{"id":"sr:australian-consumer-law-and-fair-trading-infringements-regulations-2018","name":"Australian Consumer Law and Fair Trading (Infringements) Regulations 2018","slug":"australian-consumer-law-and-fair-trading-infringements-regulations-2018","collection":"regulation","jurisdiction":"vic","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":181447,"registerId":"vic-sr:australian-consumer-law-and-fair-trading-infringements-regulations-2018-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-05","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Australian Consumer Law and Fair Trading (Infringements) Regulations 2018","content":"Version No. 002\n\n**Australian Consumer Law and Fair Trading (Infringements) Regulations 2018**\n\n**S.R. No. 98/2018**\n\nVersion incorporating amendments as at  \n10 March 2026\n\n**TABLE OF PROVISIONS**\n\n*Regulation Page*\n\n1 Objective 1\n\n2 Authorising provision 1\n\n3 Commencement 1\n\n4 Definition 1\n\n5 Infringement offences and infringement penalties 1\n\nSchedule 1—Infringement offences and infringement penalties 3\n\n═════════════\n\nEndnotes 13\n\n1 General information 13\n\n2 Table of Amendments 15\n\n3 Explanatory details 16\n\n**Version No.** **002**\n\n**Australian Consumer Law and Fair Trading (Infringements) Regulations 2018**\n\n**S.R. No. 98/2018**\n\nVersion incorporating amendments as at  \n10 March 2026\n\n\t1 Objective\n\nThe objective of these Regulations is to prescribe infringement offences and corresponding infringement penalties for the purposes of the **Australian Consumer Law and Fair Trading Act 2012**.\n\n\t2 Authorising provision\n\nThese Regulations are made under section 232 of the **Australian Consumer Law and Fair Trading Act 2012**.\n\n\t3 Commencement\n\nThese Regulations come into operation on 1 August 2018.\n\n\t4 Definition\n\nIn these Regulations—\n\n***the Act*** means the **Australian Consumer Law and Fair Trading Act 2012**.\n\n\t5 Infringement offences and infringement penalties\n\n(1) For the purposes of section 219(1) of the Act, an offence specified in column 2 of the table in Schedule 1 is prescribed as an infringement offence.\n\n(2) For the purposes of section 219(2) of the Act, the prescribed infringement penalty for an infringement offence is the penalty specified in column 3 of the table in Schedule 1 in respect of that infringement offence.\n\nSch. 1 amended by S.R. No. 152/2025 reg. 9.\n\nSchedule 1—Infringement offences and infringement penalties\n\nRegulation 5\n\n| *Column 1*<br>*Item* | *Column 2*<br>*Infringement offence* | *Column 3*<br>*Infringement penalty* |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | An offence against section 151(1)(a) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 2 | An offence against section 151(1)(b) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 3 | An offence against section 151(1)(c) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 4 | An offence against section 151(1)(d) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 5 | An offence against section 151(1)(e) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 6 | An offence against section 151(1)(f)(i) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 7 | An offence against section 151(1)(f)(ii) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 8 | An offence against section 151(1)(g) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 9 | An offence against section 151(1)(h) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 10 | An offence against section 151(1)(i) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 11 | An offence against section 151(1)(j) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 12 | An offence against section 151(1)(k) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 13 | An offence against section 151(1)(l) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 14 | An offence against section 151(1)(m) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 15 | An offence against section 151(1)(n) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 16 | An offence against section 152(1)(a) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 17 | An offence against section 152(1)(b) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 18 | An offence against section 152(1)(c) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 19 | An offence against section 152(1)(d) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 20 | An offence against section 152(1)(e) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 21 | An offence against section 152(1)(f) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 22 | An offence against section 152(1)(g) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 23 | An offence against section 153(1)(a) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 24 | An offence against section 153(1)(b) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 25 | An offence against section 154(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 26 | An offence against section 155(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 27 | An offence against section 156(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 28 | An offence against section 157(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 29 | An offence against section 157(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 30 | An offence against section 158(7) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 31 | An offence against section 159(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 32 | An offence against section 159(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 33 | An offence against section 161(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 34 | An offence against section 161(3) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 35 | An offence against section 161(4) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 36 | An offence against section 162(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 37 | An offence against section 162(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 38 | An offence against section 162(3) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 39 | An offence against section 163(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 40 | An offence against section 163(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 41 | An offence against section 164(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 42 | An offence against section 