{"id":"animal-welfare-regulations-2012","name":"Animal Welfare Regulations 2012","slug":"animal-welfare-regulations-2012","collection":"regulation","jurisdiction":"sa","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":235217,"registerId":"sa-animal-welfare-regulations-2012-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-06","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"Part 1","sectionType":"part","heading":"Preliminary","content":"Part 1—Preliminary\n1—Short title\nThese regulations may be cited as the Animal Welfare Regulations 2012.\n3—Interpretation\n\t(1)\tIn these regulations—\nAct means the Animal Welfare Act 1985;\nalpaca means an animal of the genus Vicugna;\nbobby calf means a calf of the genus Bos that—\n\t(a)\tis less than 30 days old; and\n\t(b)\tis not accompanied by its mother;\nbuffalo means an animal of the genus Bubalus, and includes an animal that is a hybrid of a buffalo;\ncamel means an animal of the species Camelus dromedarius;\ncattle means an animal of the genus Bos;\ndeer means an animal of the family Cervidae, and includes an animal that is a hybrid of a deer;\ndomestic fowl means an animal of the species Gallus gallus domesticus;\nduck or goose means an animal of the family Anatidae;\nemu means an animal of the species Dromaius novae‑hollandiae;\ngoat means an animal of the genus Capra;\nguinea fowl means an animal of the species Numida meleagris;\nllama means an animal of the genus Lama;\nNVR registered training organisation means an NVR registered training organisation under the National Vocational Education and Training Regulator Act 2011 of the Commonwealth;\nostrich means an animal of the species Struthio camelus;\npartridge or pheasant means an animal of the family Phasianidae;\npig means an animal of the genus Sus;\npigeon means an animal of the species Columba livia;\npoultry means domestic fowl, ducks, geese, guinea fowl, partridges, pheasants, pigeons, quails or turkeys;\nquail means an animal of the species Coturnix japonica;\nreasonable access to water—an animal will be taken to have reasonable access to water if the animal is given a reasonable opportunity to drink water of a suitable quality and quantity sufficient to maintain the animal's hydration;\nsheep means an animal of the genus Ovis;\nturkey means an animal of the species Meleagris gallopavo.\n\t(2)\tFor the purposes of these regulations, a reference to the weight of an animal is a reference to the live weight of that animal.\n4—Inspectors\n\t(1)\tFor the purposes of the definition of qualified person in section 28 of the Act, the following training is prescribed:\n\t(a)\ta course of basic training for inspectors provided, from time to time, by the Minister;\n\t(b)\ta course of training that would, in the opinion of the Minister, qualify a person to be appointed as a police officer of the Commonwealth or a State or Territory of the Commonwealth;\n\t(c)\ta course of training approved by the Minister provided by—\n\t(i)\tthe Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (South Australia) (RSPCA) or an organisation corresponding to the RSPCA in another State or a Territory of the Commonwealth; or\n\t(ii)\ta public sector agency of the Commonwealth or a State or Territory of the Commonwealth; or\n\t(iii)\tan NVR registered training organisation.\n\t(2)\tAn inspector is authorised to give expiation notices for an alleged offence against the Act or these regulations.\n5—Codes of practice\n\t(1)\tA person described in an entry in Schedule 2 must, in carrying out an activity described in that entry, ensure compliance with the code of practice and any modifications specified in the entry.\n\t(2)\tFor the purposes of section 43 of the Act, each of the codes of practice specified in Schedule 2 is a prescribed code of practice.\n","sortOrder":0},{"sectionNumber":"Part 2","sectionType":"part","heading":"Animal welfare offences","content":"Part 2—Animal welfare offences\n6—Ill treatment of animals\n\t(1)\tFor the purposes of section 13 of the Act, a person ill treats an animal if—\n\t(a)\texcept where a veterinary surgeon has certified in writing that any of the following procedures is necessary for the control of disease—the person—\n\t(i)\tsurgically reduces the ability of an animal to produce a vocal sound; or\n\t(ii)\tdocks the tail of a dog; or\n\t(iii)\tcrops an animal's ear; or\n\t(iv)\tdocks or nicks a horse's tail or docks the tail of cattle or buffalo; or\n\t(b)\tthe person—\n\t(i)\ttraps an animal in a trap that has been set in contravention of regulation 9; or\n\t(ii)\tcatches a bird by using a gel that has been applied in contravention of regulation 10.\n\t(2)\tHowever, a person who is a veterinary surgeon may—\n\t(a)\tsurgically reduce the ability of an animal to produce a vocal sound if satisfied that—\n\t(i)\tthe procedure is required for therapeutic purposes; or\n\t(ii)\tthere is no other reasonably practicable means of preventing the animal from causing a nuisance by creating noise; or\n\t(b)\tif satisfied the procedure is required for therapeutic purposes—\n\t(i)\tdock a dog's tail; or\n\t(ii)\tdock, or authorise another person to dock, the tail of cattle; or\n\t(c)\tif satisfied the procedure is required for therapeutic purposes, crop an animal's ear.\n7—Use of electroimmobilisers\n\t(1)\tFor the purposes of section 15 of the Act, a person must not apply an electroimmobiliser to an animal unless—\n\t(a)\tthe animal is—\n\t(i)\ta class 1 animal (other than cattle under the age of 6 months); or\n\t(ii)\ta class 2, class 3 or class 4 animal; and\n\t(b)\tthe electroimmobiliser is a device of a kind approved by the Minister as an authorised electroimmobiliser under this regulation; and\n\t(c)\tthe electroimmobiliser—\n\t(i)\tis used only for the purpose of restraining the animal for as short a time as is practicable while a husbandry procedure is carried out on the animal; and\n\t(ii)\tis not used on the animal as an alternative method for relieving pain; and\n\t(d)\t—\n\t(i)\tthe person using the electroimmobiliser is the holder of a certificate issued under this regulation for the relevant class of animal or is acting under the direct supervision of a person who holds such a certificate; or\n\t(ii)\tthe electroimmobiliser was acquired before 11 July 1996 by the person using it or by the person under whose direct supervision it is being used.\n\t(2)\tSubregulation (1) does not apply to a person who is using an electroimmobiliser for the purposes of carrying out research into the use of electroimmobilisers as part of a research program approved by an animal ethics committee, if that person is the holder of a certificate issued under this regulation (for any class of animal) or is acting under the direct supervision of a person who holds such a certificate.\n\t(3)\tIf a person sells, leases, hires out, gives or lends an electroimmobiliser to another person without that other person first producing an apparently genuine certificate issued in his or her name under this regulation, each party to the transaction is guilty of an offence.\n\t(4)\tFor the purposes of this regulation, the Minister may—\n\t(a)\ton the recommendation of the Animal Welfare Advisory Committee—approve a device of a specified kind as an authorised electroimmobiliser; and\n\t(b)\tapprove a person to conduct an approved course of training in the proper use of an electroimmobiliser who may issue a certificate (in a form approved by the Minister) to another person certifying that the other person has satisfactorily completed such a course in respect of a specified class of animals (being class 1, 2, 3 or 4 animals).\n\t(5)\tAn approval under subregulation (4)—\n\t(a)\tmay be subject to conditions; and\n\t(b)\tmay be varied or revoked by the Minister at any time (but in the case of an approval of a device only on the recommendation of the Animal Welfare Advisory Committee).\n\t(6)\tIn this regulation—\nclass 1 animal means cattle or buffalo;\nclass 2 animal means an alpaca, llama, deer or camel;\nclass 3 animal means a goat or a sheep;\nclass 4 animal means an ostrich or emu.\n8—Use of certain other electrical devices\n\t(1)\tFor the purposes of section 15 of the Act, a person must not—\n\t(a)\tuse an electrical device that is capable of producing an electrical stimulus to an animal—\n\t(i)\tunless it is for the purpose of carrying out research into the use of such a device as part of a research program approved by an animal ethics committee; or\n\t(ii)\totherwise than in accordance with regulation 8A; or\n\t(b)\tsubject to these regulations, apply an electrical prod or goad to an animal.\n\t(2)\tA person may only apply an electrical prod or goad to an animal in the following circumstances:\n\t(a)\tif the animal is to be used or is being used in a rodeo event and the prod or goad complies with, and is applied to the animal in accordance with, Part 4;\n\t(b)\tif the animal is a pig that is being kept in the course of the business of a piggery and—\n\t(i)\tthe pig weighs 60 kilograms or more; and\n\t(ii)\tthe pig is being loaded onto or unloaded from a vehicle for the purposes of being transported to or from the piggery; and\n\t(iii)\tthe prod or goad is not applied to the face, udders, anus or genitals of the animal; and\n\t(iv)\tthe pig is able to move away from the prod or goad; and\n\t(v)\tthe prod or goad is applied as sparingly as possible and (in any event) with restraint; and\n\t(vi)\tthe use of the prod or goad is reasonably required to ensure the safety of the person transporting the pig;\n\t(c)\tin any other case—\n\t(i)\tthe animal is a prescribed animal; and\n\t(ii)\tthe animal is over 3 months of age; and\n\t(iii)\tthe prod or goad is not applied to the face, udders, anus or genitals of the animal; and\n\t(iv)\tthe animal is able to move away from the prod or goad; and\n\t(v)\tthe prod or goad is applied as sparingly as possible and (in any event) with restraint.\n\t(3)\tIn this regulation—\nprescribed animal means—\n\t(a)\tcattle or buffalo; or\n\t(b)\ta camel; or\n\t(c)\ta goat, other than a goat known or visually assessed to be pregnant; or\n\t(d)\ta deer; or\n\t(e)\ta sheep; or\n\t(f)\ta pig (other than a pig referred to in subregulation (2)(b)).\n8A—Virtual fencing systems\n\t(1)\tA person may only use a device that is capable of producing an electrical stimulus to a designated animal if—\n\t(a)\tthe electrical stimulus is delivered in connection with a virtual fencing system approved by the Minister that—\n\t(i)\tis appropriate to the type or kind of designated animal intended to be contained by the system; and\n\t(ii)\tis capable of recording and retaining information and providing information to users of the system (such as, for example, alerts if the system is malfunctioning or if the system detects possible harm to an animal) (system communications) in accordance with any conditions of the approval; and\n\t(iii)\tis designed and operates—\n\t(A)\tto contain an animal in a designated area; and\n\t(B)\tto allow an animal—\n\t•\tto move into a designated area; and\n\t•\tonce the animal is within the designated area—to move freely in any direction within the designated area,\nwithout receiving an electrical stimulus; and\n\t(C)\tbefore any electrical stimulus is applied to an animal—\n\t•\tto give the animal an audio warning or a warning by means of a vibration applied to the animal (or both); and\n\t•\tto allow sufficient time to enable the animal to move away from the virtual boundary; and\n\t(iv)\tdoes not allow a person to—\n\t(A)\tmanually apply an electrical stimulus to an animal; or\n\t(B)\tdeliver an electrical stimulus to an animal that does not comply with requirements determined by the Minister by notice in the Gazette (whether for virtual fencing systems generally or for a particular type, or class, of virtual fencing system); and\n\t(v)\tallows a person to permanently or temporarily deactivate a device to prevent harm to an animal; and\n\t(b)\tthe person—\n\t(i)\thas completed a course of training provided by the holder of the approval or is under the direct supervision of a person who has completed a course of training provided by the holder of the approval; and\n\t(ii)\tis using the device for the purpose for which it was designed and is operating it in accordance with the training provided by the holder of the approval; and\n\t(iii)\tis not using the device for herding designated animals by means of applying the electrical stimulus unless—\n\t(A)\tthe movement of virtual boundaries occurs gradually and allows sufficient time to enable the animals to react; and\n\t(B)\tthe animals are not required to move at a pace faster than their normal walking pace; and\n\t(C)\tno single animal is intentionally separated from the herd by means of applying the electrical stimulus; and\n\t(iv)\tis not using the device on a designated animal of or under—\n\t(A)\t6 months of age; or\n\t(B)\tthe age specified by the holder of the approval,\nwhichever is greater; and\n\t(v)\tis only using the device on a designated animal that—\n\t(A)\thas undergone system training for—\n\t•\ta period of 3 days; or\n\t•\tthe period specified by the holder of the approval,\nwhichever is greater; and\n\t(B)\thas, within the period of the system training, learnt to respond appropriately to the electrical stimuli produced by the device; and\n\t(vi)\tis not using the device on an animal that is fitted with another relevant device; and\n\t(vii)\tchecks the device at regular intervals to ensure the device—\n\t(A)\tis maintained in good working order; and\n\t(B)\tfits the animal properly; and\n\t(C)\tis not causing harm to the animal; and\n\t(viii)\thas arrangements in place to monitor system communications and to ensure that a device that is not operating in accordance with the requirements of this regulation or that is causing harm to an animal can be removed from the animal or otherwise rectified as soon as reasonably practicable.\n\t(2)\tThe Minister may, on application by a manufacturer or supplier of virtual fencing systems and payment of the prescribed fee, by written notice to the manufacturer or supplier (as the case may be), approve a virtual fencing system that is commercially available (or that will, if approved, be commercially available) for the purposes of subregulation (1).\n\t(3)\tAn application for approval under subregulation (2) must—\n\t(a)\tbe made in a manner and form determined by the Minister; and\n\t(b)\tbe accompanied by such information or documents as may be required by the Minister.\n\t(4)\tAn approval under subregulation (2)—\n\t(a)\tremains in force for such period (not exceeding 3 years) as is specified in the notice and may, on application made in a manner and form determined by the Minister and payment of the prescribed fee, be renewed; and\n\t(b)\tis subject to the following conditions:\n\t(i)\ta condition requiring the holder of the approval to notify the Minister of any significant change, or planned significant change, to the operation of the virtual fencing system that differs from the approval criteria;\n\t(ii)\ta condition requiring the holder of the approval to, on the request of the Minister, provide a report or supply specified records to the Minister;\n\t(iii)\ta condition requiring the holder of the approval to provide training to a user of the system (including training in relation to how to identify and manage any animal welfare risks associated with the system) and to keep records of such training in accordance with any directions of the Minister; and\n\t(c)\tmay be subject to such other conditions as the Minister thinks fit and specifies in the notice; and\n\t(d)\tmay, with the approval of the Minister, be transferred; and\n\t(e)\tmay be varied, suspended or revoked by the Minister at any time by subsequent written notice to the holder of the approval (because the holder of the approval has committed an offence or for any other reason the Minister thinks fit).\n\t(5)\tIf an approval of a virtual fencing system is varied, suspended or revoked under subregulation (4)(e), the holder of the approval must notify each person using the virtual fencing system of the variation, suspension or revocation as soon as reasonably practicable.\n\t(6)\tIf a holder of an approval contravenes any conditions of the approval, the holder of the approval is guilty of an offence.\n\t(7)\tIf a person, other than the holder of the approval, sells, leases or supplies a virtual fencing system approved by the Minister under this regulation to another (the recipient), the person must—\n\t(a)\tprovide the following information to the holder of the approval of the virtual fencing system:\n\t(i)\tthe full name, address and telephone number of the recipient;\n\t(ii)\tthe address of the recipient's property where the system is intended to be used;\n\t(iii)\tthe date of the sale, lease or supply of the system; and\n\t(b)\tinform the recipient of the training requirements for the system; and\n\t(c)\tprovide the recipient with the name and contact details of the holder of the approval.\n\t(8)\tA person who—\n\t(a)\tsells, leases or supplies a virtual fencing system that is not approved by the Minister; or\n\t(b)\tsells, leases or supplies a virtual fencing system in contravention of subregulation (7),\nis guilty of an offence.\n\t(9)\tA person who interferes or tampers with any device or other part of an approved virtual fencing system in a way that may result in—\n\t(a)\tthe device or system recording false or misleading information; or\n\t(b)\tharm to an animal,\nis guilty of an offence.