{"id":"F2015L00397","name":"Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code – Standard 1.2.3 – Information requirements – warning statements, advisory statements and declarations","slug":"australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-standard-1-2-3-information-requirements-warning-statements","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":92965,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2015L00397-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-02","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code – Standard 1.2.3 – Information requirements – warning statements, advisory statements and declarations","content":"Standard 1.2.3 Information requirements – warning statements, advisory statements and declarations\n\nNote 1 This instrument is a standard under the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991 (Cth). The standards together make up the Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code. See also section 1.1.1—3.\n\nNote 2 The provisions of the Code that apply in New Zealand are incorporated in, or adopted under, the Food Act 2014 (NZ). See also section 1.1.1—3.\n\nDivision 1 Preliminary\n\n1.2.3—1 Name\n\nThis Standard is Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code – Standard 1.2.3 – Information requirements – warning statements, advisory statements and declarations.\n\nNote Commencement: \nThis Standard commences on 1 March 2016, being the date specified as the commencement date in notices in the Gazette and the New Zealand Gazette under section 92 of the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991 (Cth). See also section 93 of that Act.\n\n1.2.3—1A Definitions\n\nNote In this Code (see section 1.1.2—2):\n\nrequired name, of a particular food, means the name declared by section 1.2.3—5 as the required name for that food for the purposes of Division 3 of Standard 1.2.3.\n\nsize of type means the measurement from the base to the top of a letter or numeral.\n\nDivision 2 Mandatory statements\n\n1.2.3—2 Mandatory advisory statements\n\n(1) For the labelling provisions, if a food is listed in Column 1 of the table in section S9—2, the corresponding advisory statement in Column 2 of that table is required.\n\n(2) For the labelling provisions, an advisory statement to the effect that excess consumption may have a laxative effect is required for a food that contains:\n\n(a) one or more of the following substances, either alone or in combination, at a level of or in excess of 10 g/100 g:\n\n (i) lactitol;\n (ii) maltitol;\n (iii) maltitol syrup;\n (iv) mannitol;\n (v) xylitol; or\n\n(b) one or more of the following substances, either alone or in combination, at a level of or in excess of 25 g/100 g:\n\n (i) erythritol;\n (ii) isomalt;\n (iii) polydextrose;\n (iv) sorbitol; or\n (c) one or more of the substances listed in paragraph (a), in combination with one or more of the substances listed in paragraph (b), at a level of or in excess of 10 g/100 g; or\n (d) added D-allulose as an ingredient and the food is one of the following:\n (i) a bakery product;\n (ii) bubble gum;\n (iii) chewing gum;\n (iv) breakfast cereal;\n (v) confectionery (but not chocolate);\n (vi) a dessert (with or without gelatine);\n (vii) ice cream;\n (viii) edible ice;\n (ix) a non-alcoholic water based flavoured drink (as defined in the table to section S25—2);\n (x) yoghurt.\n\nNote The labelling provisions are set out in Standard 1.2.1.\n\n1.2.3—3 Mandatory warning statement—royal jelly\n\nFor the labelling provisions, if a food is or includes as an ingredient royal jelly, the following \\*warning statement is required: ‘This product contains royal jelly which has been reported to cause severe allergic reactions and in rare cases, fatalities, especially in asthma and allergy sufferers’.\n\nNote The labelling provisions are set out in Standard 1.2.1.\n\nDivision 3 Mandatory declarations\n\n1.2.3—4 Mandatory declarations of certain foods\n\n(1) For the labelling provisions, if a food to which this section applies is present in a food for sale in a manner listed in subsection (5), a declaration that the food is present is required.\n\nNote The labelling provisions related to this requirement are set out in Standard 1.2.1, subparagraph 1.2.4—5(6)(b)(i), and paragraph 2.9.5—9(1)(d).\n\n(2) A declaration required by subsection (1) must comply with this Division.\n\n(3) This section applies to:\n\n(a) a food that is listed in Column 1 of the table to section S9—3; or\n\n(b) a derivative of such a food.\n\n(4) Despite subsection (3), this section does not apply to:\n\n(a) a food that is listed in Column 2 of the table to section S9—3; or\n\n(b) a derivative of such a food.\n\n(5) For the purposes of subsection (1), the food may be present as any of the following:\n\n(a) an ingredient or as an ingredient of a \\*compound ingredient; or\n\n(b) a substance \\*used as a food additive, or an ingredient or component of such a substance; or\n\n(c) a substance \\*used as a processing aid, or an ingredient or component of such a substance.