{"id":"F2015L00440","name":"Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code – Schedule 25 – Permitted novel foods","slug":"australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-schedule-25-permitted-novel-foods","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":93045,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2015L00440-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-02","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code – Schedule 25 – Permitted novel foods","content":"Schedule 25 Permitted novel foods\n\nNote 1 This instrument is a standard under the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991 (Cth). The standards together make up the Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code. See also section 1.1.1—3.\n\nNovel foods are regulated by paragraphs 1.1.1—10(5)(b) and (6)(f) and Standard 1.5.1. This Standard lists permitted novel foods, and specifies conditions for their use, for section 1.5.1—3.\n\nNote 2 The provisions of the Code that apply in New Zealand are incorporated in, or adopted under, the Food Act 2014 (NZ). See also section 1.1.1—3.\n\nS25—1 Name\n\nThis Standard is Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code – Schedule 25 – Permitted novel foods.\n\nNote Commencement: \nThis Standard commences on 1 March 2016, being the date specified as the commencement date in notices in the Gazette and the New Zealand Gazette under section 92 of the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991 (Cth). See also section 93 of that Act.\n\nS25—2 Sale of novel foods\n\nFor section 1.5.1—3, the permitted \\*novel foods and their conditions for use are:\n\nSale of novel foods\n\n| Permitted novel food | Conditions of use |\n| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n| D-allulose | May only be a food for retail sale if that food is a tabletop sweetener.May only be added to a food listed in condition 4.A food listed in condition 4 must not contain added D-allulose in an amount or at a level greater than the limit, if any, specified in that condition for that food.4. The listed foods are:(a) bakery products (limit: 10% w/w);(b) bubble gum (limit: 50% w/w);(c) breakfast cereals (limit: 5% w/w);(d) cereal bars (limit: 5% w/w);(e) chewing gum (limit: 50% w/w);(f) confectionery (but not chocolate) (limit: 50% w/w);(g) desserts (with or without gelatine) (limit: 10% w/w);(h) edible ices (including sorbet) (limit: 5% w/w);(i) frostings (limit: 5% (w/w));(j) fruit spreads (but not chutney) (limit: 10% w/w);(k) ice cream (limit: 5% w/w);(l) icings (limit: 5% w/w);(m) imitation cream (limit: 5% w/w);(n) non-alcoholic water based flavoured drinks (limit: 3.5% w/w);Note See the definition of ‘a non-alcoholic water based flavoured drink’ in condition 5 below.(o) salad dressings (limit: 5% w/w);(p) sweet sauces (limit: 10% w/w);(q) syrups (limit: 10% w/w);(r) tabletop sweeteners (limit: 100% w/w);(s) yoghurt (limit: 5% w/w);Note An advisory statement to the effect that excess consumption may have a laxative effect is required for certain foods for sale containing D-allulose. See subsection 1.2.3—2(2)5. For the purposes of this permission, a non-alcoholic water based flavoured drink:(a) includes: a brewed soft drink; a non-brewed soft drink; a cola type drink; a formulated caffeinated beverage; a fruit drink; a tea beverage; a coffee beverage; a powdered drink concentrate; and a liquid drink concentrate; and(b) does not include: a food standardised in Part 2.9 of the Code; a dairy analogue; a fruit juice; a vegetable juice; a formulated beverage; an electrolyte drink; and an electrolyte drink base.6. During the exclusive use period, only D-allulose sold under the brand Nexweet may be a food for retail sale in accordance with condition 1 or added to food in accordance with conditions 2 to 5 above.7. For the purposes of condition 6 above, exclusive use period means the period commencing on the date of gazettal of the Food Standards (Application A1247 – D-allulose as a novel food) Variation and ending 15 months after that date. |\n| α-cyclodextrin | 1. The name ‘alpha cyclodextrin’ or ‘α- cyclodextrin’ must be used when declaring the ingredient in the statement of ingredients. |\n| γ-cyclodextrin | 1. The name ‘gamma cyclodextrin’ or ‘γ- cyclodextrin’ must be used when declaring the