) upon completion of the process, the SmartGate door does not open,\n\nthe individual must also declare the information to a relevant official.\n\n (4) If the individual makes a declaration as required by paragraph (2)(b) or subsection (3) orally, the individual must also make the declaration in writing if a relevant official asks the individual to do so.\n\nWhere requirements apply\n\n (5) The requirements in this section apply at the landing place or port (as applicable).\n\nNote 1: An individual who fails to comply with a requirement that applies to the individual under this section may contravene a civil penalty provision (see section 46 of the Act).\n\nNote 2: A person may commit an offence or contravene a civil penalty provision if the person provides false or misleading information or documents (see sections 137.1 and 137.2 of the Criminal Code and sections 532 and 533 of the Act).\n\nNote 3: For protections for children or incapable persons who are subject to the requirements in this section, see Subdivision B of Division 2 of Part 1 of Chapter 2 of the Act.\n\nNote 4: Part 2 of Chapter 11 of the Act deals with confidentiality of personal information collected under the Act.\n\n8  Vaccination certificates and travel history—individuals who have stayed in yellow fever risk countries or areas\n\n (1) This section applies to an individual who:\n\n (a) is entering Australian territory at a landing place or port in accordance with Division 2 or 3 of Part 4 of Chapter 4 of the Act; and\n\n (b) had stayed overnight or longer in a yellow fever risk country or area at any time in the 6 days before entering the landing place or port.\n\nInternational vaccination certificates\n\n (2) A relevant official may require the individual to provide one or more of the following:\n\n (a) a declaration as to whether the individual has received yellow fever vaccine at least 10 days before entering the landing place or port; or\n\n (b) if the individual has entered via a SmartGate—a ticket generated by the SmartGate, indicating that the individual has, using the SmartGate, declared that the person has received yellow fever vaccine at least 10 days before entering the landing place or port; or\n\n (c) an international vaccination certificate evidencing that the individual has received yellow fever vaccine at least 10 days before entering the landing place or port.\n\nNote: An officer has certain powers in relation to an individual who fails to comply with a requirement that applies to the individual under this section (see section 60 of the Act (imposing a human biosecurity control order on an individual)).\n\n (3) An international vaccination certificate for an individual must:\n\n (a) be in the name of the individual; and\n\n (b) be issued by a designated yellow fever vaccination centre; and\n\n (c) display the official stamp of the designated yellow fever vaccination centre that issued the certificate; and\n\n (d) be signed by a medical practitioner or other person authorised by the health administration authority of the country in which the vaccination took place; and\n\n (e) state the office or professional status of the medical practitioner or other person who signed the certificate; and\n\n (f) state the date when the vaccination took place; and\n\n (g) state that the vaccine used to vaccinate the individual is a vaccine approved by the World Health Organization for the vaccination of persons against yellow fever.\n\nTravel history declarations\n\n (4) A relevant official may require the individual to declare to the official the individual’s international travel history for the 6 days before entering the landing place or port.\n\n (5) If the individual makes a declaration as required by subsection (4) orally, the individual must also make the declaration in writing if a relevant official asks the individual to do so.\n\nWhere requirements apply\n\n (6) The requirements in this section apply at the landing place or port (as applicable).\n\nNote 1: An individual who fails to comply with a requirement that applies to the individual under this section may contravene a civil penalty provision (see section 46 of the Act).\n\nNote 2: A person may commit an offence or contravene a civil penalty provision if the person provides false or misleading information or documents (see sections 137.1 and 137.2 of the Criminal Code and sections 532 and 533 of the Act).\n\nNote 3: For protections for children or incapable persons who are subject to the requirements in this section, see Subdivision B of Division 2 of Part 1 of Chapter 2 of the Act.\n\nNote 4: Part 2 of Chapter 11 of the Act deals with confidentiality of personal information collected under the Act.\n\nPart 3—Screening\n\n \n\n9  Individuals who may be, or may have been, infected with listed human disease\n\n (1) This section applies to an individual who is entering Australian territory on a conveyance or vessel at a landing place or port in accordance with Division 2 or 3 of Part 4 of Chapter 4 of the Act if:\n\n (a) the individual has been identified in the report given by the operator of the conveyance or vessel under subsection 193(1) of the Act, or in information given to a biosecurity officer under subsection 194(1) of the Act, as having signs or symptoms of an illness or infection; or\n\n (b) the individual has been identified by a relevant official at the landing place or port as having signs or symptoms of an illness or infection; or\n\n (c) the National Focal Point has been notified under the International Health Regulations that the individual has, or has been exposed to, a listed human disease; or\n\n (d) before travelling to Australian territory, the individual had been in a country where individuals are known to be, or to have been, infected with a listed human disease.