\n\t(10)\tIn this regulation—\napproval—see subregulation (2);\ndesignated animal means—\n\t(a)\tcattle; or\n\t(b)\tany other animal of a kind determined by the Minister by notice in the Gazette for the purposes of this definition;\nrelevant device means—\n\t(a)\ta device that is capable of producing an electrical stimulus; or\n\t(b)\tany other form of electrical device or collar,\nbut does not include a device of a kind declared by the Minister, by notice in the Gazette, to not constitute a relevant device for the purposes of this regulation.\n9—Use of traps prohibited in certain circumstances\n\t(1)\tSubject to this regulation, a person must not set a jawed leg hold trap for an animal other than for a wild or feral dog, a feral cat, a fox or a rabbit.\n\t(2)\tA person must not set a jawed leg hold trap for a wild or feral dog unless—\n\t(a)\tthe trap is set on land outside the area of a municipal council; and\n\t(b)\tthe trap is set on land that is inside, or not more than 100 metres outside, that part of the State bounded by the dog fence established under the Dog Fence Act 1946, the eastern border of the State and the coast of the State; and\n\t(c)\tthe jaws of the trap—\n\t(ii)\tare offset so that there is a distance of at least 6 millimetres between the metal parts of the jaws when the jaws are closed; and\n\t(iii)\tare padded with rubber pads; and\n\t(iv)\tare treated with an agricultural chemical product approved by the Minister sufficient to ensure a rapid death for any animal caught in the trap.\n\t(2a)\tA person must not set a jawed leg hold trap for a feral cat unless—\n\t(a)\tuse of the trap is reasonably required for the purposes of—\n\t(i)\ta threatened species recovery program, or a research program related to feral cat management, approved by an animal ethics committee; or\n\t(ii)\ta native fauna conservation program approved by the Minister; and\n\t(b)\t—\n\t(i)\tthe trap is set on land that is not less than 1 km from the nearest residential premises; or\n\t(ii)\tthe person has the written permission of the owner of land on which the trap is set to set, check and reset the trap on the day specified in the written permission; and\n\t(c)\tthe trap is monitored every day; and\n\t(d)\tany animal caught in the trap is treated and released, or killed, as soon as is reasonably practicable after being caught; and\n\t(e)\tthe jaws of the trap—\n\t(ii)\tare offset so that there is a distance of at least 6 millimetres between the metal parts of the jaws when the jaws are closed; and\n\t(iii)\tare padded with rubber pads.\n\t(3)\tA person must not set a jawed leg hold trap for a fox or a rabbit unless—\n\t(a)\tthe trap is set on land outside the area of a municipal council; and\n\t(b)\tthe jaws of the trap—\n\t(ii)\tare offset so that there is a distance of at least 6 millimetres between the metal parts of the jaws when the jaws are closed; and\n\t(iii)\tare padded with rubber pads; and\n\t(c)\tthe trap is monitored every day.\n\t(4)\tA person must not set a body grip trap unless—\n\t(a)\tthe trap is set on land that is not within the area of a municipal council; and\n\t(b)\tthe trap is set for a rabbit or rat; and\n\t(c)\tthe trap is set in a natural or artificial tunnel or burrow for a rabbit or rat; and\n\t(d)\tthe external frame of the trap does not exceed 14 centimetres by 14 centimetres.\n\t(5)\tThis regulation does not apply to—\n\t(a)\tthe setting of a body grip trap to control vermin or exotic animals in a reserve within the meaning of the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972; or\n\t(b)\tthe setting of a body grip trap with a single jaw for a mouse or rat; or\n\t(c)\tthe setting of a trap for the purposes of carrying out research as part of a research program approved by an animal ethics committee if the jaws of the trap are sufficiently padded, or the trap has been otherwise modified, so that any animal caught in the trap is unlikely to suffer significant injury.\n10—Use of gel to catch or deter birds prohibited\nA person must not apply a silicon gel to any tree, plant, building or other structure or thing for the purpose of catching birds or deterring birds from perching on it.\n","sortOrder":1},{"sectionNumber":"Part 3","sectionType":"part","heading":"Teaching and research involving animals","content":"Part 3—Teaching and research involving animals\n11—Certain research prohibited except for limited purposes\n\t(1)\tA person must not—\n\t(a)\tapply any substance to the conjunctival sac of a rabbit for the purpose of assessing the relative irritancy of the substance; or\n\t(b)\texpose an animal to any substance for the purpose of assessing the toxicity of the substance against a predetermined level of mortality,\nunless—\n\t(c)\tthe assessment relates to research that has the potential to benefit human or animal health; and\n\t(d)\tthe objectives of the assessment cannot practicably be achieved by means that will cause less pain to animals.\n\t(2)\tIn proceedings for an offence against subregulation (1), the onus of proving the matters specified in paragraphs (c) and (d) lies on the defendant.\n11A—Exemption from section 16 of Act\nA person is exempt from the operation of section 16(1) of the Act in respect of an activity undertaken—\n\t(a)\tfor, or on behalf of, a person who holds a licence under Part 4 of the Act; or\n\t(b)\tunder the supervision of a person who holds a licence under Part 4 of the Act or an employee of such a person.\n12—Application for licence\nFor the purposes of section 17(2)(b) of the Act, the following information is prescribed in relation to an application for a licence:\n\t(a)\tthe name, address and contact details of the applicant;\n\t(b)\ta statement of the purpose or purposes for which the licence is sought;\n\t(c)\tthe address of the premises proposed to be used for activities authorised by the licence;\n\t(d)\tdetails of the type of premises and facilities proposed for the care and handling of the animals used or available to be used under the licence;\n\t(e)\tthe proposed arrangements for the provision of veterinary attention to the animals used or available to be used under the licence;\n\t(f)\tin relation to the animal ethics committee proposed to be used under the licence—\n\t(i)\ta statement of whether the committee is—\n\t(A)\tan animal ethics committee established in accordance with section 23 of the Act (whether already established or yet to be established); or\n\t(B)\ta body approved by the Minister as an ethics committee under section 23A of the Act (whether already approved or yet to be approved); and\n\t(ii)\teither—\n\t(A)\tif the animal ethics committee proposed to be used under the licence has, at the time of making the application, already been established in accordance with section 23 of the Act or approved under section 23A of the Act—\n\t•\tthe name of the committee; and\n\t•\tthe address at which the committee is generally to conduct its meetings; and\n\t•\tthe contact details for the Secretary of the committee; or\n\t(B)\tif the animal ethics committee proposed to be used under the licence is a body that is, at the time of making the application, yet to be approved by the Minister under section 23A of the Act as an animal ethics committee—\n\t•\tthe name of the body; and\n\t•\tthe address at which the body is generally to conduct its meetings; and\n\t•\tthe contact details for the Secretary of the body; and\n\t•\tthe name of each member of the body; and\n\t•\tthe relevant experience and qualifications of each member of the body; and\n\t•\tthe terms of reference of the body; and\n\t•\ta copy of the most recent annual report of the body; and\n\t•\ta copy of the most recent external review of the body; and\n\t•\tsuch other information relating to the body as may be required by the Minister in connection with the application.\n12A—Grant of licence\nFor the purposes of section 18(1)(d) of the Act, in determining whether a licence should be granted to a person, the Minister must have regard to whether the animal ethics committee proposed to be used under the licence is prepared to undertake the functions of animal ethics committee under the conditions of the licence.\n13—Annual reports by animal ethics committees\n\t(1)\tFor the purposes of section 25(1)(e) of the Act, an animal ethics committee established under section 23 of the Act must, within 3 months after the end of each calendar year, provide a report in relation to that year (the relevant calendar year) prepared in accordance with this regulation to—\n\t(a)\tthe chief executive; and\n\t(b)\tthe licensee who established the animal ethics committee.\n\t(1a)\tFor the purposes of section 25(1)(e) of the Act, a body approved by the Minister as an animal ethics committee under section 23A of the Act must provide to the chief executive, within 3 months after the end of each calendar year, the most recent annual report prepared by the committee for the purposes of the Code for the governing body of the institution or institutions for which it acts.\n\t(2)\tA report referred to in subregulation (1) must include the following details in relation to the relevant calendar year:\n\t(a)\ta statement of the number of meetings held by the committee;\n\t(b)\tfor each meeting—\n\t(i)\tthe name of each member who attended the meeting; and\n\t(ii)\ta summary of the business discussed at the meeting;\n\t(c)\tthe number and nature of the projects or activities of licensees that were—\n\t(i)\tassessed by the committee; and\n\t(ii)\tapproved by the committee;\n\t(d)\ta summary of any relevant education and training undertaken by—\n\t(i)\tpersons involved in the care or use of the animals under the licences; and\n\t(ii)\tmembers of the committee;\n\t(e)\tdetails of—\n\t(i)\tadverse incidents or problems (other than trivial incidents or problems) relating to the premises and facilities for the care and handling of animals by the licensees; and\n\t(ii)\timprovements or changes made, or recommended by the committee to be made, to those premises and facilities as a result of those incidents or problems;\n\t(f)\tdetails of—\n\t(i)\tadministrative difficulties experienced by the committee; and\n\t(ii)\tany other problems or factors that have or may have adversely affected—\n\t(A)\tthe proper and efficient functioning of the committee; or\n\t(B)\tthe ability of the licensees to comply with the Code; and\n\t(iii)\timprovements or changes made, or recommended by the committee to be made, to address the matters referred to in the preceding subparagraphs.\n\t(3)\tA report referred to in subregulation (1) may include any other information in relation to the relevant calendar year that the committee considers appropriate.\n\t(4)\tIn this regulation—\nchief executive means the chief executive of the administrative unit that is responsible for assisting a Minister in the administration of the Act.\n","sortOrder":2},{"sectionNumber":"Part 4","sectionType":"part","heading":"Rodeos","content":"Part 4—Rodeos\n14—Interpretation\nIn this Part—\nanimal handling equipment means bridles, whips, prods and goads (whether electrical or not), ropes and any other article used to handle or direct an animal or to get an animal to move;\napplication means an application for a permit to conduct a rodeo;\ndesignated permit holder means the person designated in an application as the person who will be conducting the rodeo;\ndesignated person, in relation to a rodeo, means—\n\t(a)\tthe designated permit holder; or\n\t(b)\tthe designated rodeo judge; or\n\t(c)\tthe designated rodeo veterinary surgeon; or\n\t(d)\tthe designated stock contractor,\n(as the case requires);\ndesignated rodeo judge means the person designated in an application as the person who will officiate as the judge at the rodeo, or, if that person does not do so, the person who acts in the place of that person;\ndesignated rodeo veterinary surgeon means the veterinary surgeon designated in an application as the veterinary surgeon who will provide veterinary treatment at the rodeo, or, if that veterinary surgeon does not do so, the veterinary surgeon who acts in the place of that veterinary surgeon;\ndesignated stock contractor means the person designated in an application as the stock contractor who will provide horses and cattle for the rodeo events, or, if that stock contractor does not do so, the person who acts in the place of that stock contractor.\n15—Only horses and cattle to be used in rodeo events\nIt is an offence to use an animal other than a horse or cattle in a rodeo event.\n16—Permit to conduct rodeo\n\t(1)\tAn application for a permit to conduct a rodeo must be made at least 28 days before the day on which it is proposed to conduct the rodeo.\n\t(2)\tThe application must contain the name and address of—\n\t(a)\tthe designated permit holder; and\n\t(b)\tthe designated rodeo judge; and\n\t(c)\tthe designated rodeo veterinary surgeon; and\n\t(d)\tthe designated stock contractor,\nand be signed by the designated permit holder.\n17—General requirements for conducting rodeos\n\t(1)\tA person must not conduct a rodeo at a venue at which there is not sufficient fencing so as to ensure (so far as is reasonably practicable) the safety of competitors and other participants, spectators and animals at the rodeo.\n\t(2)\tA person conducting a rodeo must ensure that the fencing (whether fixed or portable) at the venue where the rodeo is to be conducted is designed, constructed and maintained so that—\n\t(a)\tit minimises the risk of injury to animals at the rodeo; and\n\t(b)\tit is clearly visible to animals at the rodeo; and\n\t(c)\teach chute is at least 0.75 metres wide at the gate end of the chute; and\n\t(d)\tit facilitates the quiet and efficient handling of animals at the rodeo.\n\t(3)\tA person conducting a rodeo must ensure that no rodeo event is conducted unless the arena and arena surface at the venue where the rodeo is to be conducted are suitable for the purposes of the event.\n\t(4)\tA person conducting a rodeo must ensure that no rodeo event is conducted at the rodeo unless—\n\t(a)\tthe designated rodeo veterinary surgeon is in attendance during the event; and\n\t(b)\tappropriate transport is available to transport sick, lame or injured animals from the rodeo.\n\t(5)\tA person conducting a rodeo must ensure that a copy of these regulations is made available free of charge at the rodeo for inspection by the competitors, the designated rodeo judge, the designated rodeo veterinary surgeon and the designated stock contractor.\n18—Inspections by designated rodeo judge\nThe designated rodeo judge for a rodeo must, before the rodeo is conducted, carry out the following inspections at the venue where the rodeo is to be conducted to ensure compliance with this Part:\n\t(a)\tan inspection of the animals to be used in the rodeo events;\n\t(b)\tan inspection of the arena and arena surface;\n\t(c)\tan inspection of the fencing (both fixed and portable).\n19—Regulation of use and care of rodeo animals\n\t(1)\tThe designated stock contractor for a rodeo must ensure that each animal supplied by the stock contractor that is to be used in a rodeo event complies with the following requirements:\n\t(a)\tthe animal must have a body weight of at least 200 kilograms;\n\t(b)\tthe animal must not be sick, lame, injured or suffering from defective eyesight;\n\t(c)\tany horse to be used in a rodeo event that involves bucking must be at least 3 years of age;\n\t(d)\tany animal to be used in a rodeo event that involves wrestling, roping or tying the animal must have a body weight of at least 200 kilograms but less than 300 kilograms;\n\t(e)\tthe animal must be otherwise fit to be used in the rodeo event.\n\t(2)\tThe designated stock contractor for a rodeo must also ensure that—\n\t(a)\thorses supplied by the stock contractor are penned and managed in separate enclosures from cattle supplied by the stock contractor during transport to and from the rodeo; and\n\t(b)\tan animal is removed from the arena immediately following the rodeo event in which the animal is used; and\n\t(c)\tan animal is immediately removed from a chute if—\n\t(i)\tthe animal fails to enter the arena from the chute within 60 seconds after the chute gate to the arena is opened; or\n\t(ii)\tmore than once, the animal goes down on a knee in the chute or part of the animal's hindquarters from or above the animal's hock touches the ground in the chute; or\n\t(iii)\tmore than once, the animal attempts to jump from, climb out of, or otherwise escape from, the chute; or\n\t(iv)\tthe animal is obviously distressed; or\n\t(v)\tthe designated rodeo judge or designated veterinary surgeon so orders; and\n\t(d)\tno animal supplied by the stock contractor is used in more than 3 rodeo events in a day; and\n\t(e)\tan animal supplied by the stock contractor that is used in a day in 1 of the following rodeo events is not used on the same day in either of the other 2 rodeo events:\n\t(i)\troping or tying;\n\t(ii)\tteam roping;\n\t(iii)\tsteer wrestling; and\n\t(f)\tan aggressive animal or an animal that is injured is managed in such a manner as to minimise harm (or further harm) occurring to the animal, a person or any other animal; and\n\t(g)\tthe attention of the designated rodeo veterinary surgeon is immediately drawn to any sick or injured animal.\n\t(3)\tWithout limiting the generality of subregulation (1)(e), an animal will be taken not to be fit to be used in a rodeo event if, in the opinion of the designated rodeo judge or designated rodeo veterinary surgeon, the animal is not fit to be so used.\n20—Requirements and prohibitions relating to equipment\n\t(1)\tA person must not attach a flank strap to a horse that is to be used or is being used in a rodeo event unless the flank strap—\n\t(a)\tis lined, soft and flexible, with a quick release mechanism; and\n\t(b)\tis set such that the lined portion of the strap covers the flanks and the belly of the horse.