ingredient in the statement of ingredients. |\n| Diacylglycerol oil (DAG-Oil) | 1. The name ‘Diacylglycerol oil’ must be used when declaring the ingredient in the statement of ingredients. |\n| Dried marine micro-algae (Schizochytrium sp.) rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) | 1. May be added to infant formula products in accordance with Standard 2.9.1. |\n| Oil derived from marine micro-algae Schizochytrium sp. (American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) PTA-9695) | 1. Only permitted for use in infant formula products in accordance with Standard 2.9.1 |\n| Oil derived from marine micro-algae (Schizochytrium sp.) rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) | 1. May be added to infant formula products in accordance with Standard 2.9.1. |\n| Oil derived from marine micro-algae (Ulkenia sp.) rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) | 1. May be added to infant formula products in accordance with Standard 2.9.1. |\n| Isomalto-oligosaccharide | Must not be added to:food for infants; andformulated supplementary food for young children. |\n| Isomaltulose | |\n| *Phytosterols, phytostanols and their esters | 1. The food must comply with requirements in Standard 1.2.1 insofar as they relate to section 1.2.3—2.2. May only be added to edible oil spreads:(a) according to Standard 2.4.2; and(b) where the total *saturated and *trans fatty acids present in the food are no more than 28% of the total fatty acid content of the food; and |\n| | 3. May only be added to breakfast cereals, not including breakfast cereal bars, if:(a) the total fibre content of the breakfast cereal is no less than 3 g/50 g; and(b) the breakfast cereal contains no more than 30 g/100 g of total sugars; and(c) the *total plant sterol equivalents content is no less than 0.5 g per serving and no more than 2.2 g per serving.4. Foods to which phytosterols, phytostanols or their esters have been added must not be used as ingredients in other foods.5. May only be added to milk in accordance with Standard 2.5.1.6. May only be added to yoghurt in accordance with Standard 2.5.37. May only be added to a beverage derived from legumes, cereals, nuts, seeds, or a combination of those ingredients if, after that addition, each of the following compositional limits are met:(a) the calcium content of the beverage is no less than 100 mg per 100 mL; and(b) the beverage contains no more than 0.75 g saturated fatty acids per 100 mL; and(c) the total plant sterol equivalents content of the beverage is no less than 0.8 g and no more than 2.2 g per 250 mL of the beverage.8. During the exclusive use period, a beverage to which phytosterols, phytostanols and/or their esters have been added in accordance with condition 7 above may only be sold under the brand SANITARIUM HEALTH FOOD COMPANY.9. For the purposes of condition 8 above, exclusive use period means the period commencing on the date of gazettal of the Food Standards (Addition of phytosterols, phytostanols or their esters as novel food to plant-based milk alternatives) Variation and ending 15 months after that date |\n| Rapeseed protein isolate | 1. Must be derived from rapeseed press cake retained after oil pressing from the seeds of one or more of:(a) Brassica napus;(b) Brassica rapa; or(c) Brassica juncea.2. Must not be added to food for infants.3. Must comply with the specifications for rapeseed protein isolate listed in section S3—39(A). |\n| D-Tagatose | |\n| | |\n| Tall oil phytosterol esters | 1. Tall oil phytosterol esters must comply with the specification for tall oil phytosterol esters in Schedule 3.2. The food must comply with the requirements in Standard 1.2.1 insofar as they relate to section 1.2.3—2.3. The name ‘tall oil phytosterol esters’ or ‘plant sterol esters’ must be used.4. May only be added to cheese and processed cheese, in accordance with Standard 2.5.4.6. Foods to which tall oil phytosterol esters have been added must not be used as ingredients in other foods. |\n| Trehalose | 1. May be added to infant formula products only as a cryo-preservative for L(+) lactic acid producing microorganisms. |\n\n \n\nApplication, saving and transitional provisions\n\nThe table below details information on application, saving or transitional provisions in instruments affecting this Standard.\n\n```html\n