\n\n1.2.3—5 Food name required for a mandatory declaration\n\nThe \\*required name of a food listed in Column 1 of the table to section S9—3 is:\n\n(a) when listed in a statement of ingredients—the corresponding name or one of the corresponding names in Column 3 of that table;\n\n(b) in all other cases—the corresponding name or names in Column 4 of that table.\n\n1.2.3—6 What a mandatory declaration must state\n\n(1) A declaration other than a declaration to which subsection (2) or (4) applies must be made by stating the \\*required name of the food to be declared.\n\n(2) A declaration made for the purposes of paragraph 1.2.1—8(1)(d) or subparagraph 1.2.4—5(6)(b)(i) must be made by:\n\n(a) listing in the statement of ingredients of the food for sale:\n\n(i) the \\*required name of the food to be declared; and\n\n(ii) if the food to be declared is a substance \\*used as a processing aid or an ingredient or component of such a substance, the words ‘processing aid’ in conjunction with that required name; and\n\nExamples: processing aids (wheat, egg); processing aid containing wheat.\n\n(b) including a summary statement on the label of the food for sale.\n\nNote Statement of ingredients provisions are set out in Standard 1.2.4.\n\n(3) Subsection (2) does not apply to a food for sale to which subsection 1.2.4—2(2) or subsection 1.2.4—2(3) applies.\n\nNote Subsections 1.2.4—2(2) and (3) provide that certain foods are not required to have a statement of ingredients on their label.\n\n(4) A declaration made in relation to any of the following foods for sale must be made by stating the name of the food to which subsection 1.2.3—4(1) applies and that is present in the food for sale:\n\n(a) a food for special medical purposes; or\n\n(b) a special medical purpose product for infants.\n\nNote 1 Paragraph 2.9.5—9(1)(d) applies to food for special medical purposes and provides that a label that is required for such food must make (among other things) any mandatory declarations required by section 1.2.3—4.\n\nNote 2 Division 4 of Standard 2.9.1 applies to a special medical purpose product for infants and sets out compositional and labelling requirements for such food.\n\n(5) For the purposes of subsection (4), the name to be stated must be:\n\n(a) the name listed for that food in Column 1 of the table to section S9—3; or\n\n(b) any other name by which that food is commonly known.\n\n1.2.3—7 Form of a mandatory declaration\n\n(1) A \\*required name in a statement of ingredients must be printed:\n\n(a) in a bold font that provides a distinct contrast with any other text in the statement of ingredients which is not a required name; and\n\n(b) in a \\*size of type that is not less than the size of type of the other text in the statement of ingredients that is not a required name.\n\n(2) A \\*required name in a statement of ingredients must be listed:\n\n(a) separately for each ingredient that is or contains the relevant food; and\n\nExample kamut (wheat), maltodextrin (wheat)\n\n(b) as a separate word or as separate words if the required name is contained in the name of the ingredient that is or contains the relevant food; and\n\nExamples milk powder, sesame seeds, but not buttermilk\n\n(c) separately from but next to the name of the ingredient that is or contains the relevant food unless the required name:\n\n(i) is identical to the name of the ingredient; or\n\n(ii) is contained in the name of the ingredient.\n\nExamples sodium caseinate (milk) or sodium caseinate (from milk); pasta (wheat, egg)\n\n(3) A summary statement must:\n\n(a) commence with the word ‘Contains’ and then list the \\*required name of each food to be declared; and\n\n(b) contain no other words.\n\n(4) A summary statement must:\n\n(a) appear on the label of the food for sale:\n\n(i) in the same field of view as the statement of ingredients; and\n\n(ii) directly next to the statement of ingredients; and\n\n(b) be distinctly separated from the statement of ingredients.\n\n(5) A summary statement must be printed:\n\n(a) in the same typeface and \\*size of type as any \\*required name in the Statement of ingredients of the food for sale; and\n\n(b) in a bold font that provides a distinct contrast with any other text in the statement of ingredients which is not a required name.\n\n(6) In this section, a summary statement means a summary statement required by paragraph 1.2.3—6(2)(b).\n\n1.2.3—8 Compliance with requirement for required name\n\nIf a provision of this Division requires a \\*required name to be declared or stated, that required name may be declared or stated in either the singular or plural form as required.\n\n \n\nApplication, saving and transitional provisions\n\nThe table below details information on application, saving or transitional provisions in instruments affecting this Standard.\n\n```html\n