\n\n (2) A relevant official may require the individual to be screened (including by equipment or by being required to answer questions or provide information in writing) for the purpose of establishing whether the individual may be, or may have been, infected with a listed human disease.\n\nWhere requirements apply\n\n (3) The requirements in this section apply at the landing place or port (as applicable).\n\nNote 1: An individual who fails to comply with a requirement that applies to the individual under this section may contravene a civil penalty provision (see section 46 of the Act).\n\nNote 2: A person may commit an offence or contravene a civil penalty provision if the person provides false or misleading information or documents (see sections 137.1 and 137.2 of the Criminal Code and sections 532 and 533 of the Act).\n\nNote 3: For protections for children or incapable persons who are subject to the requirements in this section, see Subdivision B of Division 2 of Part 1 of Chapter 2 of the Act.\n\nNote 4: Part 2 of Chapter 11 of the Act deals with confidentiality of personal information collected under the Act.\n\nPart 4—Travel history declarations\n\n \n\n10  Providing travel history declaration on request\n\nIndividuals on international flights\n\n (1) Subsection (2) applies to an individual who is entering Australian territory on an aircraft at a landing place in accordance with Division 2 of Part 4 of Chapter 4 of the Act if the flight commenced outside Australian territory.\n\n (2) If:\n\n (a) a relevant official reasonably suspects that the individual has, or has been exposed to, a listed human disease; and\n\n (b) a relevant official asks the individual to do so;\n\nthe individual must declare to a relevant official the individual’s international travel history for the 14 days before the day the flight commenced.\n\nIndividuals on international voyages\n\n (3) Subsection (4) applies to an individual who is entering Australian territory on a vessel at a port in accordance with Division 3 of Part 4 of Chapter 4 of the Act if the voyage commenced outside Australian territory.\n\n (4) If:\n\n (a) a relevant official reasonably suspects that the individual has, or has been exposed to, a listed human disease; and\n\n (b) a relevant official asks the individual to do so;\n\nthe individual must declare to a relevant official the individual’s international travel history for the 14 days before the day the voyage ended.\n\nMaking declarations in writing\n\n (5) If an individual makes a declaration as required by subsection (2) or (4) orally, the individual must also make the declaration in writing if a relevant official asks the individual to do so.\n\nWhere requirements apply\n\n (6) The requirements in this section apply at the landing place or port (as applicable).\n\nNote 1: An individual who fails to comply with a requirement that applies to the individual under this section may contravene a civil penalty provision (see section 46 of the Act).\n\nNote 2: A person may commit an offence or contravene a civil penalty provision if the person provides false or misleading information or documents (see sections 137.1 and 137.2 of the Criminal Code and sections 532 and 533 of the Act).\n\nNote 3: For protections for children or incapable persons who are subject to the requirements in this section, see Subdivision B of Division 2 of Part 1 of Chapter 2 of the Act.\n\nNote 4: Part 2 of Chapter 11 of the Act deals with confidentiality of personal information collected under the Act.\n\nSchedule 1—Yellow fever risk countries and areas\n\nNote: See section 4.\n\n  \n\n \n\n1  Yellow fever risk countries and areas\n\n A place specified in the following table is a yellow fever risk country or area.\n\n \n\n- Yellow fever risk countries and areas\n- Item Countries and areas\n- 1 Angola\n- 2 Argentina—Misiones Province and Corrientes Province\n- 3 Benin\n- 4 Bolivia\n- 5 Brazil\n- 6 Burkina Faso\n- 7 Burundi\n- 8 Cameroon\n- 9 Central African Republic\n- 10 Chad\n- 11 Colombia\n- 12 Congo, Democratic Republic of the\n- 13 Congo, Republic of the\n- 14 Côte d’Ivoire\n- 15 Ecuador (excluding the Galápagos Islands)\n- 16 Equatorial Guinea\n- 17 Ethiopia\n- 18 French Guiana\n- 19 Gabon\n- 20 The Gambia\n- 21 Ghana\n- 22 Guinea\n- 23 Guinea‑Bissau\n- 24 Guyana\n- 25 Kenya\n- 26 Liberia\n- 27 Mali\n- 28 Mauritania\n- 29 Niger\n- 30 Nigeria\n- 31 Panama\n- 32 Paraguay\n- 33 Peru\n- 34 Senegal\n- 35 Sierra Leone\n- 36 South Sudan\n- 37 Sudan\n- 38 Suriname\n- 39 Togo\n- 40 Trinidad and Tobago\n- 41 Uganda\n- 42 Venezuela\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\nSchedule 2— Repeals\n\nBiosecurity (Entry Requirements) Determination 2016\n\n1  The whole of the instrument\n\nRepeal the instrument.