Instrument items affected

A’ment No.

FRLI registration

Gazette

Instrument’s transitional provision

Description of transitional arrangement

Food Standards (Proposal P1028 – Infant Formula Products – Consequential Amendments) Variation

Items [24], [25], [26] and [27] of Schedule 2

231

F2024L01151

13 Sept 2024

FSC 171

13 Sept 2024

Clause 4

Clause 4 establishes a transitional arrangement for variations to the Code made by Items [24], [25], [26] and [27] of Schedule 2 and by the Food Standards (Proposal P1028 – Infant Formula Products – Consequential Amendments) Variation.

The transition period is the period of time that commences on 13 September 2024 and ends on 13 September 2029.

Subclause 4(1) provides that section 1.1.1—9 of the Code does not apply to the variations.

Subclause 4(2) provides that during the transition period a food product may be sold if the product complies with one of the following:

(a) the Code as in force without the above variations;

(b) the Code as amended by the above variations.

Subclause 4(3) provides that a food product that was labelled before the end of the transition period may be sold after the transition period if the product complies with one of the following:

(a) the Code as in force without the above variations;

(b) the Code as amended by the above variations.

\n```\n\nAmendment History\n\nThe Amendment History provides information about each amendment to the Schedule. The information includes commencement or cessation information for relevant amendments.\n\nThese amendments are made under section 92 of the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991 unless otherwise indicated. Amendments do not have a specific date for cessation unless indicated as such.\n\nAbout this compilation\n\nThis is compilation No. 9 of Schedule 25 as in force on 29 October 2024 (up to Amendment No. 233). It includes any commenced amendment affecting the compilation to that date.\n\nPrepared by Food Standards Australia New Zealand on 29 October 2024.\n\nUncommenced amendments or provisions ceasing to have effect\n\nTo assist stakeholders, the effect of any uncommenced amendments or provisions which will cease to have effect, may be reflected in the Schedule as shaded boxed text with the relevant commencement or cessation date. These amendments will be reflected in a compilation registered on the Federal Register of Legislation including or omitting those amendments and provided in the Amendment History once the date is passed.\n\n \n\nThe following abbreviations may be used in the table below:\n\nad = added or inserted am = amended\n\nexp = expired or ceased to have effect rep = repealed\n\nrs = repealed and substituted\n\nSchedule 25 was published in the Food Standards Gazette No. FSC96 on 10 April 2015 as part of Amendment 154 (F2015L00440 –- 1 April 2015) and has since been amended as follows:\n\n| Section affected | A’ment No. | FRL registrationGazette | Commencement(Cessation) | How affected | Description of amendment |\n| ---------------- | ---------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |\n| Note 1 to Std | 168 | F2017L0041411 April 2017FSC11013 April 2017 | 13 April 2017 | am | Cross-reference. |\n| table to S25—2 | 170 | F2017L0058623 May 2017FSC11225 May 2017 | 25 May 2017 | ad | Entry for oil derived from marine micro-algae Schizochytrium sp. (American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) PTA-9695) |\n| table to S25—2 | 170 | F2017L0058423 May 2017FSC11225 May 2017 | 25 May 2017 | am | Entry for *Phytosterols, phytostanols and their esters. |\n| table to S25—2 | 171 | F2017L0091511 July 2017FSC11313 July2017 | 13 July 2017 | ad | Entry for isomalto-oligosaccharide. |\n| table to S25—2 | 200 | F2021L006842 June 2021FSC1413 June 2021 | 3 June 2021 | am | Entry for *Phytosterols, phytostanols and their esters. |\n| table to S25—2 | 139 | F2021L0032424 March 2021FSC 13926 March 2021 | 30 June 2021 | ad | Entry for Rapeseed protein isolate |\n| table to S25—2 | 215 | F2023L0003212 January 2023FSC15516 January 2023 | 16 January 2023 | ad | Entry for *Phytosterols, phytostanols and their esters |\n| table to S25—2 | 220 | F2023L0100411 July 2023FSC16019 July 2023 | 19 July 2023 | rs | Entry for rapeseed protein isolate |\n| table to S25—2 | 231 | F2024L0115113 Sept 2024FSC17113 Sept 2024 | 13 September 2024 | rs | Repeal table entries for Dried marine micro-algae, Oil derived from marine micro-algae Schizochytrium sp., Oil derived from marine micro-algae and Oil derived from marine micro-algae and substitute. |\n| table to S25—2 | 231 | F2024L0115113 Sept 2024FSC17113 Sept 2024 | 13 September 