Instrument items affected

A’ment No.

FRL registration

Gazette

Instrument’s transitional provision

Description of transitional arrangement

Food Standards (Proposal P1026 – Lupin as an Allergen) Variation

Item [1] of the Schedule

169

F2017L00585

23 May 2017

FSC112

25 May 2017

Subsection 1.2.3—1A(1)

Subsection 1.2.3—1A(1) establishes a transitional arrangement for variations to the Code made by Item [1] of the Schedule.

The transition period is the period of time that commences on 25 May 2017 and ends on 26 May 2018.

1.2.3—1A(2) provides that section 1.1.1—9 of the Code does not apply to the above variation.

1.2.3—1A(3) provides that, during the transition period, a food may comply with either:

(a) the Code as in force without the prescribed variation; or

(b) the Code as amended by the prescribed variation;

but not a combination of both.

Food Standards (Proposal P1044 – Plain English Allergen Labelling) Variation

Item [3] of the Schedule

197

F2021L00145

24 Feb 2021

FSC138

25 Feb 2021

Clause 4

Clause 4 a transitional arrangement for variations to the Code made by Item [3.1], [3.2], [3.3], [3.4] and [3.5] of the Schedule.

The transition period is the period of time that commences on 25 February 2021 and ends on 25 February 2024.

The post-transition period is the period of time that commences 26 February 2024 and ends on 26 February 2026.

Subclause 4(1) provides that section 1.1.1—9 of the Code does not apply to the variations.

Subclause 4(2) provides that during the transition period a food product may be sold if the product complies with one of the following:

  1. the Code as in force without the above variations;
  2. the Code as amended by the above variations.

Subclause 4(3) provides that a food product packaged and labelled before the end of the transition period may be sold during the post-transition period if the product complies with one of the following:

  1. the Code as in force without the above variations;
  2. the Code as amended by the above variations.

Food Standards (Proposal P1028 – Infant Formula Products – Consequential Amendments ) Variation

Items [9] and [10] of Schedule 2

231

F2024L01151

13 Sept 2024

FSC 171

13 Sept 2024

Clause 4

Clause 4 establishes a transitional arrangement for variations to the Code made by Items [9] and [10] of Schedule 2 and by the Food Standards (Proposal P1028 – Infant Formula Products – Consequential Amendments) Variation.

The transition period is the period of time that commences on 13 September 2024 and ends on 13 September 2029.

Subclause 4(1) provides that section 1.1.1—9 of the Code does not apply to the variations.

Subclause 4(2) provides that during the transition period a food product may be sold if the product complies with one of the following:

(a) the Code as in force without the above variations;

(b) the Code as amended by the above variations.

Subclause 4(3) provides that a food product that was labelled before the end of the transition period may be sold after the transition period if the product complies with one of the following:

(a) the Code as in force without the above variations;

(b) the Code as amended by the above variations.