\n\t(2)\tA person must not use a horned animal in a team roping event unless the animal's horns are properly wrapped to protect the animal's ears, eyes and horn base from injury.\n\t(3)\tA person must not use on an animal, or include in the equipment worn by or attached to an animal, that is to be used or is being used in a rodeo event, any sharp or cutting object.\n\t(4)\tA person must not—\n\t(a)\tuse animal handling equipment with the intent to excite an animal before the animal enters the arena for a rodeo event; or\n\t(b)\totherwise misuse animal handling equipment on an animal at a rodeo (whether or not during a rodeo event).\n21—Special restrictions relating to use of electrical prods and goads\n\t(1)\tA person must not apply an electrical prod or goad (whether or not switched on) to the face, udders, anus or genitals of an animal that is to be used or is being used in a rodeo event.\n\t(2)\tA person must not apply an electrical prod or goad (whether or not switched on) to an animal that is to be used or is being used in a rodeo event unless—\n\t(a)\tthe prod or goad is more than 30 centimetres in length; and\n\t(b)\tthe prod or goad is not connected to an external power source; and\n\t(c)\tthe prod or goad is applied as sparingly as possible and (in any event) with restraint; and\n\t(d)\tin the case where the animal is in a chute prior to entering the arena—the prod or goad is only applied if—\n\t(i)\tthe animal fails to leave the chute immediately the chute gate to the arena is opened; or\n\t(ii)\tthe animal goes down on a knee in the chute; or\n\t(iii)\tpart of the animal's hindquarters from or above the animal's hock touches the ground in the chute; or\n\t(iv)\tthe animal is leaning on the side of the chute or the chute gate; or\n\t(v)\tthe use of the prod or goad is otherwise necessary to protect the animal or a person from injury.\n","sortOrder":3},{"sectionNumber":"Part 5","sectionType":"part","heading":"Domestic fowls","content":"Part 5—Domestic fowls\n22—General requirements\n\t(1)\tA person who keeps a domestic fowl must ensure that, within 60 hours after hatching and at least once a day thereafter, the fowl is given reasonable access to water.\n\t(2)\tA person who keeps a domestic fowl must ensure that the fowl is provided with adequate food containing sufficient nutrients to ensure the fowl's good health and vitality within 60 hours after hatching, and then, as follows:\n\t(a)\tin the case of a fowl that is kept primarily for the purpose of breeding fowls for meat production—at least once every 2 days thereafter;\n\t(b)\tin the case of any other fowl—at least once every day thereafter.\n\t(3)\tSubregulation (2) does not apply to a domestic fowl kept for egg production that is at the end of its productive life and is reasonably expected to be destroyed within 30 hours from when it was last provided with food.\n\t(4)\tA person who keeps a domestic fowl must ensure that the fowl is inspected at least once a day to assess the fowl's health and well‑being.\n23—Requirements relating to confining domestic fowls in cages\n\t(1)\tA person who keeps domestic fowls confined in a cage must comply with the following requirements:\n\t(a)\tif the person positions the cage so that it is below the level of another cage—\n\t(i)\teach fowl confined in the cage must, as far as practicable, be protected from the excreta of fowls confined in a cage on a higher level; and\n\t(ii)\teach fowl confined in the cage must be capable of being seen on inspection;\n\t(b)\tthe floor of the cage must be constructed so as to support the forward pointing toes of each fowl confined in the cage;\n\t(c)\tthe height of the cage must be higher than the maximum height of a fowl confined in the cage while the fowl is standing normally;\n\t(d)\tthe cage must be constructed with a door as follows:\n\t(i)\tthe height of the door must be the full height (not including the feed trough) of the cage; and\n\t(ii)\tthe width of the door must be—\n\t(A)\tif the cage is less than 0.5 metres wide—the full width of the cage;\n\t(B)\tin any other case—at least 0.5 metres wide.\n\t(2)\tSubject to this regulation, a person who keeps domestic fowls must not confine the fowls in a cage unless—\n\t(a)\tin the case of fowls primarily kept for breeding purposes—the total weight of the fowls confined in the cage does not exceed 40 kilograms per square metre of cage floor area; or\n\t(b)\tin any other case—\n\t(i)\tfor fowls weighing less than 4.5 kilograms—\n\t(A)\tif only 1 fowl is confined in the cage—the floor area of the cage is at least 0.1 square metres; or\n\t(B)\tif 2 fowls are confined in the cage—the floor area of the cage is at least 0.135 square metres; or\n\t(C)\tif more than 2 fowls are confined in the cage—\n\t•\tif, on average, the weight of a fowl confined in the cage is less than 2.4 kilograms—the floor area of the cage is at least 0.055 square metres per fowl;\n\t•\tif, on average, the weight of a fowl confined in the cage is 2.4 kilograms or more but less than 4.5 kilograms—the floor area of the cage is at least 0.06 square metres per fowl; or\n\t(ii)\tfor fowls weighing 4.5 kilograms or more—\n\t(A)\tif only 1 fowl is confined in the cage—the total weight of the fowl does not exceed 26 kilograms per square metre of cage floor area; or\n\t(B)\tif 2 fowls are confined in the cage—the total weight of the fowls does not exceed 40 kilograms per square metre of cage floor area; or\n\t(C)\tif more than 2 fowls are confined in the cage—the total weight of the fowls does not exceed 46 kilograms per square metre of cage floor area.\n\t(3)\tFor the purposes of subregulation (2), the floor area of the cage is that area of the cage floor which is accessible to the fowl.\n\t(4)\tSubregulation (2)(b) does not apply to chicks that are less than 21 weeks old.\n24—Requirements relating to keeping domestic fowls in housing other than cages\nA person who keeps domestic fowls in a housing system other than a cage must ensure that the housing system in which the fowls are confined complies with the following requirements:\n\t(a)\tfor fowls kept for egg production—\n\t(i)\tif the housing system contains more than 1 level or multi‑level perches—\n\t(A)\teach fowl must, as far as practicable, be protected from the excreta of other fowls kept on a higher level; and\n\t(B)\teach fowl must be capable of being seen on inspection; and\n\t(ii)\tthe total weight of the fowls confined in the housing system must not exceed 30 kilograms per square metre of the useable floor area;\n\t(b)\tfor fowls reared for meat production—\n\t(i)\tif the housing system contains more than 1 level or multi‑level perches—\n\t(A)\teach fowl must, as far as practicable, be protected from the excreta of other fowls kept on a higher level; and\n\t(B)\teach fowl must be capable of being seen on inspection; and\n\t(ii)\tthe total weight of the fowls confined in the housing system must not exceed—\n\t(A)\tif the housing system is cooled by means of a mechanical cooling device—40 kilograms per square metre of useable floor area;\n\t(B)\tin any other case—28 kilograms per square metre of useable floor area.\n","sortOrder":4},{"sectionNumber":"Part 6","sectionType":"part","heading":"Pigs","content":"Part 6—Pigs\n25—Interpretation\nboar means an uncastrated male pig over 9 months of age;\ncreep area means an area for housing piglets adjacent to a farrowing crate in which the piglets of the sow are protected from crushing and overlying by the sow;\nfarrowing means giving birth to piglets;\nfarrowing crate means an enclosure for housing a sow for the purposes of farrowing—\n\t(a)\tthat closely corresponds to the sow's body size; and\n\t(b)\tin which the sow is unable to turn around; and\n\t(c)\tthat has an adjacent creep area for any piglets of the sow;\nfarrowing pen means a pen for housing—\n\t(a)\ta sow for the purposes of farrowing; and\n\t(b)\tany piglets of the sow;\nfeeder means a trough, hopper or other equipment from which feed may be accessed by a pig;\ngilt means a female pig (other than a sow) that has been selected for breeding;\nherd health program, in relation to a pig, means a program, approved by the Minister, that identifies potential health and biosecurity risks to the pig and specifies action to prevent or minimise those risks;\npen means an enclosure for housing a pig or group of pigs in which the pig or pigs are able to turn around;\npiglet, of a sow, includes any piglet that is dependent on the sow for milk;\nsow means an adult female pig that has had 1 or more litters;\nstall means an enclosure (other than a farrowing crate) for housing a single pig—\n\t(a)\tthat closely corresponds to the pig's body size; and\n\t(b)\tin which the pig is unable to turn around;\nsuitably qualified—see subregulation (2);\nwaterer means a trough or other equipment from which drinking water may be accessed by a pig.\n\t(2)\tFor the purposes of this Part, a person is suitably qualified if the person—\n\t(a)\tis a veterinary surgeon; or\n\t(b)\tholds a tertiary qualification approved by the Minister in the field of veterinary science or agriculture; or\n\t(c)\tholds a Certificate III in Agriculture (Pig Production) from an NVR registered training organisation; or\n\t(d)\tholds a qualification that is, in the opinion of the Minister, equivalent to the qualification referred to in paragraph (c); or\n\t(e)\tsatisfies the Minister that he or she has, during a period of at least 12 months, been responsible for the comprehensive care of pigs in a business that has, during that period of responsibility, complied with a herd health program or some other quality assurance program approved by the Minister relating to pig husbandry.\n26—Application of Part\nThis Part applies in relation to a pig kept in the course of the business of a piggery.\n27—Exemptions from Part\n\t(1)\tSubject to this regulation, the Minister may, by notice in writing—\n\t(a)\texempt a person, subject to such conditions as the Minister thinks fit and specifies in the notice, from specified provisions of this Part; or\n\t(b)\tvary or revoke an exemption, or a condition of an exemption, under this regulation or impose a further condition.\n\t(2)\tAn exemption under this regulation operates for a period (not exceeding 12 months) specified in the notice.\n\t(3)\tA person who contravenes a condition of an exemption is guilty of an offence.\n28—Keeping records\n\t(1)\tA person who keeps a pig must ensure that—\n\t(a)\ta written record is kept of—\n\t(i)\tany inspection of the pig required under this Part (including any concerns regarding the pig's health or welfare detected by the inspection); and\n\t(ii)\tany inspection of equipment required under this Part (including any equipment failure or malfunction detected by the inspection); and\n\t(b)\tthe record—\n\t(i)\tis kept for 3 years from the day on which the record was made; and\n\t(ii)\tis readily available for inspection at all reasonable times by an inspector.\n\t(2)\tFor the purposes of subregulation (1), a record may be kept in electronic form.\n29—Day‑to‑day care of pigs\n\t(1)\tA person who keeps a pig must ensure that the pig is—\n\t(a)\tprovided with adequate food containing sufficient nutrients to ensure the pig's good health and vitality; and\n\t(b)\tgiven reasonable access to water.\n\t(2)\tA person who keeps a pig must ensure that, within 24 hours after birth, the pig has received colostrum or an appropriate substitute.\n\t(3)\tA person who keeps a pig must ensure that the pig is inspected at least once a day to assess the pig's health and well‑being.\n\t(4)\tA person who keeps a pig must ensure that—\n\t(a)\treasonable steps are taken to avoid a build up of faeces and urine in the pig's housing; and\n\t(b)\tthe pig is not tethered; and\n\t(c)\tthe pig is not exposed to any dog unless—\n\t(i)\tthe dog is under the effective control of a person; and\n\t(ii)\tin the case of a dog that has a history of biting humans or animals—the dog is wearing a muzzle.\n\t(5)\tA person who keeps a pig must ensure that—\n\t(a)\teach person responsible for the care of the pig is a suitably qualified person or a person acting under the supervision of a suitably qualified person; and\n\t(b)\ta herd health program is in place in relation to the pig.\n30—Medical and surgical procedures\n\t(1)\tA person who keeps a pig must ensure that—\n\t(a)\tany significant medical or surgical procedure is carried out in relation to the pig only by a suitably qualified person or by a person acting under the direct supervision of a suitably qualified person; and\n\t(b)\tany simple medical or surgical procedure is carried out in relation to the pig only by a suitably qualified person or by a person acting under the supervision (whether or not direct supervision) of a suitably qualified person.\n\t(2)\tHowever, subregulation (1) does not apply in relation to the destruction of a pig if, due to urgent circumstances—\n\t(a)\tthe services of a suitably qualified person are not reasonably available; and\n\t(b)\tdestruction of the pig is necessary in order to prevent undue suffering by the pig.\n\t(3)\tA person who keeps a pig must ensure that a vasectomy or surgical castration is not performed on a pig over 21 days of age unless the pig is anaesthetised.\n\t(4)\tIn this regulation—\nsignificant medical or surgical procedure, in relation to a pig, means—\n\t(a)\tvasectomy or castration of the pig; or\n\t(b)\ttusk trimming of the pig; or\n\t(c)\tnose ringing of the pig; or\n\t(d)\tdestruction of the pig;\nsimple medical or surgical procedure, in relation to a pig, means—\n\t(a)\tadministration to the pig of a veterinary product (including a drug, vaccine or other substance) whether intravenously, orally, topically or by any other means; or\n\t(b)\tdiagnosis of pregnancy of the pig; or\n\t(c)\tdocking of the pig's tail; or\n\t(d)\tclipping of the pig's needle teeth; or\n\t(e)\tmeasurement of the pig's backfat; or\n\t(f)\tapplication to the pig of identification marks, tags or chips.\n\t(5)\tThis regulation is in addition to and does not derogate from the operation of—\n\t(a)\tthe Agricultural and Veterinary Products (Control of Use) Act 2002 (for example, in relation to the treatment of an animal with a veterinary product within the meaning of that Act); or\n\t(b)\tthe Livestock Act 1997 (for example, in relation to the supply or use of a vaccine); or\n\t(c)\tthe Veterinary Practice Act 2003 (for example, in relation to the provision of veterinary treatment within the meaning of that Act).\n","sortOrder":5},{"sectionNumber":"Div 3","sectionType":"division","heading":"Keeping pigs in indoor housing","content":"Division 3—Keeping pigs in indoor housing\n31—Application of Division\n\t(1)\tThis Division does not apply in relation to a pig that is generally allowed to range freely in a paddock or outdoor yard and uses an enclosure (such as an ark or hut) for shelter, feeding or drinking.\n\t(2)\tA reference in this Division to a minimum area of floor space required for housing for a pig is a reference to the total floor space that is to be available to the pig in the housing and does not, unless otherwise specified, include any area occupied by fixtures or fittings.\n32—Pigs in individual housing—minimum space and welfare requirements\n\t(1)\tThe minimum floor space requirements for pigs in individual housing set out in subregulation (2) apply to new housing, or a substantial alteration to existing housing.\n\t(2)\tA person who keeps a pig in individual housing must ensure that—\n\t(a)\tin the case of a sow kept in a stall—the floor space of the stall is not less than 0.6 metres wide and not less than 2.2 metres long; and\n\t(b)\tin the case of a sow kept in a farrowing pen—the floor space of the pen (which may include space occupied by a farrowing crate and creep area) is not less than 5.6 square metres; and\n\t(c)\tin the case of a sow kept in a farrowing crate with an adjacent creep area (whether or not within a farrowing pen)—\n\t(i)\tthe floor space of the farrowing crate and creep area, when aggregated, is not less than 3.2 square metres; and\n\t(ii)\tthe floor space of the farrowing crate (which may include space occupied by a rear anti‑crush rail, appropriately placed) is not less than 0.5 metres wide (when measured to within 0.45 metres of the floor of the crate) and not less than 2 metres long; and\n\t(d)\tin the case of a boar kept in a stall—the floor space of the stall is not less than 0.7 metres wide and not less than 2.4 metres long.