2024 | rs | Repeal table item Isomalto-oligosaccharide and substitute. |\n| table to S25—2 | 231 | F2024L0115113 Sept 2024FSC17113 Sept 2024 | 13 September 2024 | rs | Repeal the condition entry for Rapeseed protein isolate and substitute. |\n| table to S25—2 | 231 | F2024L0115113 Sept 2024FSC17113 Sept 2024 | 13 September 2024 | rs | Repeal table item for Trehalose and substitute. |\n| Table 2 S25—2 | 233 | F2024L0137728 October 2024FSC17329 October 2024 | 29 October 2024 | ad | Insert D-allulose and associated Conditions of use into S25—2 table. |","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":7,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"This compilation shows that Schedule 25 has expanded beyond a small original list to include many additional novel foods and more detailed, product‑specific conditions. Recent amendments (identified in the Amendment History) have: added new ingredients such as D‑allulose (inserted 29 Oct 2024), multiple micro‑algal oils and DHA sources, rapeseed protein isolate, and phytosterols/stanols with precise compositional rules; introduced brand‑specific exclusive use periods (temporary sole commercial use to a named brand); and created extended transitional arrangements (for example a transition window 13 Sept 2024–13 Sept 2029 for specified variations). Mechanically, the Schedule has grown from a simple permission list to a complex catalogue of ingredient‑by‑ingredient permissions with cross‑references to other Code Standards and Schedule specifications, and with time‑limited exclusivity provisions — all of which materially broaden the regulatory reach and compliance obligations compared with a minimal original listing."},"complexity_factors":["Many distinct novel‑food entries with differing types of conditions (use limits, naming rules, product‑class restrictions, compositional constraints).","Frequent cross‑references to other Code provisions and Schedules (Standard 1.2.1, 1.5.1, Standard 2.4.2, 2.5.1, 2.9.1, Schedule 3.2, S3—39(A), subsection 1.2.3—2(2)).","Numeric compositional limits and serving/weight thresholds (e.g. % w/w limits, mg/serving, minimum fibre/calcium requirements) requiring testing and calculation by industry.","Multiple exclusive use periods and brand‑specific permissions (e.g. Nexweet, SANITARIUM) with defined durations (15 months), creating time‑limited asymmetries.","Conditional definitions embedded in entries (for example the definition of 'non‑alcoholic water based flavoured drink' in D‑allulose condition 5) rather than solely in an interpretation section.","Infant‑focused exceptions and prohibitions (several entries permit or prohibit use in infant formula/young child foods) increasing regulatory scrutiny and compliance complexity.","Transitional and saving provisions including an extended transition window (13 Sept 2024 – 13 Sept 2029 for certain amendments) that allow parallel application of old and new rules for a period.","References to external product specifications (Schedule 3) and detailed compositional testing which add compliance and enforcement steps.","Amendment history with repeated additions, repeals and substitutions — the table has been amended many times (see Amendment History up to Amendment No. 233) which complicates tracking current permissions.","Mixed regulatory instruments in one table (labelling names, permission limits, ingredient sourcing requirements) which require cross‑discipline compliance (labelling, nutrition, ingredients sourcing)."],"plain_english_summary":"**What this instrument does (mechanics)\n\n- This Schedule (Schedule 25) is the list of \"permitted novel foods\" that may be sold or used in Australia and New Zealand and sets the specific conditions under which each listed novel food may be used. See S25—2 for the table of permitted novel foods and their conditions.\n\n- For each listed novel food the Standard either:\n - authorises sale or addition to other foods but limits which foods and the maximum levels (often given as % w/w or mg per serving), or\n - requires a particular ingredient name to be used on the label, or\n - restricts use to particular product classes (for example, infant formula) or to particular processing roles (for example, a cryo‑preservative), or\n - imposes compositional or labelling conditions that reference other parts of the Food Standards Code (for example Standard 1.2.1 and certain Part 2 Standards).\n\n- Several entries include an \"exclusive use period\" that gives a brand the sole right to sell the novel food for a limited time (example: D‑allulose sold as the brand Nexweet for 15 months; phytosterols in certain beverages sold only under a named brand for 15 months). Those brand‑specific exclusive use periods are specified inside the relevant table entry (see D‑allulose conditions 6–7 and phytosterols conditions 8–9).