\n```\n\nAmendment History\n\nThe Amendment History provides information about each amendment to the Standard. The information includes commencement or cessation information for relevant amendments.\n\nThese amendments are made under section 92 of the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991 unless otherwise indicated. Amendments do not have a specific date for cessation unless indicated as such.\n\nAbout this compilation\n\nThis is compilation No. 6 of Standard 1.2.3 as in force on 29 October 2024 (up to Amendment No. 233). It includes any commenced amendment affecting the compilation to that date.\n\nPrepared by Food Standards Australia New Zealand on 29 October 2024.\n\nUncommenced amendments or provisions ceasing to have effect\n\nTo assist stakeholders, the effect of any uncommenced amendments or provisions which will cease to have effect, may be reflected in the Standard as shaded boxed text with the relevant commencement or cessation date. These amendments will be reflected in a compilation registered on the Federal Register of Legislation including or omitting those amendments and provided in the Amendment History once the date is passed.\n\nThe following abbreviations may be used in the table below:\n\nad = added or inserted am = amended\n\nexp = expired or ceased to have effect rep = repealed\n\nrs = repealed and substituted\n\nStandard 1.2.3 was published in the Food Standards Gazette No. FSC96 on 10 April 2015 as part of Amendment 154 (F2015L00389 –- 31 March 2015) and has since been amended as follows:\n\n| Section affected | A’ment No. | FRL registrationGazette | Commencement(Cessation) | How affected | Description of amendment |\n| ----------------- | ---------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n| 1.2.3—1A | 170 | F2017L0058523 May 2017FSC11225 May 2017 | 25 May 2017 | ad | Section.For application, saving and transitional provisions, see above table. |\n| 1.2.3—4(1) | 163 | F2016L0078312 May 2016FSC10519 May 2016 | 19 May 2016 | am | References to cereals, milk and soybeans. |\n| 1.2.3—4(1) | 168 | F2017L0041411 April 2017FSC11013 April 2017 | 13 April 2017 | am | Insert ‘or’ after section 1.2.3—4(1)(b)(i)(B)(b). |\n| 1.2.3—4(1) | 170 | F2017L0058523 May 2017FSC11225 May 2017 | 25 May 2017 | am | Paragraph (b) to include reference to lupin.For application, saving and transitional provisions, see above table. |\n| 1.2.3—4(3) | 163 | F2016L0078312 May 2016FSC10519 May 2016 | 19 May 2016 | ad | Subsection to clarify application of subsection 1.2.3—4(1). |\n| 1.2.3 | 197 | F2021L0014524 Feb 2021FSC13825 Feb 2021 | 25 Feb 2021 | ad | Inserting ‘Division 1’, ‘Division 2’ and ‘Division 3’For application, saving and transitional provisions, see above table. |\n| 1.2.3—1A | 197 | F2021L0014524 Feb 2021FSC13825 Feb 2021 | 25 Feb 2021 | ad | Inserting definitions for ‘required name’ and ‘size of type’.For application, saving and transitional provisions, see above table |\n| 1.2.3—4 – 1.2.3—8 | 197 | F2021L0014524 Feb 2021FSC13825 Feb 2021 | 25 Feb 2021 | ad | Inserting subsections 1.2.3—4 to 1.2.3—8For application, saving and transitional provisions, see above table |\n| 1.2.3—6(4)(b) | 231 | F2024L0115113 Sep 2024FSC 17113 Sep 2024 | 13 Sep 2024 | rs | Repeal 1.2.3—6(4)(b) and substitute. |\n| 1.2.3—6(4) | 231 | F2024L0115113 Sep 2024FSC 17113 Sep 2024 | 13 Sep 2024 | rs | Repeal 1.2.3—6(4) note 2 and substitute. |\n| 1.2.3—2(2)(c) | 233 | F2024L0137728 October 2024FSC17329 October 2024 | 29 October 2024 | rs | Repeal and substitute paragraph 1.2.3—2(2)(c). |\n| 1.2.3—2(2)(d) | 233 | F2024L0137728 October 2024FSC17329 October 2024 | 29 October 2024 | ad | Insert subsection 2(2)(d) with text for D-allulose |","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"The standard has expanded significantly from its original 2016 form. Originally focused primarily on royal jelly warnings and basic allergen declarations, it has grown to include: (1) detailed 'plain English' allergen labelling requirements (2021) mandating specific font formatting and summary statements; (2) expanded advisory statements for sugar alcohols including the recent addition of D-allulose (2024); (3) specific provisions for special medical purpose foods and infant formula products; and (4) complex transitional arrangements for multiple amendment cycles. The 2021 'Plain English Allergen Labelling' amendments in particular transformed this from a simple declaration requirement into a comprehensive labelling design standard with precise typographical and positional requirements."},"complexity_factors":["Multiple cross-references to other standards (Standard 1.2.1, 1.2.4, 2.9.1, 2.9.5) and schedules (S9-2, S9-3, S25-2) that are not reproduced in this excerpt","Nested conditional logic with multiple thresholds (10g/100g vs 25g/100g for different sugar alcohols)","Specific formatting requirements (bold font, size of type, positioning relative to ingredients list)","Multiple defined terms referenced but not fully defined within this standard ('compound ingredient', 'processing aid', 'used as a food additive')","Exceptions to general rules (subsections 1.2.3-4(3) and (4) create carve-outs for specific food types)","Transitional provisions with multiple time periods and compliance options creating layered temporal applicability","Dual jurisdiction application (Australia and New Zealand) with different enabling legislation"],"plain_english_summary":"This standard tells food manufacturers and importers in Australia and New Zealand exactly what allergy warnings and advisory statements must appear on packaged foods. It mandates specific warnings (e.g., royal jelly risks), laxative-effect advisories for certain sugar substitutes (including D‑allulose in some products), and clear declarations of major allergens near the ingredients list.