164(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 43 | An offence against section 165(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $150 for a natural person<br>$600 for a body corporate |\n| 44 | An offence against section 166(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 45 | An offence against section 167(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 46 | An offence against section 169(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 47 | An offence against section 170(1)(a) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 48 | An offence against section 170(1)(b) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 49 | An offence against section 170(1)(c) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 50 | An offence against section 171(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 51 | An offence against section 172(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 52 | An offence against section 172(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 53 | An offence against section 173(1)(a) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 54 | An offence against section 173(1)(b) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 55 | An offence against section 173(1)(c) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 56 | An offence against section 173(1)(d) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 57 | An offence against section 174(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 58 | An offence against section 174(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 59 | An offence against section 175(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 60 | An offence against section 176(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 61 | An offence against section 177(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 62 | An offence against section 178(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 63 | An offence against section 179(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 64 | An offence against section 180(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 65 | An offence against section 181(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 66 | An offence against section 181(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 67 | An offence against section 182(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 68 | An offence against section 182(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 69 | An offence against section 183(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 70 | An offence against section 188(1)(a) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $300 for a natural person<br>$1800 for a body corporate |\n| 71 | An offence against section 188(1)(b) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $300 for a natural person<br>$1800 for a body corporate |\n| 72 | An offence against section 189(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $300 for a natural person<br>$1800 for a body corporate |\n| 73 | An offence against section 189(3) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $300 for a natural person<br>$1800 for a body corporate |\n| 74 | An offence against section 191(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $300 for a natural person<br>$1800 for a body corporate |\n| 75 | An offence against section 192(1)(a) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 76 | An offence against section 192(1)(b) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 77 | An offence against section 193(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $500 for a natural person<br>$3000 for a body corporate |\n| 78 | An offence against section 194(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 79 | An offence against section 194(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 80 | An offence against section 194(3) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 81 | An offence against section 194(5) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 82 | An offence against section 195(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 83 | An offence against section 195(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 84 | An offence against section 196(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $150 for a natural person<br>$600 for a body corporate |\n| 85 | An offence against section 197(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 86 | An offence against section 197(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 87 | An offence against section 197(3) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 88 | An offence against section 197(5) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 89 | An offence against section 198(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 90 | An offence against section 198(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 91 | An offence against section 199(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 92 | An offence against section 199(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 93 | An offence against section 200(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $150 for a natural person<br>$600 for a body corporate |\n| 94 | An offence against section 201(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $150 for a natural person<br>$600 for a body corporate |\n| 95 | An offence against section 201(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $150 for a natural person<br>$600 for a body corporate |\n| 96 | An offence against section 202(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $150 for a natural person<br>$600 for a body corporate |\n| 97 | An offence against section 203(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 98 | An offence against section 203(2) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 99 | An offence against section 203(3) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $750 for a natural person<br>$5000 for a body corporate |\n| 100 | An offence against section 205(1) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $150 for a natural person<br>$600 for a body corporate |\n| 101 | An offence against section 206(1)(a) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $150 for a natural person<br>$600 for a body corporate |\n| 102 | An offence against section 206(1)(b) of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) | $150 for a natural person<br>$600 for a body corporate |\n| 103 | An offence against section 106E of the Act) | 3 