\n\n- The Schedule repeatedly cross‑refers to other parts of the Code for compositional or labelling rules (for example: Standards 1.2.1, 1.5.1, 2.4.2, 2.5.1, 2.5.3/2.5.4, Standard 2.9.1 for infant formula). It also points to specifications in Schedule 3 (for example tall oil phytosterol esters must meet the Schedule 3.2 specification).\n\nWho this affects\n\n- Food manufacturers and product developers: they must check the table to know whether a novel ingredient is permitted, what product classes it can be used in, and the maximum permitted levels and compositional limits (S25—2 table entries).\n- Infant formula and baby food manufacturers: several entries either permit or prohibit use in infant formula or young child foods and reference Standard 2.9.1 (see DHA oils, trehalose, rapeseed protein isolate restrictions).\n- Retailers and packagers: labelling and ingredient‑naming rules require particular ingredient names to appear on the statement of ingredients (examples: alpha/gamma cyclodextrin, Diacylglycerol oil, tall oil phytosterol esters).\n- Consumers: availability and product composition may change; for some ingredients (e.g. D‑allulose) the Code requires an advisory statement about a possible laxative effect (see cross‑reference to subsection 1.2.3—2(2)).\n- The specific brands identified for exclusive use benefit the named companies for the duration of the exclusive periods (examples in D‑allulose and phytosterols entries).\n\nWhy it matters (policy effects, costs and incentives)\n\n- Market access and barriers: the Schedule creates legally enforceable permissions and limits. A manufacturer cannot lawfully add a novel food to a product class unless that use is listed and its conditions met (S25—2). That creates regulatory barriers to entry for other producers while the table entry exists, and temporary brand exclusivity can delay wider commercial use for the exclusive period.\n\n- Compliance and formulation costs: meeting the numerical limits (percentages, mg per serving, minimum fibre or calcium levels, saturated fat ceilings) and complying with cross‑referenced Standards imposes formulation, testing and labelling costs on businesses (see phytosterols conditions 3 and 7; rapeseed protein isolate condition 3; tall oil phytosterol esters condition 1).\n\n- Incentives to innovate or substitute: firms may reformulate to either use an authorised novel ingredient (where it is permissible and cost‑effective) or to avoid it altogether if the conditions are onerous (for example limits on sugar, fibre, maximum plant sterol equivalents in breakfast cereals and beverages).\n\n- Concentrated benefits, diffuse costs: brand‑specific exclusive use provides a concentrated benefit to the named company for a fixed period (conditions set out within each entry). Compliance costs and potential labeling changes are spread across many manufacturers and possibly consumers through price or product availability changes.\n\n- Infant safety and protective restrictions: several permissions explicitly limit or allow use only in infant formula under Standard 2.9.1 (for example oils rich in DHA). Those limitations allocate the burden of safety and compositional compliance to infant formula manufacturers and highlight higher regulatory scrutiny for foods intended for infants.\n\n- Administrative and enforcement burden: regulators must check cross‑referenced Standards, Schedule 3 specifications, and transitional arrangements (see Clause 4 transitional arrangements described in the compilation notes). That increases implementation complexity for regulators and industry.\n\nExamples (specific, mechanistic):\n\n- D‑allulose (S25—2 table under \"D‑allulose\"):\n - Retail sale as a tabletop sweetener only.\n - Can be added only to a specified list of foods (bakery, chewing gum, certain beverages, yoghurt, etc.) and each listed food has a maximum % w/w limit (for example bakery products 10% w/w, non‑alcoholic water based flavoured drinks 3.5% w/w, tabletop sweeteners up to 100% w/w). (See conditions 1–4.)\n - Advisory statement required where subsection 1.2.3—2(2) applies (laxative effect warning).\n - A 15‑month exclusive use period applies to the brand Nexweet (conditions 6–7).\n\n- Phytosterols, phytostanols and esters (S25—2 table entry):\n - May only be added to specific food categories and subject to compositional limits (for edible oil spreads, total saturated + trans fatty acids ≤ 28% of total fatty acids; breakfast cereals must meet fibre and sugar thresholds; beverages from plant sources must meet minimum calcium and maximum saturated fat and a given plant sterol equivalent per 250 mL). (See conditions 1 and 3 and 7.)