\n\t(3)\tA person who keeps a pig in individual housing must ensure that—\n\t(a)\tthe pig is managed in such a way as to avoid harm to the pig (including aggressive or threatening behaviour) from a pig in a neighbouring area; and\n\t(b)\tthe pig is able to stand and lie down without being obstructed by fixtures or fittings; and\n\t(c)\tif the pig is kept in a stall—\n\t(i)\tthe pig is able to stand without simultaneously touching—\n\t(A)\topposite ends of the stall; or\n\t(B)\topposite sides of the stall; and\n\t(ii)\tthe pig is able to lie down without its snout and hindquarters simultaneously touching opposite ends of the stall; and\n\t(iii)\tthe pig's back does not touch any bars along the top face of the stall when standing or when it has its head down while feeding or drinking; and\n\t(d)\tin addition—\n\t(i)\tin the case of a sow kept in a farrowing crate—\n\t(A)\tduring and after farrowing, the sow and her piglets are provided with sufficient space to minimise the risk of the piglets being crushed, trapped or otherwise injured; and\n\t(B)\twhen lactating, the sow is able to lie and extend her limbs freely and position herself so that both sides of her udder are accessible to her piglets; and\n\t(C)\tthe sow is not confined in the farrowing crate for more than 6 weeks during any 1 reproductive cycle unless she is required to foster piglets (in which case, she may be confined 1 additional time during which period she must receive such extra nutrition and supervision as may be necessary in order to maintain good health and vitality); and\n\t(ii)\tin the case of a pregnant sow kept in a stall—that the sow is not confined in the stall for more than 6 weeks during any 1 reproductive cycle unless she is convalescing or receiving other veterinary care; and\n\t(iii)\tin the case of a boar kept in a stall—the boar is released from the stall for mating or exercise at least twice a week; and\n\t(iv)\tin the case of a boar kept in a pen in which the floor space is less than 6 square metres—the boar is released from the pen for mating or exercise at least twice a week.\n33—Pigs in group housing—minimum space and welfare requirements\n\t(1)\tA person who keeps a pig in group housing must ensure that—\n\t(a)\tfor each sow kept in the housing—the floor space of the housing is not less than 1.4 square metres;\n\t(b)\tfor each gilt weighing more than 100 kilograms kept in the housing—the floor space is not less than 1 square metre;\n\t(c)\tin any other case—the floor space of the housing is not less than the number of square metres calculated in accordance with the following formula: \n\nwhere—\nP is the average weight in kilograms of each pig kept in the housing.\n\t(2)\tA person who keeps a pig in group housing must ensure that the pig is managed in such a way as to avoid harm to the pig (including aggressive or threatening behaviour) from other pigs in the housing.\n34—Equipment in indoor housing\n\t(1)\tA person who keeps a pig in indoor housing that is ventilated by an electronically controlled ventilation system must ensure—\n\t(a)\tthat—\n\t(i)\tinspections of the ventilation system are carried out at least twice a day; or\n\t(ii)\tthe housing is fitted with an alarm system,\nfor the purpose of alerting a person responsible for the care of the pig to any failure or malfunction of the ventilation system; and\n\t(b)\tthat the housing is provided with a backup system or equipment that may be relied on to ventilate the housing in the event of such failure or malfunction in order to maintain the health and vitality of the pig.\n\t(2)\tA person who keeps a pig in indoor housing must ensure that the housing is equipped with—\n\t(a)\ta feeder and waterer for the pig that—\n\t(i)\tare kept in good working order; and\n\t(ii)\tare designed and positioned so as not to pose a risk of injury to the pig; and\n\t(b)\tbackup equipment or a system that may be relied on to provide feed or water to the pig in the event of a failure or malfunction of a regular feeder or waterer.\n\t(3)\tA person who keeps a pig in indoor housing must ensure that each feeder, waterer and ventilation system in the housing and any equipment that is essential to the proper functioning of such a feeder, waterer or ventilation system is, unless otherwise specified in this regulation, inspected at least once a day.\n\t(4)\tA person who keeps a pig in indoor housing must ensure that electrical installations of mains voltage are properly earthed and inaccessible to the pig.\n","sortOrder":6},{"sectionNumber":"Part 7","sectionType":"part","heading":"Transport of livestock","content":"Part 7—Transport of livestock\n35—Interpretation\nclass of livestock, means a group of livestock of the same species that share a common characteristic, such as age, size or sex, or some other physiological characteristic, such as pregnancy;\ncontainer includes a crate, box or cage;\nequine lameness score—see subregulation (2);\nhorse means an animal of the species Equus ferus caballus or Equus africanus asinus, or a hybrid of either of these species;\njourney includes the loading and unloading of livestock on or from a vehicle for the purposes of transportation;\njourney time—see subregulation (3);\nlivestock means alpacas, buffalo, camels, cattle, deer, emus, goats, horses, ostriches, pigs, poultry and sheep;\nlivestock handling facility includes a yard, enclosure, paddock, ramp or other facility used to hold, load or unload livestock for transportation;\nloading density in relation to the transportation of livestock, means the amount of space per animal in a container, pen or other enclosure, or vehicle in which the animal is being transported;\nmaximum time off water means the total number of continuous hours in respect of which livestock can go without reasonable access to water, as specified in Division 3;\nminimum spell duration means the minimum period of time for which a spell is required to be given for each species of livestock and each class of animal within that species, as specified in Division 3;\nreasonable access to water—see subregulation (4);\nState includes a Territory;\nspell means a period of time in which livestock are—\n\t(a)\tremoved from the vehicle or container in which they are being transported; and\n\t(b)\tprovided with reasonable access to feed and water; and\n\t(c)\tprovided with space to lie down; and\n\t(d)\tsubjected to minimal or no handling;\ntransporting, in relation to livestock—see subregulation (5).\n\t(2)\tFor the purposes of this Part, an equine lameness score means a score arrived at by reference to the grading system of the American Association of Equine Practitioners to assess the degree of lameness of a horse as follows:\n\t(a)\tlameness not perceptible under any circumstances—0;\n\t(b)\tlameness difficult to observe, not consistently apparent regardless of circumstances—1;\n\t(c)\tlameness difficult to observe at walk or trot in a straight line but consistently apparent under some circumstances (eg weight carrying, circling, inclines, hard surfaces)—2;\n\t(d)\tlameness consistently observable at a trot under all circumstances—3;\n\t(e)\tlameness obvious; marked nodding, hitching, or shortened stride—4;\n\t(f)\tlameness obvious; minimal weight bearing in motion or rest, inability to move—5.\n\t(3)\tFor the purposes of this Part, the journey time in respect of transporting livestock—\n\t(a)\tin the case of poultry, emus or ostriches being transported in containers loaded onto vehicles—means the time commencing when the loading of the poultry, emus or ostriches into the containers for transport commences and ending when all of the poultry, emus or ostriches are unloaded from the containers—\n\t(i)\tfor a spell for a period that is not less than the minimum spell duration specified for livestock of that particular class in Division 3; or\n\t(ii)\tat their final destination,\n(whichever occurs sooner);\n\t(b)\tin the case of a bobby calf—means the time commencing when the bobby calf is loaded onto the vehicle for transport and ending when the bobby calf is unloaded from the vehicle at its final destination;\n\t(c)\tin any other case—means the time commencing when the loading of the livestock onto the vehicle for transport commences and ending when all of the livestock are unloaded from the vehicle—\n\t(i)\tfor a spell for a period that is not less than the minimum spell duration specified for livestock of that particular class in Division 3; or\n\t(ii)\tat their final destination,\n(whichever occurs sooner).\n\t(4)\tFor the purposes of this Part, livestock will be taken to have reasonable access to water if the livestock has a reasonable opportunity to drink water of a suitable quality and quantity sufficient to maintain its hydration.\n\t(5)\tFor the purposes of this Part, transporting livestock includes—\n\t(a)\tassembling or holding livestock prior to loading; and\n\t(b)\tselecting livestock for transportation; and\n\t(c)\tloading livestock into containers prior to being loaded onto a vehicle; and\n\t(d)\tloading livestock onto a vehicle; and\n\t(e)\tholding livestock on a vehicle while stationary; and\n\t(f)\ttransporting the livestock on a vehicle; and\n\t(g)\tunloading livestock from a vehicle or container during, or on completion of, a journey; and\n\t(h)\tassembling or holding livestock in a livestock handling facility in transit during a journey or on completion of a journey.\n36—Application of Part\nThis Part applies to livestock—\n\t(a)\ttransported over land by road on a vehicle within this State or through the State from another State; or\n\t(b)\ttransported within this State or from another State on a sea‑going vessel if the livestock is—\n\t(i)\tcontained in a road‑going vehicle loaded onto the vessel; or\n\t(ii)\tcontained in a container that is unloaded from a road‑going vehicle onto the vessel and reloaded onto a road‑going vehicle on completion of the voyage.\n37—How to calculate length of spell and time off water\n\t(1)\tFor the purpose of calculating the length of a spell—\n\t(a)\tthe spell will be taken to commence once all livestock have been unloaded from the vehicle or container in which they are being transported; and \n\t(b)\tthe spell will be taken to end as soon as the livestock commence being reloaded onto the vehicle or into the container.\n\t(2)\tFor the purpose of calculating the maximum period of time livestock of a particular species or class of a particular species may have off water, the period off water—\n\t(a)\twill be taken to commence from the time the livestock last has reasonable access to water prior to commencing a journey; and\n\t(b)\twill be taken to cease when the livestock—\n\t(i)\tis given a spell for at least the minimum period specified in Division 3 in respect of livestock of that particular species or class of species; or\n\t(ii)\tis given reasonable access to water at their final destination; or\n\t(iii)\tis slaughtered,\n(whichever occurs soonest).\n38—Livestock must be fit for transport\n\t(1)\tA person must not supply for transport livestock that is unfit to undertake a proposed journey unless the livestock is to be transported in accordance with the advice of a veterinary surgeon.\n\t(2)\tA person must not load in a container or on a vehicle for transport livestock that is unfit to undertake a proposed journey unless the livestock is to be transported in accordance with the advice of a veterinary surgeon.\n\t(3)\tIf livestock has been assessed as unfit to undertake a proposed journey, the person with the care, control and management of the livestock must, as soon as reasonably practicable, make arrangements for the care, treatment or humane destruction of the livestock.\n\t(4)\tWithout limiting the generality of subregulations (1) and (2), livestock will be taken to be unfit to undertake a journey if—\n\t(a)\tin the case of a horse, the horse has an equine lameness score of 4 or 5; or\n\t(b)\tin the case of livestock other than a horse, the livestock is unable to walk independently by bearing weight on all legs; or\n\t(c)\tin the case of cattle, the cattle is known to be, or visually assessed to be, within 4 weeks of parturition and the estimated journey time or time off water is likely to exceed 4 hours; or\n\t(d)\tin the case of livestock other than cattle, the livestock is known to be, or visually assessed to be, within 2 weeks of parturition and the estimated journey time or time off water is likely to exceed 4 hours; or\n\t(e)\tthe livestock is severely emaciated; or\n\t(f)\tthe livestock is visibly dehydrated; or\n\t(g)\tthe livestock shows visible signs of severe injury or distress; or\n\t(h)\tthe livestock is suffering from a condition that is likely to result in an increase in pain or distress by reason of undertaking the journey; or\n\t(i)\tthe livestock is blind in both eyes.\n39—Advice of estimated time of arrival\nBefore transporting livestock, the person who has the care, control and management of the livestock must advise the person to whom the care, control and management of the livestock is to be transferred at a destination of the estimated time of arrival of the livestock.\n40—Impact of extreme weather conditions\nA person who has the care, control and management of livestock being transported must take reasonable steps to minimise the risk of harm to the livestock from extreme weather conditions while being transported.\n41—Livestock handling facilities\nA person who owns or operates a livestock handling facility must ensure that the facility—\n\t(a)\tis suitable for the type of livestock using the facility; and\n\t(b)\thas effective airflow that is appropriate for the type of livestock using the facility; and\n\t(c)\thas a surface or flooring that minimises the risk of injury to the livestock from slipping or falling; and\n\t(d)\tis free from internal protrusions and objects that may cause injury to the livestock; and\n\t(e)\thas sufficient vertical clearance to minimise the risk of injury to the livestock.\n42—Transport vehicles\n\t(1)\tThe driver of a vehicle being used to transport livestock must ensure that the vehicle—\n\t(a)\tis suitable for the type of livestock being transported; and\n\t(b)\thas effective airflow that is appropriate for the type of livestock being transported; and\n\t(c)\thas a surface or flooring that minimises the risk of injury to the livestock from slipping or falling; and\n\t(d)\tis free from internal protrusions and objects that may cause injury to the livestock; and\n\t(e)\thas sufficient vertical clearance immediately above the livestock to minimise the risk of injury to the livestock.\n\t(2)\tThe driver of a vehicle transporting livestock must ensure that the vehicle and any ramp used to load or unload the livestock are properly aligned and sufficiently close together so as to minimise the risk of injury to the livestock.\n43—Handling of livestock for transport\n\t(1)\tA person handling livestock for transport must do so in a manner that is appropriate for the species and class of livestock so as to minimise the risk of harm to the livestock.\n\t(2)\tWithout limiting the generality of subregulation (1), a person handling livestock, other than poultry, for transport—\n\t(a)\tmust not—\n\t(i)\tlift or carry the livestock by only the head, ears, horns, neck, tail, wool, hair or feathers; or\n\t(ii)\tunless the livestock is a sheep, goat or pig that weighs less than 15 kilograms—lift or carry the livestock by 1 leg; or\n\t(iii)\tunless it is necessary in the circumstances to allow safe handling, lifting, treatment or humane destruction of livestock—drag livestock that is unable to stand; and\n\t(b)\tmust ensure that livestock being lifted by mechanical means is well supported and secured.\n\t(3)\tSubject to subregulation (4), a person handling poultry for transport may only lift or carry the poultry by the head, neck, wing feathers or tail feathers if the poultry is also supported under its breast.\n\t(4)\tA person may when handling poultry for transport—\n\t(a)\tin the case of a turkey—lift and carry the bird by the tail feathers and neck together, or by 1 leg and 1 wing together; or\n\t(b)\tin the case of an adult goose, or a domestic fowl primarily kept for breeding purposes—lift and carry the bird by the base of both wings alone; or\n\t(c)\tin the case of a duck—lift and carry the bird by its neck alone or by the base of both wings alone; or\n\t(d)\tin any other case—lift and carry the bird by 1 leg.\n\t(5)\tA person must not tie the legs of an emu, ostrich or any poultry together for the purposes of transporting the birds.\n\t(6)\tA person must, when transporting emus, ostriches or any poultry in containers, ensure that the containers—\n\t(a)\tare loaded onto, or unloaded from, the vehicle carefully without being dropped or thrown; and\n\t(b)\tare placed on the vehicle in an upright position without excessive tilting; and\n\t(c)\tare attached securely to the vehicle; and\n\t(d)\tare suitable for the species or class of bird being transported.\n44—Use of dogs\n\t(1)\tA person may only use a dog to assist in the control or movement of livestock for transport if—\n\t(a)\tthe livestock is an animal of a prescribed class; and\n\t(b)\tthe dog is under effective control at all times; and\n\t(c)\tin the case of a dog that has a history of biting humans or animals—the dog is wearing a muzzle.\n\t(2)\tThe driver of a vehicle transporting an animal of a prescribed class may only permit a dog to be transported in the same enclosure as the animal if the dog has bonded with and been used as a guardian of that animal.\n\t(3)\tIn this regulation—\nanimal of a prescribed class means cattle (other than bobby calves), deer, emus, ostriches, pigs and sheep.\n45—Loading density of certain livestock during transport\n\t(1)\tThis regulation does not apply to the transport of emus, ostriches or poultry loaded in containers.\n\t(2)\tThe driver of a vehicle transporting livestock must ensure that—\n\t(a)\tthe livestock are separated by sufficient internal partitions or other barriers during transport so as to minimise the risk of harm to the livestock; and\n\t(b)\tthe loading density of the livestock in the vehicle (including each pen, container, crate or other partition of the vehicle) is such so as to minimise the risk of harm to the livestock.