penalty units for a natural person<br>15 penalty units for a body corporate |\n| 104 | An offence against section 106F(3) of the Act | 3 penalty units for a natural person<br>15 penalty units for a body corporate |\n| 105 | An offence against section 106G(1) of the Act | 3 penalty units for a natural person<br>15 penalty units for a body corporate |\n| 106 | An offence against section 106H(1) of the Act | 3 penalty units for a natural person<br>15 penalty units for a body corporate |\n| 107 | An offence against section 106I(2) of the Act | 3 penalty units for a natural person<br>15 penalty units for a body corporate |\n| 108 | An offence against section 106J(2) of the Act | 3 penalty units for a natural person<br>15 penalty units for a body corporate |\n\n\n═════════════\n\nEndnotes\n\n1 General information\n\nSee [www.legislation.vic.gov.au](http://www.legislation.vic.gov.au) for Victorian Bills, Acts and current Versions of legislation and up-to-date legislative information.\n\nThe Australian Consumer Law and Fair Trading (Infringements) Regulations 2018, S.R. No. 98/2018 were made on 10 July 2018 by the Lieutenant-Governor as the Governor's deputy, with the advice of the Executive Council under section 232 of the **Australian Consumer Law and Fair Trading Act 2012**, No. 21/2012 and came into operation on 1 August 2018: regulation 3.\n\nThe Australian Consumer Law and Fair Trading (Infringements) Regulations 2018, S.R. No. 98/2018 will sunset 10 years after the day of making on 10 July 2028 (see section 5 of the **Subordinate Legislation Act 1994**).\n\nINTERPRETATION OF LEGISLATION ACT 1984 (ILA)\n\nStyle changes\n\nSection 54A of the ILA authorises the making of the style changes set out in Schedule 1 to that Act.\n\nReferences to ILA s. 39B\n\nSidenotes which cite ILA s. 39B refer to section 39B of the ILA which provides that where an undivided regulation, rule or clause of a Schedule is amended by the insertion of one or more subregulations, subrules or subclauses the original regulation, rule or clause becomes subregulation, subrule or subclause (1) and is amended by the insertion of the expression \"(1)\" at the beginning of the original regulation, rule or clause.\n\nInterpretation\n\nAs from 1 January 2001, amendments to section 36 of the ILA have the following effects:\n\n• Headings\n\nAll headings included in a Statutory Rule which is made on or after  \n1 January 2001 form part of that Statutory Rule. Any heading inserted in a Statutory Rule which was made before 1 January 2001, by a Statutory Rule made on or after 1 January 2001, forms part of that Statutory Rule.  \nThis includes headings to Parts, Divisions or Subdivisions in a Schedule; Orders; Parts into which an Order is divided; clauses; regulations; rules; items; tables; columns; examples; diagrams; notes or forms.  \nSee section 36(1A)(2A)(2B).\n\n• Examples, diagrams or notes\n\nAll examples, diagrams or notes included in a Statutory Rule which is made on or after 1 January 2001 form part of that Statutory Rule. Any examples, diagrams or notes inserted in a Statutory Rule which was made before 1 January 2001, by a Statutory Rule made on or after 1 January 2001, form part of that Statutory Rule. See section 36(3A).\n\n• Punctuation\n\nAll punctuation included in a Statutory Rule which is made on or after  \n1 January 2001 forms part of that Statutory Rule. Any punctuation inserted in a Statutory Rule which was made before 1 January 2001, by a Statutory Rule made on or after 1 January 2001, forms part of that Statutory Rule.  \nSee section 36(3B).\n\n• Provision numbers\n\nAll provision numbers included in a Statutory Rule form part of that Statutory Rule, whether inserted in the Statutory Rule before, on or after  \n1 January 2001. Provision numbers include regulation numbers, rule numbers, subregulation numbers, subrule numbers, paragraphs and subparagraphs. See section 36(3C).\n\n• Location of \"legislative items\"\n\nA \"legislative item\" is a penalty, an example or a note. As from 13 October 2004, a legislative item relating to a provision of a Statutory Rule is taken to be at the foot of that provision even if it is preceded or followed by another legislative item that relates to that provision. For example, if a penalty at the foot of a provision is followed by a note, both of these legislative items will be regarded as being at the foot of that provision. See section 36B.\n\n• Other material\n\nAny explanatory memorandum, table of provisions, endnotes, index and other material printed after the Endnotes does not form part of a Statutory Rule. See section 36(3)(3D)(3E).\n\n2 Table of Amendments\n\nThis publication incorporates amendments made to the Australian Consumer Law and Fair Trading (Infringements) Regulations 2018 by statutory rules, subordinate instruments and Acts.\n\n–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––\n\nAustralian Consumer Law and Fair Trading (Code of Practice and Infringements for Fuel Retailers) Amendment Regulations 2025, S.R. No. 152/2025\n\n| *Date of Making:* | 23.12.25 |\n| --- | --- |\n| *Date of Commencement:* | Reg. 9 on 10.3.26: reg. 3 |\n\n\n–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––\n\n3 Explanatory details\n\n**Penalty Units**\n\nThese Regulations provide for penalties by reference to penalty units within the meaning of section 110 of the **Sentencing Act 1991**. The amount of the penalty is to be calculated, in accordance with section 7 of the **Monetary Units Act 2004**, by multiplying the number of penalty units applicable by the value of a penalty unit.\n\nThe value of a penalty unit for the financial year commencing 1 July 2025 is $203.51. The amount of the calculated penalty may be rounded to the nearest dollar.\n\nThe value of a penalty unit for future financial years is to be fixed by the Treasurer under section 5 of the **Monetary Units Act 2004**. The value of a penalty unit for a financial year must be published in the Government Gazette and a Victorian newspaper before 1 June in the preceding financial year.","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"issue_detection":{"absurdities":[],"contradictions":[]},"summary":{"complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"Based on available information, the regulations appear to remain consistent with their original purpose: providing the administrative and penalty framework for infringement notices under the Australian Consumer Law and Fair Trading Act 2012. No evidence of scope creep or significant amendment beyond the original intent is apparent from the metadata provided."