{"id":"F2015L00405","name":"Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code – Standard 2.8.1 – Sugar and Sugar products","slug":"australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-standard-2-8-1-sugar-and-sugar-products","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":92981,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2015L00405-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-02","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code – Standard 2.8.1 – Sugar and Sugar products","content":"Standard 2.8.1 Sugar and sugar products\n\nNote 1 This instrument is a standard under the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991 (Cth). The standards together make up the Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code. See also section 1.1.1—3.\n\nNote 2 The provisions of the Code that apply in New Zealand are incorporated in, or adopted under, the Food Act 2014 (NZ). See also section 1.1.1—3.\n\nNote 3 The term ‘sugars’ is used, with different meaning, throughout the Code.\n\n2.8.1—1 Name\n\nThis Standard is Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code – Standard 2.8.1 – Sugar and sugar products.\n\nNote Commencement:  \nThis Standard commences on 1 March 2016, being the date specified as the commencement date in notices in the Gazette and the New Zealand Gazette under section 92 of the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991 (Cth). See also section 93 of that Act.\n\n2.8.1—2 Definitions\n\nNote In this Code (see sections 1.1.2—2 and 1.1.2—3):\n\nicing means a mixture of sugar and other foods for use as a coating and includes frosting, plastic icing and icing gel.\n\nsugar means, unless otherwise expressly stated, any of the following:\n\n(a) white sugar;\n\n(b) caster sugar;\n\n(c) icing sugar;\n\n(d) loaf sugar;\n\n(e) coffee sugar;\n\n(f) raw sugar.\n\nwhite sugar means purified crystallised sucrose.\n\n2.8.1—3 Requirement for food sold as white sugar\n\nA food that is sold as ‘white sugar’ must:\n\n(a) be white sugar; and\n\n(b) have no less than 99.7% sucrose content, calculated on a dry basis.\n\n2.8.1—4 Requirement for food sold as icing\n\nA food that is sold as ‘icing’ must be icing.\n\n\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_  \n\nAmendment History\n\nThe Amendment History provides information about each amendment to the Standard. The information includes commencement or cessation information for relevant amendments.\n\nThese amendments are made under section 92 of the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991 unless otherwise indicated. Amendments do not have a specific date for cessation unless indicated as such.\n\nAbout this compilation\n\nThis is a compilation of Standard 2.8.1 as in force on 1 March 2016 (up to Amendment No. 157). It includes any commenced amendment affecting the compilation to that date.\n\nPrepared by Food Standards Australia New Zealand on 1 March 2016.\n\nUncommenced amendments or provisions ceasing to have effect\n\nTo assist stakeholders, the effect of any uncommenced amendments or provisions which will cease to have effect, may be reflected in the Standard as shaded boxed text with the relevant commencement or cessation date. These amendments will be reflected in a compilation registered on the Federal Register of Legislative Instruments including or omitting those amendments and provided in the Amendment History once the date is passed.\n\nThe following abbreviations may be used in the table below:\n\nad = added or inserted am = amended\n\nexp = expired or ceased to have effect rep = repealed\n\nrs = repealed and substituted\n\nStandard 2.8.1 was published in the Food Standards Gazette No. FSC96 on 10 April 2015 as part of Amendment 154 (F2015L00405–- 31 March 2015) and has since been amended as follows:\n\n| Section affected | A’ment No. | FRLI registrationGazette               | Commencement(Cessation) | How affected | Description of amendment           |\n| ---------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------- |\n| 2.8.1—1          | 157        | F2015L013741 Sept 2015FSC993 Sept 2015 | 1 March 2016            | am           | Correction of typographical error. |","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":2,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The Standard remains tightly focused on its original purpose: establishing identity standards for sugar and icing products. The 2016 amendment was purely typographical (correcting a spelling error in the name section), indicating no substantive expansion of scope since original publication."},"complexity_factors":["Extremely short — only 4 operative sections (2.8.1—1 through 2.8.1—4)","Only 2 defined terms in the Standard itself ('icing' and 'white sugar'), plus a composite definition of 'sugar' listing 6 product types","No cross-references to other Parts or Divisions within the substantive provisions (only standard commencement notes reference the enabling Act)","Simple conditional logic — two basic requirements using 'must' statements with minimal conditions (only the 99.7% sucrose threshold requires calculation)","No exceptions, exemptions, or nested conditional structures","Single quantitative standard (99.7% dry basis) with straightforward measurement methodology"],"plain_english_summary":"This Standard sets legal rules for selling sugar and sugar-based coatings in Australia and New Zealand, requiring accurate naming and composition so consumers get what they pay for. It mandates white sugar to be at least 99.7% sucrose on a dry basis and defines \"icing\" as a sugar-based coating, affecting manufacturers, importers and retailers and ensuring truthful labelling and fair competition."},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"No substantive scope change is recorded in the supplied text. The Amendment History records a typographical correction (Amendment 157) with commencement 1 March 2016; the definitions and the 99.7% sucrose purity requirement remain as stated."},"complexity_factors":["Numeric purity threshold (99.7% sucrose, dry basis) requires laboratory analysis and specification of measurement approach (see 2.8.1—3).","Multiple defined product names (white sugar, caster, icing sugar, etc.) and a note that ‘sugars’ can have different meanings elsewhere in the Code, creating cross-referencing needs (see 2.8.1—2 and Note 3).","Very brief rule for ‘icing’ (must be icing) leaves substantive content to product standards, trade practices or regulator interpretation (see 2.8.1—4).","Commencement and applicability rely on the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act and New Zealand’s Food Act incorporation, which ties operation to other legislation (Notes 1–2).","Minimal procedural detail on testing, enforcement or acceptable variances increases regulatory discretion and potential compliance uncertainty (implicit across the Standard)."],"plain_english_summary":"This standard defines certain sugar types and sets two product rules: food sold as “white sugar” must be white sugar and contain at least 99.7% sucrose on a dry basis; food sold as “icing” must be icing. It affects manufacturers, importers, packers, retailers and food regulators by fixing identity and purity requirements that typically trigger lab testing and labelling compliance, creating an enforceable benchmark for product names and composition."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-standard-2-8-1-sugar-and-sugar-products","history":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-standard-2-8-1-sugar-and-sugar-products/history","analysis":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-standard-2-8-1-sugar-and-sugar-products/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-standard-2-8-1-sugar-and-sugar-products/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-standard-2-8-1-sugar-and-sugar-products/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-standard-2-8-1-sugar-and-sugar-products/documents"}}