\n\t(3)\tFor the purposes of subregulation (2)—\n\t(a)\tthe following matters must be taken into account in determining whether the separation of livestock is sufficient:\n\t(i)\tthe species, class and size of the livestock;\n\t(ii)\tthe general health of the livestock;\n\t(iii)\tthe level of aggression of the livestock;\n\t(iv)\tthe nature of the proposed journey; and\n\t(b)\tthe following matters must be taken into account in determining whether the loading density of the livestock on a vehicle is appropriate:\n\t(i)\tthe species of livestock;\n\t(ii)\tthe class of livestock;\n\t(iii)\tthe size and body condition of the livestock;\n\t(iv)\tthe length and density of wool or hair of the livestock;\n\t(v)\tthe horn status of the livestock;\n\t(vi)\tthe weather conditions predicted for the proposed journey;\n\t(vii)\tthe nature of the proposed journey;\n\t(viii)\tthe design and capacity of the vehicle.\n46—Loading density of emus, ostriches or poultry transported in containers\n\t(1)\tA person loading emus, ostriches or poultry into a container for transport must ensure that the loading density of the birds in the container is such so as to minimise the risk of harm to the birds.\n\t(2)\tFor the purposes of subregulation (1), the following matters must be taken into account in determining whether the loading density of birds in a container is appropriate:\n\t(a)\tthe species and class of birds;\n\t(b)\tthe size, body condition and density of feathers of the birds;\n\t(c)\tthe weather conditions predicted for the proposed journey;\n\t(d)\tthe nature of the proposed journey;\n\t(e)\tthe design and capacity of the vehicle on which the containers are to be transported.\n47—Driver's duties\n\t(1)\tThe driver of a vehicle transporting livestock must—\n\t(a)\tinspect the vehicle immediately before departure following the loading of the livestock (whether at the commencement of, or during, a journey) to ensure that any containers being used to transport the livestock, and the doors enclosing the livestock, are secured; and\n\t(b)\tbefore unloading livestock from the vehicle, inspect the livestock handling facility into which the livestock are to be unloaded to ensure that there is free access and sufficient space for the livestock to be unloaded; and\n\t(c)\ttake reasonable steps to—\n\t(i)\tnotify the person to whom the care, control and management of the livestock is to be transferred at a destination of any change in the estimated time of arrival of the livestock; and\n\t(ii)\tif records were required to be kept under regulation 48, provide them with a copy of those records.\n\t(2)\tThe driver of a vehicle transporting livestock must carry out an inspection to assess the health and well‑being of the livestock—\n\t(a)\timmediately before commencing the journey; and\n\t(b)\tin respect of livestock (other than emus, ostriches or poultry loaded in containers on the vehicle, or livestock being transported on a road‑going vehicle on a sea‑going vessel)—\n\t(i)\tat least once within the first hour of the journey; and\n\t(ii)\tat least once every 3 hours of the journey thereafter; and\n\t(iii)\tbefore there is a change of driver; and\n\t(c)\tat any time the livestock are unloaded from the vehicle (whether during or on completion of the journey).\n\t(3)\tIf during the course of a journey the driver of a vehicle transporting livestock identifies an animal that is weak, ill, injured or otherwise distressed, the driver must—\n\t(a)\tas soon as is reasonably practicable, provide or seek such assistance for the animal as is reasonable in the circumstances; and\n\t(b)\ton transferring the care, control and management of the animal to another person (whether during or on completion of the journey, or otherwise)—notify that person of the identity and condition of the animal.\n\t(4)\tThe person who, on completion of the journey, has the care, control and management of an animal referred to in subregulation (3) must, as soon as is reasonably practicable, make arrangements for—\n\t(a)\tthe separation of the animal for rest and recovery; or\n\t(b)\tthe appropriate treatment of the animal; or\n\t(c)\tthe humane destruction and disposal of the animal; or\n\t(d)\tany other measure that is appropriate in the circumstances.\n48—Records\n\t(1)\tIf the journey time for transporting livestock is reasonably estimated to be 24 hours or more, the driver of the vehicle transporting the livestock must keep a record of—\n\t(a)\tthe date and time the livestock were loaded on the vehicle for the journey; and\n\t(b)\tthe date and time of when the livestock last had reasonable access to water prior to the commencement of the journey; and\n\t(c)\tthe date, time of commencement and length of any spell given to the livestock; and\n\t(d)\tthe date and time of livestock inspections undertaken by the driver; and\n\t(e)\tthe details of any concerns for the welfare of livestock identified by the driver, including the date and time the concerns were identified, and the details of any action taken; and\n\t(f)\tthe details of any person the driver should contact in the event of an emergency.\n\t(2)\tA driver must give a copy of the records required to be made under subregulation (1) to any other person to whom the driver transfers the care, control and management of the livestock during, or on completion of, the journey.\n\t(3)\tA person required to keep records under this regulation must ensure the records are readily available for inspection at all reasonable times by an inspector.\n\t(4)\tFor the purposes of this regulation, a record may be kept in electronic form.\nDivision 3—Specific requirements for transporting certain livestock\n49—Livestock to be spelled\n\t(1)\tSubject to this Division, the driver of a vehicle transporting livestock must ensure that the journey time for the livestock does not exceed the period of time specified in this Division in respect of livestock of the species or class of species being transported.\n\t(2)\tSubject to this Division, the driver of a vehicle transporting livestock must ensure that before the maximum time off water is exceeded for the livestock, the livestock is given a spell for a period of time of not less than the minimum spell duration as specified in this Division in respect of livestock of the species or class of species being transported.\n\t(3)\tHowever, if the minimum spell duration that is required for livestock under this Division exceeds 24 hours, the minimum spell duration required may be reduced to 24 hours if (and only if)—\n\t(a)\tthe maximum time off water permitted in respect of the livestock has not yet been reached; and\n\t(b)\tthe actual time for which the livestock has been off water is less than 24 hours.\n\t(4)\tIf the care, control and management of livestock being transported is transferred to a person at a destination and the person is unable to ascertain as to when the livestock last had reasonable access to water, it will be taken that the maximum time off water for the livestock has been reached and the person must, as soon as is reasonably practicable, spell the livestock for the period of time that is not less than the minimum spell duration as specified in this Division in respect of livestock of that species or class.\n50—Alpacas\n\t(1)\tSubject to this regulation, when transporting alpacas—\n\t(a)\tthe journey time for the class of alpaca listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, must not exceed the period of time specified in column 2 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(b)\tthe maximum time off water for the class of alpaca listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, is the period of time specified in column 3 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(c)\tthe minimum spell duration for the class of alpaca listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, is the period of time specified in column 4 of the table with respect to that class.\n\nClass of alpaca\nAlpacas known or visually assessed to be up to 33 weeks pregnant\nAlpacas known, or visually assessed to be between 33 and 43 weeks pregnant (inclusive)\nAlpacas known or visually assessed to be more than 43 weeks pregnant\nLactating alpacas travelling with dependent young up to 6 months of age\nAlpacas up to 6 months of age\nAlpacas between 6 and 12 months of age (inclusive)\nAny other alpaca not referred to above\n\t(2)\tThe journey time for an alpaca, other than an alpaca known or visually assessed to be more than 43 weeks pregnant, that is given reasonable access to water and feed at all times the alpaca is loaded on the vehicle in which it is being transported, may be increased to 72 hours if the alpaca is given a spell of at least 24 hours before commencing another journey.\n\t(3)\tThe driver of a vehicle being used to transport an alpaca that is—\n\t(a)\tless than 12 months of age; or\n\t(b)\tis less than 10 days off shears,\nmust ensure that the vehicle has an enclosed front or has sufficient cover to protect the alpaca from heat or cold stress or sunburn.\n\t(4)\tThe driver of a vehicle being used to transport an alpaca must ensure that the alpaca has sufficient space on the vehicle to sit down or lie on its sternum.\n51—Buffalo\n\t(1)\tWhen transporting buffalo—\n\t(a)\tthe journey time for the class of buffalo listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, must not exceed the period of time specified in column 2 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(b)\tthe maximum time off water for the class of buffalo listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, is the period of time specified in column 3 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(c)\tthe minimum spell duration for the class of buffalo listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, is the period of time specified in column 4 of the table with respect to that class.\n\nClass of buffalo\nBuffalo known or visually assessed to be between 28 and 43 weeks pregnant (inclusive)\nBuffalo known or visually assessed to be more than 43 weeks pregnant\nLactating buffalo travelling with dependent young\nBuffalo less than 6 months of age\nAny other buffalo not referred to above\n\t(2)\tIf a buffalo suffers heat stress during a journey, the person who has the care, control and management of the buffalo must (in addition to any other appropriate action) apply a water spray to cool the buffalo, as soon as is reasonably practicable.\n52—Camels\n\t(1)\tSubject to this regulation, when transporting camels—\n\t(a)\tthe journey time for the class of camel listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, must not exceed the period of time specified in column 2 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(b)\tthe maximum time off water for the class of camel listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, is the period of time specified in column 3 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(c)\tthe minimum spell duration for the class of camel listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, is the period of time specified in column 4 of the table with respect to that class.\n\nClass of camel\nCamels known or visually assessed to be between 36 and 53 weeks pregnant (inclusive)\nCamels known or visually assessed to be more than 53 weeks pregnant\nLactating camels travelling with dependent young\nCamels less than 6 months of age\nAny other camel not referred to above\n\t(2)\tThe journey time for a camel, other than a camel that is less than 6 months of age, or known or visually assessed to be more than 53 weeks pregnant, that is given reasonable access to water and feed at least once every 24 hours for the period of time the camel is loaded on the vehicle in which it is being transported, may be increased to 72 hours if the camel is given a spell of at least 24 hours before commencing another journey.\n\t(3)\tThe driver of a vehicle being used to transport a camel must ensure that—\n\t(a)\twhen standing at rest in the vehicle, the camel has not less than 100 millimetres clearance between the top of its hump and the surface immediately above the camel; and\n\t(b)\tthe camel has sufficient space on the vehicle to lie down on its sternum.\n\t(4)\tThe person who has the care, control and management of a camel in rut that is being transported must ensure that the camel is segregated from all other animals during transport.\n53—Cattle other than bobby calves\nWhen transporting cattle, other than bobby calves—\n\t(a)\tthe journey time for the class of cattle listed in column 1 of the table set out in this regulation, must not exceed the period of time specified in column 2 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(b)\tthe maximum time off water for the class of cattle listed in column 1 of the table set out in this regulation, is the period of time specified in column 3 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(c)\tthe minimum spell duration for the class of cattle listed in column 1 of the table set out in this regulation, is the period of time specified in column 4 of the table with respect to that class.\n\nClass of cattle\nCattle known, or visually assessed to be between 24 and 37 weeks pregnant (inclusive)\nCattle known or visually assessed to be more than 37 weeks pregnant\nCattle more than 30 days of age but less than 6 months of age\nLactating cattle travelling with dependent young\nAny other cattle not referred to above\n54—Bobby calves\n\t(1)\tA person must not transport a bobby calf that is less than 5 days old unless the journey time is no more than 6 hours and the calf—\n\t(a)\thas been fed a liquid feed within 6 hours before it is loaded on the vehicle for transportation; and\n\t(b)\tis being taken directly to a calf‑rearing facility; and\n\t(c)\tis provided with thick bedding on the vehicle during the journey; and\n\t(d)\thas sufficient space on the vehicle to lie down on its sternum.\n\t(2)\tThe following provisions apply to transporting a bobby calf that is between the age of 5 days and 30 days (inclusive):\n\t(a)\ta person must not supply a calf for transport unless—\n\t(i)\tit has been fed a liquid feed within 6 hours before it is loaded on the vehicle for transport; and\n\t(ii)\tits condition is such that it is alert and able to rise from a lying position; and\n\t(iii)\tthe journey time is reasonably expected to be 12 hours or less;\n\t(b)\tthe driver of the vehicle must not transport the calf unless—\n\t(i)\tit has sufficient space on the vehicle to lie down on its sternum; and\n\t(ii)\tits condition is such that it is alert and able to rise from a lying position; and\n\t(iii)\tthe journey time is reasonably expected to be 12 hours or less;\n\t(c)\tin the case of a calf being transported to an abattoir—the driver must ensure the calf is delivered to the abattoir in 12 hours or less from the time the calf was loaded on the vehicle.\n\t(3)\tA driver of a vehicle used to transport a bobby calf must take reasonable measures to ensure that the calf is protected from cold and heat during the journey.\n\t(4)\tA person must not transport a premature bobby calf (including an induced calf) unless the calf is as fit for the journey as a full‑term calf of an equivalent age.\n\t(5)\tIn this regulation—\nliquid feed means milk or milk replacer.\n55—Deer\n\t(1)\tWhen transporting deer—\n\t(a)\tthe journey time for the class of deer listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, must not exceed the period of time specified in column 2 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(b)\tthe maximum time off water for the class of deer listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, is the period of time specified in column 3 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(c)\tthe minimum spell duration for the class of deer listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, is the period of time specified in column 4 of the table with respect to that class.\n\nClass of deer\nDeer known or visually assessed to be between 20 and 30 weeks pregnant (inclusive)\nDeer known or visually assessed to be more than 30 weeks pregnant\nLactating deer travelling with dependent young\nWeaned deer less than 6 months of age\nAny other deer not referred to above\n\t(2)\tThe driver of a vehicle being used to transport deer must not transport a deer—\n\t(a)\tless than 7 days after the deer has undergone velvet antler removal; or\n\t(b)\tthat has antlers in velvet that are 4 centimetres or more in length; or\n\t(c)\tthat has hard antlers that are 4 centimetres or more in length unless it is segregated from other deer and there is sufficient clearance between the antlers and the surfaces of the vehicle so as to minimise the risk of injury to the deer and its antlers.\n56—Emus and ostriches\n\t(1)\tSubject to this regulation, when transporting emus or ostriches—\n\t(a)\tthe journey time for the class of emu or ostrich listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, must not exceed the period of time specified in column 2 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(b)\tthe maximum time off water for the class of emu or ostrich listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, is the period of time specified in column 3 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(c)\tthe minimum spell duration for the class of emu or ostrich listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, is the period of time specified in column 4 of the table with respect to that class.\n\nClass of emu or ostrich\nEmus or ostriches aged 5 days or more but less than 90 days\nEmus or ostriches aged more than 90 days\n\t(2)\tThe owner of an emu or ostrich aged 5 days or more must ensure that, within the period of 24 hours before commencing a journey, the bird is provided with adequate food containing sufficient nutrients to ensure the bird's good health and vitality.\n\t(3)\tThe driver of a vehicle being used to transport an emu or ostrich must ensure that any bird that is aged 5 days or more but less than 90 days is given reasonable access to feed at least once every 12 hours during the journey.