},"complexity_factors":["Subordinate legislation (regulations) rather than primary legislation — inherently references and depends on a parent Act to be understood","Technical interaction between Victorian state law and the national Australian Consumer Law framework adds a layer of jurisdictional complexity","Infringement notice schemes have procedural nuances (rights to contest, time limits, penalty unit calculations) that can confuse non-lawyers","Source document provided is heavily fragmented with only metadata visible, limiting full assessment","Regulations of this type are typically brief and mechanical in drafting, keeping overall complexity low"],"plain_english_summary":"The regulation establishes Victoria’s infringement-notice scheme under the Australian Consumer Law and Fair Trading Act, enabling regulators to issue fixed‑penalty (on‑the‑spot) notices for certain consumer‑protection breaches. It affects businesses/traders, consumers and enforcement agencies by providing a quicker, lower‑cost alternative to court action.\n\nReceiving a notice lets a recipient pay the fine or challenge it in court, streamlining enforcement while preserving the right to contest alleged breaches."},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"The instrument's core function—prescribing infringement offences and penalties—remains, but Schedule 1 was amended by S.R. No. 152/2025 (reg. 9) (see Table of Amendments), signalling an expansion of the set of infringement offences (notably to reflect the 2025 Code of Practice and Infringements for Fuel Retailers)."},"complexity_factors":["Large, itemised schedule (108 listed infringement items) mapping specific statute sections to fixed penalties (Schedule 1).","Different penalty levels depending on offender type (natural person v body corporate) across items (Sch 1, Col. 3).","Cross‑references to many provisions of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) and to provisions of the Act (Sch 1, Col. 2), requiring users to consult multiple statutes to understand conduct caught.","Some penalties specified as penalty units rather than dollar amounts, tying fines to the Sentencing Act and Monetary Units Act and annual indexation (Explanatory details).","Amendment history and external instruments affect scope and content (Sch. 1 amended by S.R. No. 152/2025 reg. 9; Table of Amendments).","Sunset and commencement mechanics referenced in endnotes (commencement reg 3; sunset under Subordinate Legislation Act noted in Endnotes)."],"plain_english_summary":"These Regulations list specific breaches of the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) and certain offences under the Act that may be dealt with by infringement notices, and fix the dollar fines for individuals and companies (reg 1; reg 5; Sch 1). They affect traders, businesses and consumers by converting many statutory breaches into set fines rather than court prosecutions, creating predictable compliance costs, concentrating enforcement choices with regulators and linking some penalties to annually indexed penalty units (Sch 1; Explanatory details)."},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"The original 2018 regulation covered only Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) offences. The March 2026 amendment (S.R. No. 152/2025) expanded the scope to include offences under the parent Act itself (sections 106E-106J), specifically adding fuel retailer code of practice violations. This represents a modest expansion beyond pure consumer law into sector-specific retail regulation."},"complexity_factors":["Single defined term ('the Act') in the interpretation section","Straightforward tabular structure with 108 items mapping offences to penalties","No nested conditional logic or exceptions within the operative provisions","Cross-references are limited to external legislation (the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) and the parent Act)","Simple binary distinction between natural persons and bodies corporate for penalty calculation","Recent amendment added 6 new items (103-108) using penalty units rather than fixed dollar amounts, introducing a second calculation method"],"plain_english_summary":"This is a Victorian regulation that sets out **on-the-spot fines** (called \"infringement penalties\") for businesses and individuals who break certain consumer protection laws.\n\n**What it does:**\n- Creates a list of 108 specific offences under the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria) and the Australian Consumer Law and Fair Trading Act 2012 that can be dealt with by issuing an infringement notice (like a speeding ticket for consumer law), rather than going to court.\n- Sets the dollar amount for each fine. The amounts vary depending on:\n  - Whether the offender is a **natural person** (an individual) or a **body corporate** (a company)\n  - How serious the offence is\n- Fines range from **$150** (for minor paperwork offences by individuals) up to **$5,000** (for serious offences by companies).\n\n**Who it affects:**\n- **Businesses** operating in Victoria, particularly those in retail, fuel sales, and consumer services\n- **Consumers** indirectly, because it helps enforce fair trading rules without lengthy court cases\n- **Regulators** like Consumer Affairs Victoria who issue the fines\n\n**Why it matters:**\nWithout this regulation, every consumer law breach would need to go through the court system. Infringement notices allow regulators to enforce the law quickly and cheaply, deterring dodgy business practices while freeing up courts for more serious matters. The regulation was recently expanded (March 2026) to include new offences related to fuel retailer conduct."},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/australian-consumer-law-and-fair-trading-infringements-regulations-2018","history":"/api/acts/australian-consumer-law-and-fair-trading-infringements-regulations-2018/history","analysis":"/api/acts/australian-consumer-law-and-fair-trading-infringements-regulations-2018/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/australian-consumer-law-and-fair-trading-infringements-regulations-2018/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/australian-consumer-law-and-fair-trading-infringements-regulations-2018/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/australian-consumer-law-and-fair-trading-infringements-regulations-2018/documents"}}