\n\n \n\n \n\n \n","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":7,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"The instrument repeals the Biosecurity (Entry Requirements) Determination 2016 (Schedule 2) and restates entry screening rules. It foregrounds digital declaration systems (Australia Travel Declaration passes and SmartGate) and specifies procedural detail for yellow fever screening (6‑day travel lookback and a named list of risk countries in Schedule 1) and for screening individuals possibly exposed to listed human diseases (14‑day travel-history requests). This represents a shift toward explicit digital integration and defined temporal triggers compared with the prior instrument (as indicated by the repeal and new provisions)."},"complexity_factors":["Cross-agency interaction: health and Home Affairs systems and officials are both involved (definitions link Home Affairs Department, Home Affairs Minister and relevant officials) (see s4)","Multiple trigger thresholds and time windows: 6-day rule for yellow fever-related declarations and 14-day rule for listed human disease travel histories (ss6–8, 10)","Dual procedural tracks: automated SmartGate prompts and digital Australia Travel Declaration passes vs in-person/passenger card declarations, with fallbacks if SmartGate denies entry (ss6(2)–(3), 7(2)–(3), 8(2)(b))","Discretionary powers for officials: relevant officials may require screening, written declarations, vaccination certificates, or use of control orders where non-compliance occurs (ss8(2), 9(2); note re s60 of the Act)","Document standards and authenticity requirements: international vaccination certificates must meet specified issuer, stamp, signature and vaccine-approval criteria (s8(3))","Compliance and enforcement layering: civil penalties, potential offences for false/misleading information, and links to broader Act provisions on children, incapacity and confidentiality (multiple notes across Parts)","Replacement of prior instrument: the whole 2016 Determination is repealed, signalling legal and operational transition risks (Schedule 2)"],"plain_english_summary":"This Determination replaces the previous entry-rules instrument and sets new border screening requirements. Travellers who were in Africa, South America, Central America or the Caribbean in the 6 days before arrival must declare that travel, and those who stayed overnight in a listed yellow fever risk area may be asked for vaccination evidence or travel history. Relevant officials can also screen or ask for 14‑day travel histories where an individual may have, or been exposed to, a listed human disease. It applies at Australian landing places and ports and uses passenger cards, SmartGate and digital declarations."},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This is a straightforward re-enactment and update of the 2016 Biosecurity (Entry Requirements) Determination, which it repeals. The scope remains tightly focused on entry screening for yellow fever and listed human diseases — the same purpose as the original 2016 instrument. The 2025 version modernises the framework by incorporating the Australia Travel Declaration system and SmartGate processes, but this represents updated implementation methods rather than scope expansion. The core regulatory purpose (preventing disease entry at borders) and the substantive requirements (yellow fever vaccination proof, travel history declarations, health screening) are essentially unchanged from the 2016 predecessor."},"complexity_factors":["Moderate cross-referencing: Multiple references to the Biosecurity Act 2015 (sections 44, 46, 60, 193, 194, 532, 533) and Criminal Code sections 137.1-137.2, plus the Migration Act 1958","Conditional multi-stage logic: Yellow fever screening operates in three distinct tiers (initial regional screening → specific country screening → vaccination documentation), with different requirements depending on whether the traveller uses SmartGate or manual processing","14 defined terms in section 4, including nested definitions (e.g., 'Australia Travel Declaration' defined by reference to 'departmental system' and 'Home Affairs Department')","Dual pathways for compliance: Many requirements have alternative methods (electronic pass vs. passenger card vs. SmartGate declaration; oral vs. written declarations)","Schedule-based structure with external dependencies: Schedule 1 contains the 42-country yellow fever list, which can be updated without changing the main instrument","Protective provisions and exceptions: Notes reference protections for children/incapable persons and confidentiality requirements, though these are not fully set out in the instrument itself"],"plain_english_summary":"This law requires people entering Australia, and the carriers and officials who bring them, to complete health declarations and undergo screening to prevent yellow fever and other serious infectious diseases. Travelers from risk areas may need to prove yellow fever vaccination; officials can order screening, demand recent travel history, and impose control orders (eg quarantine). Non‑compliance or false information attracts fines or criminal penalties. It protects Australia’s public health by keeping high‑risk infections out."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/biosecurity-entry-requirements-determination-2025","history":"/api/acts/biosecurity-entry-requirements-determination-2025/history","analysis":"/api/acts/biosecurity-entry-requirements-determination-2025/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/biosecurity-entry-requirements-determination-2025/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/biosecurity-entry-requirements-determination-2025/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/biosecurity-entry-requirements-determination-2025/documents"}}