\n\t(4)\tThe driver of a vehicle being used to transport an emu or ostrich in a container must ensure that any bird that is aged 5 days or more but less than 90 days is given reasonable access to water and feed at least once every 12 hours, and provided with shelter, during the journey.\n\t(5)\tThe driver of a vehicle transporting an emu or ostrich that is less than 5 days old must take reasonable measures to minimise the risk of harm to the bird during the journey from chilling or overheating.\n\t(6)\tThe owner of an emu or ostrich that is less than 5 days old must ensure that once the bird is removed from an incubator to be transported, the bird is returned for a period of at least 24 hours to a suitable brooding environment that provides the bird with adequate feed, water and warmth—\n\t(a)\tin the case of a bird transported in a container in which the bird does not have ready access to hydrating material—within 60 hours; or\n\t(b)\tin any other case—within 72 hours.\n57—Goats\nWhen transporting goats—\n\t(a)\tthe journey time for the class of goat listed in column 1 of the table set out in this regulation, must not exceed the period of time specified in column 2 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(b)\tthe maximum time off water for the class of goat listed in column 1 of the table set out in this regulation, is the period of time specified in column 3 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(c)\tthe minimum spell duration for the class of goat listed in column 1 of the table set out in this regulation, is the period of time specified in column 4 of the table with respect to that class.\n\nClass of goat\nGoats known or visually assessed to be between 14 and 19 weeks pregnant (inclusive)\nGoats known or visually assessed to be more than 19 weeks pregnant\nLactating goats travelling with dependent young\nGoats less than 6 months of age\nAny other goat not referred to above\n58—Horses\n\t(1)\tSubject to this regulation, when transporting horses—\n\t(a)\tthe journey time for the class of horse listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, must not exceed the period of time specified in column 2 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(b)\tthe maximum time off water for the class of horse listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, is the period of time specified in column 3 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(c)\tthe minimum spell duration for the class of horse listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, is the period of time specified in column 4 of the table with respect to that class.\n\nClass of horse\nHorses known or visually assessed to be between 30 and 43 weeks pregnant (inclusive)\nHorses known or visually assessed to be more than 43 weeks pregnant\nLactating horses travelling with dependent young\nHorses less than 6 months of age\nAny other horse not referred to above\n\t(2)\tThe journey time for a horse, other than a horse that is known or visually assessed to be more than 43 weeks pregnant, that—\n\t(a)\tis given reasonable access to water and feed at least once every 5 hours for the period of time the horse is loaded on the vehicle in which it is being transported; and\n\t(b)\tis being transported in a vehicle that—\n\t(i)\tprotects the horse from the natural elements; and\n\t(ii)\thas sufficient space for it to stand at rest with its head raised; and\n\t(iii)\thas sufficient drainage to remove urine,\nmay be increased to 36 hours if the horse is given a spell of at least 24 hours before commencing another journey.\n\t(3)\tThe driver of a vehicle transporting a lactating horse with a dependent foal less than 6 months of age must, if the estimated journey time is likely to exceed 5 hours, provide sufficient space on the vehicle for the foal to suckle from its mother and to lie down.\n\t(4)\tThe driver of a vehicle transporting a horse must ensure—\n\t(a)\tin the case of a vehicle with separate stalls or other partitions—that each stall or partition is accessible so as to allow feeding, watering and visual inspection of the horse; and\n\t(b)\tin the case of a vehicle that is fully enclosed with a controlled environment—that there is sufficient airflow, with at least 12 air changes every hour; and\n\t(c)\twhen standing at rest—that the horse has not less than 100 millimetres clearance between the top of its withers and the surface of the vehicle immediately above the horse; and\n\t(d)\tin the case of a stallion unused to being handled—that the horse is segregated from other horses on the vehicle.\n59—Pigs\n\t(1)\tSubject to this regulation, when transporting pigs—\n\t(a)\tthe journey time for the class of pig listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, must not exceed the period of time specified in column 2 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(b)\tthe maximum time off water for the class of pig listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, is the period of time specified in column 3 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(c)\tthe minimum spell duration for the class of pig listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, is the period of time specified in column 4 of the table with respect to that class.\n\nClass of pig\nPigs known or visually assessed to be more than 14 weeks pregnant\nLactating pigs travelling with dependent young\nWeaned pigs that weigh less than 30 kilograms\nAny other pig not referred to above\n\t(2)\tThe journey time for a pig of a class specified in the last entry of the table in subregulation (1) that—\n\t(a)\tis given reasonable access to water and feed at least once every 24 hours for the period of time the pig is loaded on the vehicle in which it is being transported; and\n\t(b)\thas sufficient space on the vehicle to lie down,\nmay be increased to 72 hours if the pig is given a spell of at least 24 hours before commencing another journey.\n60—Poultry\n\t(1)\tSubject to this regulation, when transporting poultry—\n\t(a)\tthe journey time for the class of poultry listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, must not exceed the period of time specified in column 2 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(b)\tthe maximum time off water for the class of poultry listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, is the period of time specified in column 3 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(c)\tthe minimum spell duration for the class of poultry listed in column 1 of the table set out in this subregulation, is the period of time specified in column 4 of the table with respect to that class.\n\nClass of poultry\nPoultry aged 5 days or more (other than a spent hen)\nSpent hens\n\t(2)\tThe owner of poultry aged 5 days or more must ensure that, within the period of 12 hours before commencing a journey, the bird is provided with adequate food containing sufficient nutrients to ensure the bird's good health and vitality.\n\t(3)\tSubregulation (2) does not apply to a spent hen or a domestic fowl kept primarily for the purpose of breeding fowls for meat production.\n\t(4)\tIf a bird aged 5 days or more, other than a spent hen, is to be transported in a container loaded on a vehicle, the journey time for the bird may be increased to 72 hours if the bird—\n\t(a)\tis provided with shelter at all times; and\n\t(b)\tis given reasonable access to water and feed at least once in every 24 hour period.\n\t(5)\tThe driver of a vehicle transporting poultry that is less than 5 days old must take reasonable measures to minimise the risk of harm to the bird during the journey from chilling or overheating.\n\t(6)\tThe owner of poultry that is less than 5 days old must ensure that once the bird is removed from an incubator to be transported, the bird is returned for a period of at least 24 hours to a suitable brooding environment that provides the bird with adequate feed, water and warmth—\n\t(a)\tin the case of a bird transported in a container in which the bird does not have ready access to hydrating material—within 60 hours; or\n\t(b)\tin any other case—within 72 hours.\n\t(7)\tIn this regulation—\nspent hen means a domestic fowl kept primarily for the purpose of egg production or breeding fowls for meat or egg production, that has reached the end of its commercially viable lifespan.\n61—Sheep\nWhen transporting sheep—\n\t(a)\tthe journey time for the class of sheep listed in column 1 of the table set out in this regulation, must not exceed the period of time specified in column 2 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(b)\tthe maximum time off water for the class of sheep listed in column 1 of the table set out in this regulation, is the period of time specified in column 3 of the table with respect to that class; and\n\t(c)\tthe minimum spell duration for the class of sheep listed in column 1 of the table set out in this regulation, is the period of time specified in column 4 of the table with respect to that class.\n\nClass of sheep\nSheep known or visually assessed to be between 14 and 19 weeks pregnant (inclusive)\nSheep known or visually assessed to be more than 19 weeks pregnant\nLactating sheep travelling with dependent young\nSheep less than 4 months of age\nAny other sheep not referred to above\n","sortOrder":7},{"sectionNumber":"Part 8","sectionType":"part","heading":"Cattle","content":"Part 8—Cattle\n62—Interpretation\ncalf rearing system means the intensive raising of calves for the purposes of production whereby the calves are kept in an enclosure (whether indoors or outdoors) containing feeding and watering facilities by which the calves are completely hand or mechanically fed and watered;\ncattle feedlot means a confined yard or other enclosure (whether indoors or outdoors) with feeding and watering facilities in which cattle are completely hand or mechanically fed and watered for the primary purpose of beef production, but does not include—\n\t(a)\tthe keeping of cattle in such manner on a short term basis—\n\t(i)\tfor the purpose of weaning, dipping or other husbandry procedure; or\n\t(ii)\tfor the purposes of drought or other emergency feeding; or\n\t(iii)\tat a sale yard or abattoir; or\n\t(b)\tthe keeping of calves in a calf rearing system;\ncattle health management plan—see regulation 72(6);\ndairy cow or dairy cattle means a cow or cattle kept in the course of the business of a dairy;\ndehorning, in relation to cattle, means removing any sensitive part of the horn of an animal (but does not include a procedure whereby only the insensitive part of the horn is removed);\ndisbudding, in relation to cattle, means preventing the development of an animal's horns by destroying or removing the horn producing tissue of the animal before it attaches to its skull;\nfeed pad means a dedicated yard or enclosure in which supplementary food is provided to cattle.\n\t(2)\tThis Part is in addition to and does not derogate from the operation of—\n\t(a)\tthe Agricultural and Veterinary Products (Control of Use) Act 2002; or\n\t(b)\tthe Livestock Act 1997; or\n\t(c)\tthe Veterinary Practice Act 2003.\n63—General requirements\n\t(1)\tA person who has the care, control and management of cattle must take reasonable steps to minimise the risk of harm to the cattle from extreme weather conditions, disease and injury.\n\t(2)\tA person who has the care, control and management of dairy cattle must ensure that, within 12 hours after birth, a calf has received colostrum or a colostrum substitute.\n\t(3)\tA person who has the care, control and management of cattle must ensure that the cattle are inspected to assess the health and well-being of the cattle, at such intervals and in such manner as is reasonable in the circumstances, having regard to the following:\n\t(a)\tthe stocking density of the cattle;\n\t(b)\tthe availability of suitable feed;\n\t(c)\tthe reliability of water supply;\n\t(d)\tthe age of the cattle;\n\t(e)\tthe pregnancy status of the cattle;\n\t(f)\tthe climatic conditions;\n\t(g)\tany other factors that are relevant in the circumstances.\n\t(4)\tA person who has the care, control and management of cattle must ensure that an animal identified as being sick, diseased or injured is, as soon as is reasonably practicable—\n\t(a)\tprovided with such medical treatment or other assistance as is reasonable and necessary in the circumstances; or\n\t(b)\thumanely destroyed.\n\t(5)\tA person driving cattle must ensure that the cattle are given sufficient rest to ensure the cattle do not collapse from exhaustion.\n\t(6)\tA person who has the care, control and management of cattle must, if an animal is tethered, ensure that the animal is given adequate and appropriate exercise every day.\n\t(7)\tSubregulation (6) does not apply to cattle that are tethered for the purposes of public display at an agricultural show, field day or other similar event.\n64—Facilities and equipment\nA person who owns cattle must ensure that any buildings, yards, enclosures, paddocks, ramps and other facilities and equipment used in the handling and keeping of the cattle are suitable for the purpose, appropriately maintained and operated or used in such a manner so as to minimise the risk of injury to the cattle.\n65—Use of dogs\nA person may only use a dog to assist in the control, handling or movement of cattle if—\n\t(a)\tthe dog is under effective control at all times; and\n\t(b)\tin the case of the control, handling or movement of a bobby calf—the dog is wearing a muzzle.\n66—Identification of cattle\nA person must not identify cattle by means of placing a permanent hot iron or freeze brand on the head of an animal.\n67—Castration and spaying\n\t(1)\tSubject to subregulation (2), a person who has the care, control and management of cattle must ensure that castration is not carried out on an animal that is 6 months of age or older unless the animal is given a suitable analgesic or is anaesthetised.\n\t(2)\tIf the first yarding of an animal does not occur before the animal is 6 months of age, castration may be carried out on that animal without it being given a suitable analgesic or anaesthetic despite the fact that it is 6 months of age or older provided that—\n\t(a)\tcastration is carried out at the first yarding of the animal; and\n\t(b)\tthe animal is less than 12 months of age.\n\t(3)\tA person must not spay a cow using the flank approach unless the person is a veterinary surgeon.\n68—Dehorning and disbudding of cattle\n\t(1)\tSubject to subregulation (2), a person who has the care, control and management of cattle must ensure that dehorning is not carried out on an animal 6 months of age or older unless the animal is given a suitable analgesic or is anaesthetised.\n\t(2)\tIf the first yarding of an animal does not occur before the animal is 6 months of age, dehorning may be carried out on that animal without it being given a suitable analgesic or anaesthetic despite the fact that it is 6 months of age or older provided that—\n\t(a)\tdehorning is carried out at the first yarding of the animal; and\n\t(b)\tthe animal is less than 12 months of age.\n\t(3)\tA person who has the care, control and management of cattle must ensure that disbudding is not carried out on cattle by the use of caustic chemicals unless—\n\t(a)\tthe animal is a calf that is less than 14 days of age; and\n\t(b)\tthe skin on the head of the calf is dry immediately before the commencement of the procedure and the skin is kept dry for at least 12 hours immediately after the procedure; and\n\t(c)\tthe calf is segregated from its mother for at least 4 hours immediately after the procedure.\n69—Breeding management\n\t(1)\tA person must not carry out laparoscopic insemination or the surgical transfer of an embryo on cattle unless the person is a veterinary surgeon or is acting under the direct supervision of a veterinary surgeon.\n\t(2)\tA person who has the care, control and management of cattle must ensure that induction of calving is carried out only under the direction of a veterinary surgeon.\n70—Calf rearing systems\nA person who has the care, control and management of a calf in a calf rearing system must ensure—\n\t(a)\tthat the calf is provided with adequate food containing sufficient nutrients to prevent anaemia in the calf and to otherwise ensure the calf's good health and vitality; and\n\t(b)\tthat the calf is given sufficient access to water each day to ensure the calf's good health and vitality; and\n\t(c)\tthat the calf is inspected at least once a day to assess the calf's health and well-being; and\n\t(d)\tin the case of a calf housed in a pen—that the calf has sufficient room to be able to stand with fully extended legs, turn around and lie down on its sternum.\n71—Dairy management\nA person who has the care, control and management of a lactating dairy cow must ensure—\n\t(a)\tthat the cow is inspected at least once a day to assess the cow's health and well-being; and\n\t(b)\tthat appropriate measures are taken to minimise the risk of harm to the cow from heat stress.\n72—Cattle feedlots\n\t(1)\tA person who has the care, control and management of cattle kept in a cattle feedlot must ensure—\n\t(a)\tthat there is a minimum area of 9 square metres per standard cattle unit for cattle held in the enclosure; and\n\t(b)\tthat the cattle are inspected at least once a day to assess the health and well-being of the cattle; and\n\t(c)\tthat the cattle are provided with adequate feed each day containing sufficient nutrients to ensure the good health and vitality of the cattle; and\n\t(d)\tthat the cattle are given sufficient access to water each day to ensure the good health and vitality of the cattle; and\n\t(e)\tthat the feedlot has ready access to backup equipment or a system that may be relied on to provide feed or water to the cattle in the event of a failure or malfunction of the regular feeding and watering system.