\n\nIt affects producers and consumers—especially people with food allergies—by creating consistent, prominent labelling to reduce allergic reactions and other health harms."},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"Since initial publication the Standard's scope has been expanded through amendments. Notable scope changes include adding specific allergens and ingredients (for example lupin references added via amendments recorded at items affecting 1.2.3—4(1) and elsewhere), introducing plain-English allergen labelling and new definitions (insertion of 'required name' and 'size of type' at 1.2.3—1A by Amendment No. 197), and extending mandatory advisory coverage to include D‑allulose for specified food categories (addition at 1.2.3—2(2)(d) by Amendment No. 233). The Standard also incorporated more detailed mandatory declaration mechanics (new Division 3, sections 1.2.3—4 to 1.2.3—8 by Amendment No. 197), increasing the regulatory detail on how and where declarations must appear and how processing aids and derivatives are treated. These changes move the instrument beyond simple warnings into more prescriptive naming, formatting and threshold rules, and introduced multiple transitional windows reflected in the amendment history."},"complexity_factors":["Multiple cross-references to other Code parts (Standard 1.2.1, Standard 1.2.4) and to external tables S9—2 and S9—3","Several defined terms introduced (e.g. 'required name', 'size of type') but many operative words refer to tables rather than inline definitions","Conditional logic with numeric thresholds and compound conditions (10 g/100 g and 25 g/100 g thresholds and combined-substance rules in 1.2.3—2(2))","Distinction and exceptions between 'listed in Column 1' vs 'Column 2' of table S9—3 (inclusion/exclusion rules in 1.2.3—4(3)–(4))","Formatting and placement requirements for labels with several specific constraints (bolding, size parity, proximity and exact summary wording in 1.2.3—7)","Multiple special-case provisions (processing aids, special medical foods, infant products — see 1.2.3—4(5), 1.2.3—6(4))","Transitional arrangements and staggered amendment history with different commencement and post-transition windows (detailed in the amendment history)","Frequent use of the term 'derivative' and compound ingredient treatment requiring supply-chain interpretation and testing"],"plain_english_summary":"**What this Standard does (mechanics)\n\n- Sets mandatory labelling requirements for certain warning and advisory statements, and for mandatory declarations that identify specific foods (mostly allergens and ingredients of concern) when they appear in foods for sale. (See Division 2 and Division 3: sections 1.2.3—2 to 1.2.3—8.)\n\n- Requires an advisory statement that excess consumption may have a laxative effect if certain sugar-alcohols (polyols) or related substances appear above fixed concentration thresholds in a product (section 1.2.3—2(2)). The thresholds are: 10 g/100 g for lactitol, maltitol, maltitol syrup, mannitol and xylitol; 25 g/100 g for erythritol, isomalt, polydextrose and sorbitol; or 10 g/100 g where substances from both lists occur together. The Standard was also amended to require the same advisory for foods with added D‑allulose in specified product categories (section 1.2.3—2(2)(d)).\n\n- Mandates a specific warning if royal jelly is an ingredient, with the exact wording required on the label (section 1.2.3—3).\n\n- Requires mandatory declarations (identifying names) when certain listed foods or their derivatives appear in a food for sale. The list of foods and the exact names to be used are in the code tables referenced (see section 1.2.3—4 and the table to section S9—3). Declarations are required whether the listed item appears as an ingredient, part of a compound ingredient, a component of a food additive, or as a processing aid (section 1.2.3—4(5)).\n\n- Specifies the exact name (the \"required name\") that must be used in different labelling contexts (statement of ingredients vs other label locations) and how that name must appear in ingredient lists and summary statements (sections 1.2.3—5, 1.2.3—6, 1.2.3—7).\n\n- Sets formatting rules for required names in ingredient statements and for a short summary statement. Examples: required names in the statement of ingredients must be bold and at least the same size as the surrounding ingredient text; summary statements must start with the word \"Contains\", list the required names and appear next to the ingredients list (section 1.2.3—7).\n\n- Contains transitional arrangements and records of amendments that affect timing and grandfathering of labels produced before changes commence (amendment history and application/transitional provisions).\n\nWho this affects\n\n- Food manufacturers, packers and label designers who produce foods for sale in Australia and New Zealand. They must ensure labels include the specified advisory/warning statements and mandatory declarations when the listed substances or foods are present (sections 1.2.3—2, 1.2.3—3, 1.2.3—4 to 1.2.3—7).\n\n- Importers, because the same labelling requirements apply to foods brought into the market.\n\n- Retailers and distributors who sell prepackaged foods: they need to be aware which products comply and which are still subject to transitional labelling arrangements.