\n - Foods containing added sterols/stanols cannot be used as ingredients in other foods (condition 4).\n - A 15‑month exclusive use period for a named brand is included for certain beverage uses (conditions 8–9).\n\n- Rapeseed protein isolate (S25—2):\n - Must be derived from specific Brassica species, is not permitted in foods for infants, and must meet specifications in Schedule S3—39(A) (conditions 1–3).\n\n- Trehalose is only permitted in infant formula as a cryo‑preservative for L(+) lactic acid producing microorganisms (see table entry).\n\nTransitional arrangements and amendments\n\n- The compilation includes a transitional arrangement (Clause 4 in the variation notes) that establishes a transition period (13 Sept 2024 to 13 Sept 2029) for certain changes; during that period some food products may be sold if they comply with either the Code before the variation or the Code as amended (see the Application, saving and transitional provisions in the compilation notes).\n\nNet effect summary (procedural):\n\n- The Schedule tells industry which novel ingredients are allowed and exactly how they may be used, who must label what name, which products they cannot be used in (notably some infant/young child food restrictions), and where temporary brand exclusivity applies. Businesses must check the specific table entry and the cross‑referenced Standards and Schedule specifications before introducing or reformulating products.\n\n(References in this summary are to the Schedule 25 table entries and to S25—2 and the compilation transitional note described under \"Application, saving and transitional provisions\".)"},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The legislation maintains its original scope as a permissive schedule listing approved novel foods with conditions. While the specific foods listed have expanded through amendments (from the original 2015 list to include D-allulose, rapeseed protein isolate, various marine micro-algae oils, etc.), the fundamental structure and purpose remain unchanged. The addition of exclusive use periods and detailed transitional provisions reflects evolving regulatory practice rather than scope creep."},"complexity_factors":["Extensive cross-referencing to other Standards (1.5.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.3, 2.4.2, 2.5.1, 2.5.3, 2.5.4, 2.9.1) and the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991","Nested conditional logic with multiple sub-conditions (e.g., D-allulose has 7 numbered conditions with sub-paragraphs (a)-(s) and further definitional notes)","Defined terms used but not defined within this instrument (marked with asterisks: *novel foods, *saturated, *trans fatty acids, *total plant sterol equivalents)","Exclusive use period provisions creating time-limited monopolies with specific commencement calculations based on gazettal dates","Percentage-based compositional limits requiring precise calculations (e.g., 'no more than 28% of the total fatty acid content')","Dual-jurisdictional application requiring awareness of New Zealand's Food Act 2014 incorporation","Transitional provisions table with HTML formatting containing detailed clause-by-clause analysis of amendment instruments","Amendment history tracking 9 compilations and 233 amendments with specific FRLI registration numbers and cessation dates"],"plain_english_summary":"This instrument publishes a positive list of “novel foods” approved for sale in Australia and New Zealand and sets strict, product‑specific conditions on their uses. It affects food manufacturers and importers by defining where, how much, how labelled, and to whom these ingredients may be supplied, and it safeguards consumers—especially vulnerable groups—by ensuring safety‑assessed, tightly regulated entry of new ingredients into the market."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-schedule-25-permitted-novel-foods","history":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-schedule-25-permitted-novel-foods/history","analysis":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-schedule-25-permitted-novel-foods/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-schedule-25-permitted-novel-foods/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-schedule-25-permitted-novel-foods/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/australia-new-zealand-food-standards-code-schedule-25-permitted-novel-foods/documents"}}