\n\t(2)\tFor the purposes of subregulation (1), 1 standard cattle unit is equivalent to an animal with a live body weight of 600 kilograms.\n\t(3)\tA person who has the care, control and management of cattle kept in a cattle feedlot must ensure—\n\t(a)\tthat there is a cattle health management plan for the feedlot in respect of the cattle; and\n\t(b)\tthat the plan is implemented when necessary in the circumstances to ensure the health and vitality of the cattle.\n\t(4)\tA person who has the care, control and management of cattle kept in a cattle feedlot must ensure that the feedlot is cleaned and maintained to ensure that the yards or other enclosures can drain freely.\n\t(5)\tA person who has the care, control and management of cattle kept in a cattle feedlot must ensure that while calving, a cow and any calf produced are housed separately to other cattle in the feedlot.\n\t(6)\tFor the purposes of this regulation—\ncattle health management plan for a feedlot means a plan that—\n\t(a)\tcontains an annual assessment of the potential heat load risk to the health and well-being of the cattle kept in the feedlot and specifies measures and action to be taken to prevent or minimise that risk; and\n\t(b)\tspecifies measures and action to be taken in the event of an excessive heat load emergency (an Excessive Heat Load Action Plan); and\n\t(c)\tidentifies potential health and biosecurity risks to the cattle and specifies action to prevent or minimise that risk; and\n\t(d)\tspecifies measures and action to be taken in the event of a biosecurity emergency; and\n\t(e)\tcontains any other requirements specified by the Minister.\n","sortOrder":8},{"sectionNumber":"Part 9","sectionType":"part","heading":"Sheep","content":"Part 9—Sheep\n73—Interpretation\nintensive sheep production system means the intensive management of sheep for the purposes of production whereby the sheep are kept in a yard or other enclosure (whether indoors or outdoors) containing feeding and watering facilities by which the sheep are completely hand or mechanically fed and watered, but does not include the keeping of sheep in such manner on a short term basis—\n\t(a)\tfor the purpose of weaning, dipping or other husbandry procedure; or\n\t(b)\tfor the purposes of drought or other emergency feeding; or\n\t(c)\tat a sale yard or abattoir;\npizzle dropping means the alteration of the anatomy of the prepuce of a sheep by incising the surrounding skin.\n\t(2)\tThis Part is in addition to and does not derogate from the operation of—\n\t(a)\tthe Agricultural and Veterinary Products (Control of Use) Act 2002; or\n\t(b)\tthe Livestock Act 1997; or\n\t(c)\tthe Veterinary Practice Act 2003.\n74—General requirements\n\t(1)\tA person who has the care, control and management of a sheep must take reasonable steps to minimise the risk of harm to the sheep from extreme weather conditions, disease and injury.\n\t(2)\tA person who has the care, control and management of a sheep must ensure that the sheep is inspected to assess its health and well‑being, at such intervals and in such manner as is reasonable in the circumstances, having regard to the following:\n\t(a)\tthe stocking density of the sheep;\n\t(b)\tthe availability of suitable feed;\n\t(c)\tthe reliability of water supply;\n\t(d)\tthe age of the sheep;\n\t(e)\tthe pregnancy status of the sheep;\n\t(f)\tthe climatic conditions;\n\t(g)\tany other factors that are relevant in the circumstances.\n\t(3)\tA person who has the care, control and management of a sheep (other than a sheep that is self-shedding) must take reasonable steps to ensure that the sheep is sheared at least once every 2 years.\n\t(4)\tA person who has the care, control and management of a sheep must, if the sheep is tethered, ensure that it is given reasonable opportunity to exercise at least once every day.\n\t(5)\tA person must not—\n\t(a)\ttrim or grind the teeth of a sheep; or\n\t(b)\tcarry out pizzle dropping on a sheep.\n75—Facilities and equipment\nA person who owns a sheep must ensure that any buildings, yards, enclosures, paddocks, ramps and other facilities and equipment used in the handling and keeping of the sheep are suitable for the purpose, appropriately maintained and operated or used in such a manner, so as to minimise the risk of injury to the sheep.\n76—Use of dogs\nA person may only use a dog to assist in the control, handling or movement of a sheep if—\n\t(a)\tthe dog is under effective control at all times; and\n\t(b)\tin the case of a dog that has a history of biting humans or animals—the dog is wearing a muzzle.\n77—Tail docking\n\t(1)\tA person who has the care, control and management of a sheep that is 6 months of age or older must ensure that tail docking is not carried out on the sheep unless—\n\t(a)\tit is given a suitable analgesic or is anaesthetised; and\n\t(b)\tit is provided with appropriate treatment to control haemorrhaging following the procedure.\n\t(2)\tA person who docks the tail of a sheep must leave a tail stump with at least 1 palpable free joint.\n78—Castration\n\t(1)\tA person who has the care, control and management of a sheep that is 6 months of age or older must ensure that castration is not carried out on the sheep unless—\n\t(a)\tit is given a suitable analgesic or is anaesthetised; and\n\t(b)\tit is provided with appropriate treatment to control haemorrhaging following the procedure.\n\t(2)\tIn this regulation—\ncastration includes causing infertility by use of the cryptorchid method.\n79—Mulesing\n\t(1)\tA person must not carry out the Mules operation on a sheep that is less than 24 hours old or more than 12 months of age.\n\t(2)\tA person carrying out the Mules operation on a sheep must not remove any skin from the sheep unless it is wool-bearing skin.\n\t(3)\tA person who has the care, control and management of a sheep must ensure that the Mules operation is not carried out on the sheep unless—\n\t(a)\tit has good body condition; and\n\t(b)\tif the sheep is over 6 months of age—it is given a suitable analgesic or is anaesthetised.\n80—Artificial breeding procedures\nA person must not carry out laparoscopic insemination or the surgical transfer of an embryo on a sheep unless the person is a veterinary surgeon or is acting under the supervision of a veterinary surgeon.\n81—Intensive sheep production systems\nA person who has the care, control and management of sheep kept in an intensive sheep production system must ensure—\n\t(a)\tthat the sheep are inspected at least once a day to assess the health and well-being of the sheep; and\n\t(b)\tthat the sheep are provided with adequate feed each day containing sufficient nutrients to ensure the good health and vitality of the sheep; and\n\t(c)\tthat the sheep are given sufficient access to water each day to ensure the good health and vitality of the sheep; and\n\t(d)\tin the case of sheep kept in indoor housing—that there is adequate ventilation to ensure the health and well-being of the sheep; and\n\t(e)\tthat all the sheep kept in a yard or other enclosure have sufficient space to lie down on their sternums; and\n\t(f)\tthat no sheep is kept in a single pen on a permanent basis.\n","sortOrder":9},{"sectionNumber":"Sch 2","sectionType":"schedule","heading":"Codes of practice","content":"Schedule 2—Codes of practice\n\nPerson who must ensure compliance with Code of Practice\nCode of Practice\nA person who breeds or trades companion animals\nSouth Australian Standards and Guidelines for Breeding and Trading Companion Animals, Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources (2017), as in force on 1 August 2017\nA person who handles, destroys or domesticates feral livestock\nModel Code of Practice for the Welfare of Animals, The Destruction or Capture, Handling and Marketing of Feral Livestock Animals, Australian Agricultural Council (1991), as in force on 20 May 2009\nA person who has the care, control or management of animals at a saleyard\nModel Code of Practice for the Welfare of Animals, Animals at Saleyards, Australian Agricultural Council (1991), as in force on 20 May 2009\nA person who has the care, control or management of animals at a slaughtering facility\nModel Code of Practice for the Welfare of Animals, Livestock and Poultry at Slaughtering Establishments (Abattoirs, Slaughterhouses and Knackeries), Australian Agricultural Council (1986), as in force on 20 May 2009\nA person who has the care, control or management of animals for the purposes of a circus\nSouth Australian Code of Practice for the Welfare of Animals in Circuses, Office of Animal Welfare, Department for Environment, Heritage and Aboriginal Affairs (1997), as in force from time to time\nA person who has the care, control or management of animals preparatory to or during transport by air\nModel Code of Practice for the Welfare of Animals, Air Transport of Livestock, Australian Agricultural Council (1986), as in force on 20 May 2009\nA person who has the care, control or management of animals preparatory to or during transport by sea\nModel Code of Practice for the Welfare of Animals, Sea Transport of Livestock, Australian Agricultural Council (1987), as in force on 20 May 2009\nA person who has the care, control or management of camels\nModel Code of Practice for the Welfare of Animals, The Camel, Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand (1997), as in force on 20 May 2009\nA person who has the care, control or management of captive birds (excluding waterfowl, pigeons used for racing, pheasants or poultry used for the commercial production of meat or eggs)\nSouth Australian Code of Practice for the Husbandry of Captive Birds, Office of Animal Welfare, Department of Environment, Heritage and Aboriginal Affairs (1999), as in force from time to time\nA person who has the care, control or management of farmed deer\nModel Code of Practice for the Welfare of Animals, The Farming of Deer, Australian Agricultural Council (1991), as in force on 20 May 2009\nA person who has the care, control or management of farmed rabbits\nModel Code of Practice for the Welfare of Animals, Intensive Husbandry of Rabbits, Australian Agricultural Council (1991), as in force on 20 May 2009\nA person who has the care, control or management of goats\nModel Code of Practice for the Welfare of Animals, The Goat, Australian Agricultural Council (1991), as in force on 20 May 2009\nA person who has the care, control or management of farmed buffalo\nModel Code of Practice for the Welfare of Animals, Farmed Buffalo, Agriculture and Resource Management Standing Committee (1995), as in force on 20 May 2009\nA person who has the care, control or management of farmed emus\nModel Code of Practice for the Welfare of Animals, Husbandry of Captive Bred Emus, Agriculture and Resource Management Standing Committee (1999), as in force on 20 May 2009\nA person who has the care, control or management of farmed ostriches\nModel Code of Practice for the Welfare of Animals, Farming of Ostriches, Primary Industries Standing Committee (2003), as in force on 20 May 2009\n","sortOrder":10},{"sectionNumber":"Sch 3","sectionType":"schedule","heading":"Transitional provisions","content":"Schedule 3—Transitional provisions\n2—Transitional provisions\n\t(1)\tA course of training approved by the Minister for the purposes of regulation 5(1)(c) of the revoked regulations immediately before the commencement of this clause will be taken to be a course of training approved by the Minister for the purposes of regulation 4(1)(c) of these regulations.\n\t(2)\tA device approved by the Minister as an authorised electroimmobiliser under regulation 7(4)(a) of the revoked regulations immediately before the commencement of this clause will be taken to be a device approved as an authorised electroimmobiliser under regulation 7(4)(a) of these regulations.\n\t(3)\tA person approved by the Minister under regulation 7(4)(b) of the revoked regulations for the purposes of that regulation immediately before the commencement of this clause will be taken to be a person approved under regulation 7(4)(b) for the purposes of regulation 7 of these regulations.\n\t(4)\tA course of training approved by the Minister for the purposes of regulation 7(4)(b) of the revoked regulations immediately before the commencement of this clause will be taken to be a course of training approved by the Minister for the purposes of regulation 7(4)(b) of these regulations.\n\t(5)\tA person who is the holder of a certificate issued under regulation 7(4)(b) of the revoked regulations immediately before the commencement of this clause will be taken to be the holder of a certificate issued under regulation 7(4)(b) of these regulations.\n\t(6)\tAn application for a permit to conduct a rodeo under regulation 13E of the revoked regulations made but not determined immediately before the commencement of this clause will be taken to be an application for a permit to conduct a rodeo made under regulation 16 of these regulations.\n\t(7)\tAn application for a licence under regulation 15 of the revoked regulations made but not determined immediately before the commencement of this clause will be taken to be an application for a licence made under regulation 12 of these regulations.\n\t(8)\tA herd health program approved by the Minister for the purposes of Part 5 of the revoked regulations immediately before the commencement of this clause will be taken to be an approved herd health program for the purposes of Part 6 of these regulations.\n\t(9)\tA tertiary qualification approved by the Minister for the purposes of regulation 21(2)(b) of the revoked regulations immediately before the commencement of this clause will be taken to be an approved tertiary qualification for the purposes of regulation 25(2)(b) of these regulations.\n\t(10)\tAn exemption granted by the Minister under regulation 23 of the revoked regulations and in force immediately before the commencement of this clause will continue for the balance of the period for which that exemption was granted.\n\t(11)\tIn this clause—\nrevoked regulations means the Animal Welfare Regulations 2000.\nLegislative history\nNotes\n\t•\tPlease note—References in the legislation to other legislation or instruments or to titles of bodies or offices are not automatically updated as part of the program for the revision and publication of legislation and therefore may be obsolete.\n\t•\tEarlier versions of these regulations (historical versions) are listed at the end of the legislative history.\n\t•\tFor further information relating to the Act and subordinate legislation made under the Act see the Index of South Australian Statutes or www.legislation.sa.gov.au.\nLegislation revoked by principal regulations\nThe Animal Welfare Regulations 2012 revoked the following:\nAnimal Welfare Regulations 2000\nPrincipal regulations and variations\nNew entries appear in bold.\nYear\nNo\nReference\nCommencement\nGazette 16.8.2012 p3589\n16.8.2012 except r 32(3)(d)(ii)—20.4.2017: r 2\nGazette 20.8.2015 p3892\n20.12.2015: r 2\nGazette 8.10.2015 p4567\n8.10.2015: r 2\nGazette 23.6.2016 p2237\n1.7.2016: r 2\nGazette 15.12.2016 p4993\n15.4.2017: r 2\nGazette 2.2.2017 p254\n1.8.2017: r 2\nGazette 28.3.2017 p963\n15.4.2017 immediately after 282/2016: r 2\nGazette 8.8.2017 p3145\n8.12.2017: r 2\nGazette 4.6.2020 p3062\n1.7.2020: r 2\nGazette 5.12.2024 p4551\n5.12.2024: r 2\nGazette 18.12.2025 p4976\n18.12.2025: r 2\nProvisions varied\nNew entries appear in bold.\nEntries that relate to provisions that have been deleted appear in italics.\nProvision\nHow varied\nCommencement\nPt 1\n\nr 2\nomitted under Legislation Revision and Publication Act 2002\nr 3\n\nr 3(1)\n\nanimal ethics committee\ndeleted by 213/2015 r 4\nPt 2\n\nr 7\n\nr 7(1)\nvaried by 282/2016 r 4(1), (2)\nr 7(6)\n\nelectroimmobiliser\n deleted by 282/2016 r 4(3)\nr 8\n\nr 8(1)\nvaried by 215/2017 r 4\n\namended by 149/2025 r 3\nr 8A\ninserted by 149/2025 r 4\nr 9\n\nr 9(1)\nvaried by 198/2015 r 4(1)\nr 9(2)\nvaried by 198/2015 r 4(2)\nr 9(2a)\ninserted by 198/2015 r 4(3)\n\namended by 112/2024 r 3\n5.12.2024\nr 9(3)\nvaried by 198/2015 r 4(4)\nr 11A\ninserted by 198/2015 r 5\nPt 3\n\nr 12\nsubstituted by 213/2015 r 5\nr 12A\ninserted by 213/2015 r 5\nr 13\nsubstituted by 213/2015 r 5\nr 13(1)\nvaried by 215/2017 r 5(1)—(3)\nr 13(1a)\ninserted by 215/2017 r 5(4)\nr 13(2)\nvaried by 215/2017 r 5(5)\nr 13(3)\nvaried by 215/2017 r 5(6)\nr 13(4)\ninserted by 215/2017 r 5(7)\nPt 5\n\nr 23\n\nr 23(5) and (6)\nexpired: r 23(6)—omitted under Legislation Revision and Publication Act 2002\n(31.12.2014)\nPt 8\ninserted by 282/2016 r 5\nr 68\nsubstituted by 23/2017 r 4\nPt 9\ninserted by 282/2016 r 5\nSch 1\nsubstituted by 93/2016 r 4\n1.7.2016\n\ndeleted by 192/2020 r 4\n1.7.2020\nSch 2\nvaried by 282/2016 r 6(1), (2)\n\nvaried by 7/2017 r 4\n1.8.2017\nSch 3\n\ncl 1\nomitted under Legislation Revision and Publication Act 2002\nHistorical versions\n\n1.7.2016\n\n15.4.2017 (electronic only)\n\n20.4.2017\n\n1.8.2017\n\n1.7.2020\n\n5.12.2024\n\n","sortOrder":11}],"analysis":{"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":8,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"Yes. The 2012 regulations (and subsequent variations) meaningfully expanded and made prescriptive the State's animal welfare regulatory scope beyond a general anti‑cruelty framework. Notable scope growth includes: insertion of highly prescriptive, species‑by‑species transport rules (Part 7, regs 49–61) and minimum housing/handling standards for pigs (Part 6) and domestic fowl (Part 5); the later addition of dedicated Parts for cattle and sheep (Parts 8–9, inserted 2016) with detailed rules on feedlots, castration/dehorning analgesia and procedures; and a modern regulatory approval regime for virtual fencing (reg 8A, inserted 2025) creating device‑approval, training and reporting obligations. Those additions move the instrument from broad welfare principles toward detailed, operational regulation of husbandry, transport logistics and technology deployment, increasing administrative, compliance and market‑entry effects compared with earlier, more general regulations (see amendments listed in the legislative history and specific insertions: regs 49–61, Parts 8–9, reg 8A)."