\n\n- Consumers (especially people with allergies, asthma, or sensitivity to laxative effects) are the intended direct beneficiaries of clearer, standardised labelling (see sections requiring specific wording and the lists in S9—2 and S9—3).\n\nWhy it matters (practical consequences and incentives)\n\n- Information transfer: The Standard standardises what must be called out on labels (names, bolding, \"Contains\" summary), making it easier for some consumers to identify allergens and other risks (sections 1.2.3—6 and 1.2.3—7).\n\n- Compliance costs and product decisions: Food businesses must monitor ingredient composition and concentrations (to determine whether the laxative advisory is required under section 1.2.3—2(2)), update ingredient statements and summary statements to the exact required names (1.2.3—5), and format labels to meet presentation rules (1.2.3—7). Those are direct costs in labelling design and potential reformulation to avoid trigger levels.\n\n- Behavioural effects on producers: Firms may reformulate to stay below advisory thresholds or to avoid inclusion of listed derivatives, or they may change packaging/portion sizes. They may also alter how they source or declare processing aids and additives because the Standard treats processing aids and components as possible triggers for declarations (1.2.3—4(5) and 1.2.3—6(2)(a)(ii)).\n\n- Enforcement and administrative burden: The Standard relies on other parts of the Code (Standard 1.2.1 and 1.2.4) for enforcement context, and regulators will need to interpret terms such as \"derivative\", measure concentrations for thresholds, and police correct formatting and placement of statements.\n\nTrade-offs, risks and implementation points to watch\n\n- Measurement and interpretation risk: Determining whether a composite ingredient or derivative triggers a declaration or a concentration threshold can require testing, supplier declarations and supply‑chain tracing (1.2.3—4(3)–(5)).\n\n- Presentation constraints: The required formatting (bold, size parity) and the requirement for a separate \"Contains\" summary next to the ingredients list can create layout challenges on small-pack products, and transitional periods exist to ease conversion (1.2.3—7 and transitional provisions in the amendment history).\n\n- Transitional complexity: Multiple amendments with different transition windows (see amendment history entries and transitional clauses) create a multi‑stage compliance landscape: some changes apply immediately, others have extended transition and post‑transition sale windows, affecting stock‑in‑trade and labelling cycles.\n\n- Concentrated vs diffuse effects: Costs of compliance are concentrated on manufacturers (change labels, test ingredients), while benefits—clearer risk information—are diffuse across consumers.\n\nKey cross‑references in effect\n\n- The Standard cross‑refers to the labelling provisions in Standard 1.2.1 (where general labelling rules live) and to statement-of-ingredients requirements in Standard 1.2.4 (see notes in 1.2.3—2 and 1.2.3—6). The specific lists of foods and the required names are in the Code tables S9—2 (advisory statements) and S9—3 (mandatory declarations), which users must consult alongside this Standard.\n\nPractical takeaways (who pays, who decides, what changes)\n\n- Who pays: food businesses pay direct costs (labelling redesign, testing, supplier verification); consumers may indirectly pay through price changes if firms pass on compliance costs.\n\n- Who decides: the Standard prescribes the words, thresholds and formatting. Food businesses decide whether to reformulate or relabel; regulators decide compliance and enforcement under the broader Code.\n\n- What behaviour changes: firms will update labels, may reformulate products or alter sourcing to manage declaration triggers, and will document processing aids and derivatives more carefully for supplier and label accuracy (sections 1.2.3—2, 1.2.3—4 to 1.2.3—7).\n\nSource claims vs costs and trade-offs\n\n- The Standard claims to improve consumer information by mandating specific warnings, advisories and standardised declarations. Mechanically, it does this by prescribing required wording, concentration thresholds and labelling format (1.2.3—2, 1.2.3—3, 1.2.3—5—7). The costs are compliance testing, label changes, and possible reformulation; implementation risks include interpreting \"derivative\" and measuring concentrations in compound ingredients (1.2.3—4(3)–(5)).\n\nSelected section references: 1.2.3—2 (advisory statements and laxative thresholds), 1.2.3—3 (royal jelly warning), 1.2.3—4 to 1.2.3—8 (mandatory declarations, required names and formatting), plus cross‑references to Standard 1.2.1 and Standard 1.2.4 and to tables S9—2 and S9—3."},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-standard-1-2-3-information-requirements-warning-statements","history":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-standard-1-2-3-information-requirements-warning-statements/history","analysis":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-standard-1-2-3-information-requirements-warning-statements/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-standard-1-2-3-information-requirements-warning-statements/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-standard-1-2-3-information-requirements-warning-statements/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-standard-1-2-3-information-requirements-warning-statements/documents"}}