},"complexity_factors":["Extensive length and structure spanning 9 Parts plus Schedules with many species‑specific rules","Large interpretation/definitions section listing many species and technical terms (reg 3)","Multiple species/class tables with conditional journey time, maximum time off water and minimum spell durations across regs 50–61","Numerous ministerial discretions and approval regimes (electroimmobilisers reg 7; virtual fencing reg 8A; exemptions reg 27; herd health/feedlot plans reg 72)","Cross‑references to other Acts and to codes of practice (reg 5 and multiple 'does not derogate' clauses)","Many conditional exceptions and nested qualifications (eg age‑based anaesthesia limits across Parts 6–9; exceptions for first yarding rules reg 67(2), 68(2))","Record‑keeping and reporting requirements in multiple places with different retention/inspection rules (regs 28, 48, 13)","Mixed offence architecture: criminal penalties, expiation (infringement) fees and administrative approvals with varying penalty amounts","Recent incremental amendments adding new mechanisms (virtual fencing 8A inserted 2025) creating transitional and grandfathering rules (Schedule 3)"],"plain_english_summary":"**What these regulations do (mechanically)\n\n- Set out detailed animal-welfare rules under the Animal Welfare Act 1985 for a wide range of animals and activities. Key areas covered include: inspector training and powers (reg 4); mandatory compliance with listed codes of practice (reg 5 & Schedule 2); criminal offences and fines for ill‑treatment and misuse of certain devices (Part 2); licensing and reporting for research and teaching involving animals (Part 3); permit, equipment and animal‑care rules for rodeos (Part 4); minimum care and housing rules for domestic fowl and pigs (Parts 5 & 6); a detailed, species‑by‑species transport regime with journey time, water, spacing and spelling (rest) requirements (Part 7, regs 35–61); and prescriptive requirements for cattle and sheep management including castration, dehorning, feedlots and procedures such as mulesing (Parts 8–9).**\n\n**Who this affects (practical effect)\n\n- Primary duty‑holders: farmers and livestock businesses (cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry, camels, alpacas, goats, deer, buffalo, emus/ostriches, horses), feedlot operators, livestock transporters and drivers, stock contractors, rodeo organisers, animal ethics committees, veterinary surgeons and researchers.\n- Secondary affected parties: manufacturers and suppliers of devices (eg virtual fencing or electrical devices), saleyard and abattoir operators, dog handlers used for livestock, and persons breeding or trading companion animals (via codes of practice in Schedule 2).\n\n**Who decides and enforces\n\n- Minister: approves devices and training courses, grants approvals for virtual fencing systems, and may grant limited exemptions (see regs 7, 8A, 27). These approvals may carry conditions and be varied or revoked (reg 7(4)–(5); reg 8A(2)–(5)).\n- Inspectors: authorised to give expiation notices and inspect records, premises and transport (reg 4; multiple record and inspection duties throughout Parts 6–7).\n- Designated rodeo judge and designated rodeo veterinary surgeon: have specific inspection and fitness determinations at rodeos (Part 4, regs 16–19).\n- Animal ethics committees: must report annually and their approval is material to licensing (regs 12–13).\n\n**Why it matters (practical consequences)\n\n- Compliance obligations: businesses must meet species‑specific standards (housing size, feeding, water access, inspection frequency, veterinary/surgical supervision), keep records (eg pig records, transport logs), obtain permits/licenses/approvals for some activities and devices, and follow codes of practice listed in Schedule 2 (reg 5). Failure carries criminal penalties (commonly up to $2,500) and expiation (infringement) fees.\n\n**Stated purpose claims and practical trade‑offs\n\n- Stated purpose (implicit in the instrument): protect animal welfare by prescribing minimum care and humane transport/handling standards and by restricting harmful devices and practices (see Part 2, regs 6–8A and Part 7 transport rules regs 49–61).\n- Costs and incentives: the rules shift costs to those who keep, move or supply animals — farmers, transport operators, stock contractors and device manufacturers pay for compliant equipment, training, recordkeeping and potentially altered logistics (eg shorter journey windows and spells, regs 49–61). Businesses that rely on long journeys or tight scheduling may need extra vehicles, more frequent stops, or different animal cohorts.\n- Regulatory discretion and uncertainty: the Minister has approval and exemption powers (regs 7(4)–(5), 8A(2)–(5), 27). That centralised discretion creates an approval and compliance gate for devices (virtual fencing) and herd health programs which can introduce uncertainty and administrative cost for innovators and suppliers.\n- Monitoring and enforcement burden: frequent inspection, record keeping and reporting obligations (eg pig records reg 28; transport records reg 48; animal ethics committee annual reports reg 13) increase compliance administration and require systems for audit readiness.\n- Substitution and unintended consequences: prescriptive bans and limits (eg on certain traps reg 9, gel for catching birds reg 10, restrictions on electrical devices regs 7–8 and 8A) can push operators toward alternative control methods, change animal sourcing or affect interstate/intrastate transport routes to meet journey/time‑off‑water limits.\n\n**Who pays, who benefits and behaviour changes (concise)\n\n- Who pays: livestock owners, transporters, rodeo operators, device manufacturers/suppliers and licensed research bodies incur the direct costs of compliance (infrastructure, training, record systems, possible reduced throughput). Fines and expiation fees are penalties on non‑compliance.\n- Who benefits: animals (through mandated minimum standards) and those purchasers/consumers who value welfare assurance; also the regulator benefits from clearer enforcement standards.\n- Behaviour changes required: change in housing design and stocking density, more frequent inspections, different transport scheduling (more spells/stops), use of approved devices only, training and certification for device operation (eg electroimmobilisers, virtual fencing), and obtaining permits/licenses where required.\n\n**Concrete mechanisms and notable provisions (by section)\n\n- Codes of practice become legally enforceable for listed activities (reg 5 and Schedule 2).\n- Use of electrical devices is restricted: electroimmobiliser use requires approved devices and certificates (reg 7); other electrical devices are banned except in narrow circumstances or under reg 8A virtual fencing rules (regs 8, 8A).\n- Virtual fencing is an approval regime: manufacturers apply to the Minister (reg 8A(2)–(5)); approvals may carry training, reporting and monitoring conditions and may be varied or revoked (reg 8A(4)). Sellers must pass purchaser details to the approval holder (reg 8A(7)).\n- Transport: detailed species/classed journey time, maximum time off water and minimum spell durations are prescribed in regs 49–61; drivers must keep records for long journeys (reg 48) and inspect animals regularly (reg 47(2)).\n- Pigs and poultry: prescriptive housing, space, surgical supervision and inspection obligations (Part 6 regs 29–34; Part 5 regs 22–24).\n- Cattle and sheep: added, prescriptive welfare and husbandry rules (Parts 8–9: castration and anaesthesia, dehorning, feedlot minimum area and health‑plan requirements, mulesing limits and analgesia requirements).\n\n**Implementation risks and administrative friction\n\n- Risk of uneven enforcement because many provisions require judgment calls (eg fitness for transport, \"reasonable steps\" for extreme weather, and adequacy of facilities) and inspectors must assess compliance.\n- Administrative burden on small operators: detailed records, inspections, training and potential permit applications (eg rodeo permit reg 16) may be relatively more onerous on small farms or sole operators.\n- Market effects: approval regime for technology (virtual fencing) centralises market entry under ministerial control and imposes ongoing conditions (training, reporting) that affect producers and device suppliers (reg 8A(4))."},"kimi_summary":{"_metrics":{"provider":"moonshot","completionTokens":2131},"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":8,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"The legislation has expanded significantly beyond its original 2012 scope. The legislative history shows major additions: Part 8 (Cattle) and Part 9 (Sheep) were inserted in 2016/2017, adding extensive species-specific husbandry rules including detailed standards for feedlots, mulesing, and artificial breeding. Regulation 8A (Virtual fencing systems) was added in 2025, introducing complex approval regimes for GPS/electronic containment technology that did not exist when the regulations were first made. The transport provisions (Part 7) have also grown to cover increasingly specific scenarios (e.g., special rules for emus and ostriches, bobby calves, and pregnant livestock of each species), transforming what began as general welfare regulations into a comprehensive technical manual for intensive animal production."},"complexity_factors":["**Length and structure**: 9 distinct Parts covering 80+ regulations, plus 3 Schedules. Total document runs to tens of thousands of words with multiple Division subdivisions within Parts.","**Extensive defined terms**: 20+ definitions in the general interpretation section (regulation 3) alone, plus additional Part-specific definitions (e.g., 'farrowing crate', 'bobby calf', 'electroimmobiliser', 'NVR registered training organisation').","**Mathematical formulas and conditional calculations**: Regulation 33(1)(c) requires calculating floor space using the formula P/80 + 0.25 where P is average pig weight. Transport regulations require cross-referencing multiple variables (journey time vs time off water vs spell duration) across species-specific tables.","**Nested conditional logic**: Heavy use of multi-layered exceptions. For example, regulation 8(2) allows electric prods only if (a) rodeo circumstances OR (b) specific pig loading circumstances OR (c) general circumstances, each with 4-6 sub-conditions. Regulation 67 allows castration without pain relief only if first yarding occurred after 6 months but before 12 months.","**Cross-referencing**: Constant references to the parent Animal Welfare Act 1985, external Codes of Practice (Schedule 2), other South Australian legislation (Agricultural and Veterinary Products Act, Livestock Act, Veterinary Practice Act), and Commonwealth legislation (National Vocational Education and Training Regulator Act).","**Tabular data with class variations**: Division 3 of Part 7 contains 12 separate tables (one per species) each with 4-6 rows of classes (pregnant, lactating, young, etc.) and 3 columns of time limits, creating hundreds of specific compliance points.","**Temporal and operational triggers**: Many provisions activate based on specific timeframes (e.g., 'within 60 hours after hatching', 'at least once every 2 days', 'more than 43 weeks pregnant') or operational statuses ('first yarding', 'end of productive life').","**Administrative approval systems**: Multiple layers of Ministerial approval required for electroimmobilisers, virtual fencing systems, herd health programs, training courses, and ethics committees, each with their own application, renewal, and revocation procedures."],"plain_english_summary":"## What this legislation does\n\nThe **Animal Welfare Regulations 2012** are the detailed rules made under South Australia's Animal Welfare Act 1985. They set legally enforceable standards for how animals must be treated, housed, transported, and used in research or entertainment.\n\n### Who it affects\n\nAnyone who owns, manages, transports, or works with animals in South Australia, including:\n- **Farmers and graziers** (cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry)\n- **Livestock transporters** (truck drivers, handlers)\n- **Researchers and teachers** using animals\n- **Rodeo operators and judges**\n- **Pet breeders and companion animal sellers**\n- **Veterinarians and inspectors**\n\n### What it covers\n\n**Basic welfare requirements**\n- Animals must have adequate food, water, and shelter appropriate to their species\n- Sick or injured animals must receive treatment or be humanely destroyed\n- Specific housing densities (space per animal) for pigs, poultry, and cattle in feedlots\n\n**Transport rules**\nStrict time limits for how long different species can travel without food, water, or rest (called a \"spell\"). For example:\n- Adult cattle: maximum 48 hours journey time, must have 36 hours rest after\n- Pregnant animals: shorter limits depending on species\n- Bobby calves (under 30 days): special feeding and bedding requirements\n\n**Prohibited and restricted practices**\n- **Banned**: Using certain traps near residential areas, applying gel to catch birds, surgically silencing animals (devocalisation), tail docking dogs, ear cropping\n- **Restricted**: Using electric prods (only under specific conditions), electroimmobilisers (requires certification), virtual fencing systems (must be Minister-approved)\n\n**Species-specific standards**\nDetailed rules for:\n- **Pigs**: Stall sizes, farrowing crate limits (maximum 6 weeks per reproductive cycle), qualified staff requirements\n- **Cattle**: Dehorning and castration rules (pain relief required over 6 months old), identification restrictions (no branding on heads)\n- **Sheep**: Mulesing restrictions (only on wool-bearing skin, pain relief required for older sheep), tail docking rules\n- **Poultry**: Cage sizes, perch requirements, maximum stocking densities\n\n**Research and teaching**\n- Animal ethics committees must approve research projects\n- Annual reporting requirements\n- Specific procedures (like eye irritancy testing on rabbits) only allowed if no alternatives exist\n\n**Rodeos**\n- Only horses and cattle allowed (no other animals)\n- Permits required 28 days in advance\n- Minimum animal weights (200kg), veterinary attendance mandatory\n- Restrictions on flank straps, electric prods, and number of events per animal per day\n\n### Why it matters\n\nThese regulations carry **penalties up to $2,500** for breaches, plus lower \"expiation fees\" (on-the-spot fines) for minor offences. They translate general animal welfare principles into concrete, measurable standards—such as exact floor space measurements for cages or specific hours for transport breaks. Compliance is monitored by authorised inspectors, and failure to keep required records (such as health inspections or transport logs) is itself an offence.\n\nThe regulations also incorporate external **Codes of Practice** (like the South Australian Standards for Breeding Companion Animals), making those guidelines legally binding for specific activities."},"summary":{"complexity_score":1,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"Unable to assess whether the scope of the regulations changed from original intent — no legislative text was available for analysis due to a broken link resulting from a website migration on 24 March 2026."},"complexity_factors":["No legislative content was retrievable — the source URL returned a 404 Page Not Found error","Cannot assess actual regulatory complexity without the text","Score of 1 reflects absence of analysable content, not simplicity of the underlying law"],"plain_english_summary":"The Animal Welfare Regulations 2012 (SA) set detailed, legally binding standards and procedural rules under South Australia’s animal welfare law—covering care standards, industry-specific requirements, licensing/permits, and inspector enforcement powers.  \n\nThey affect anyone who owns, breeds, transports, manages, or works with animals in SA (pet owners, farmers, vets, researchers, businesses), and matter because they translate high-level welfare duties into enforceable day-to-day rules."},"issue_detection":{"absurdities":[],"contradictions":[]},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/animal-welfare-regulations-2012","history":"/api/acts/animal-welfare-regulations-2012/history","analysis":"/api/acts/animal-welfare-regulations-2012/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/animal-welfare-regulations-2012/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/animal-welfare-regulations-2012/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/animal-welfare-regulations-2012/documents"}}