{"id":"F2006B09794","name":"AD/F28/59 Amdt 1 - Emergency Lighting","slug":"ad-f28-59-amdt-1-emergency-lighting","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":54714,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2006B09794-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-02","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"AD/F28/59 Amdt 1 - Emergency Lighting","content":"COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA (Civil Aviation Regulations 1998), PART 39 \\- 105 CIVIL AVIATION SAFETY AUTHORITY\n\nSCHEDULE OF AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES\n\n![](image.001.png)  \nFokker F28 Series Aeroplanes\n\nAD/F28/59\n\nAmdt 1\n\n  \nEmergency Lighting 8/89\n\nApplicability: All model F28-1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 Series aeroplanes.\n\nRequirement: 1\\. Ensure that a three position emergency lighting switch (ie OFF, ON and ARMED), which incorporates a means to ensure against inadvertent operation from the ON or ARMED positions is installed in the cockpit.\n\nNote: Fokker SB F28/33-26 and F28/33/35 refers.\n\n    2. Verify that the emergency lighting system will illuminate:\n\n    (a) upon loss of normal electrical power (ie upon loss of AC generator power) when armed in the cockpit\n\n    (b) when turned on in the cockpit; and\n\n    (c) when turned on at the flight attendant station.\n\n    3. Accomplish one of the following:\n\n    (a) Modify the emergency lighting system so that when armed, and upon loss of normal electrical power, the emergency lighting system is powered by its own dedicated battery packs ; or\n\n    (b) Determine, by illumination measurement, the minimum aircraft battery voltage necessary to provide the required emergency lighting illumination levels. Modify the emergency lighting control circuitry to ensure that when armed and upon loss of normal aircraft power, the emergency lighting system power source is switched from the aircraft battery to the emergency lighting system dedicated battery packs PRIOR to the aircraft battery falling below this minimum voltage.\n\nNote 1: For the purpose of this Directive, the emergency lighting system is considered to consist of the emergency lights, the evacuation lights, and where required the floor proximity escape path lighting.\n\nNote 2: Normal electrical power is considered to be AC generator power. Note 3: Fokker S B F28/33/35 and FAA AD 88-25-07 refer.\n\nCompliance: Prior to 23 February 1990.\n\nBackground: The FAA and Fokker have advised that early configuration F28 aircraft may not have a three position switch of the type required, and also that certain elements of the emergency lighting system may not illuminate automatically if normal aircraft power is lost. This condition could result in failure of the emergency lights to operate when required in an emergency.\n\nCOMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA (Civil Aviation Regulations 1998), PART 39 \\- 105 CIVIL AVIATION SAFETY AUTHORITY\n\nSCHEDULE OF AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES\n\nAmendment 1 to this Directive is issued to clarify Requirement 2.","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This is Amendment 1 to an existing directive. The amendment is explicitly limited to clarifying Requirement 2 and does not expand the scope beyond the original safety purpose of ensuring emergency lighting functionality on Fokker F28 aircraft."},"complexity_factors":["Short, single-purpose directive with only 3 requirements","Minimal defined terms (only implicit definitions in Notes 1-3)","Simple conditional logic ( Requirement 3 offers two alternative compliance paths)","Limited cross-references (only 2 Fokker Service Bulletins and 1 FAA AD mentioned)","Clear compliance deadline (single date: 23 February 1990)","Amendment 1 serves only to clarify Requirement 2, not add substantive content"],"plain_english_summary":"This CASA Airworthiness Directive requires Australian-registered Fokker F28 operators to upgrade emergency lighting so it reliably illuminates escape routes during power failures. It mandates a guarded three-position cockpit switch (OFF/ON/ARM), checks that lights operate from normal, cockpit, and cabin controls, and ensures dedicated backup battery power or an automatic transfer before main battery voltage falls.\n\nIt affects all Fokker F28 series owners/operators and addresses a risk of lights failing during evacuations."},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"Amendment 1 only clarifies Requirement 2 (verification conditions for illumination). It does not materially expand the set of affected aircraft, the types of required hardware or the available compliance options. Therefore the scope of the directive remains aligned with the original safety-focused purpose described in the Background."},"complexity_factors":["Applicability limited to four F28 model groups (F28-1000, -2000, -3000, -4000)","Three main numbered requirements with subparts (Requirement 1; Requirement 2 with three conditions; Requirement 3 with two alternative compliance options)","Two defined terms in notes clarifying the scope of 'emergency lighting' and 'normal electrical power' (Notes 1 and 2)","Two alternative technical compliance paths in Requirement 3 (dedicated battery installation OR measurement + control-circuit modification)","Cross-references to two Fokker service bulletins and one FAA AD for technical procedures","Compliance deadline specified (adds an implementation timetable)","Amendment limited to clarifying Requirement 2 (reduces ambiguity but does not add new substantive branches)"],"plain_english_summary":"**What this directive does (mechanically)**\n\n- Requires all Fokker F28 series aeroplanes (models F28-1000, -2000, -3000 and -4000) to have a three-position emergency lighting switch in the cockpit (positions: OFF, ON, ARMED) that includes a means to prevent accidental movement from ON or ARMED (Requirement 1).\n\n- Requires verification that the emergency lighting will illuminate in three situations (Requirement 2):\n  - automatically when normal electrical power is lost (specifically loss of AC generator power) while the switch is ARMED in the cockpit;\n  - when the switch is turned ON in the cockpit; and\n  - when the switch is turned on at the flight attendant station.\n\n- Requires operators to do one of two technical fixes (Requirement 3):\n  - either fit dedicated battery packs so that, when armed and normal power is lost, the emergency lights are powered by their own batteries; or\n  - measure the minimum aircraft battery voltage needed to meet illumination requirements and modify the control circuitry so the lights switch from the aircraft battery to dedicated emergency battery packs before the aircraft battery drops below that measured minimum.\n\n- Defines the scope of \"emergency lighting\" to include emergency lights, evacuation lights, and where required, floor-proximity escape-path lighting (Note 1). It also defines \"normal electrical power\" as AC generator power (Note 2). Cross-references to Fokker service bulletins and an FAA airworthiness directive are provided (Notes and Background).\n\n- Sets a compliance deadline (specified in the directive). Amendment 1 clarifies Requirement 2.\n\n**Who this affects and who pays**\n\n- Directly affects aircraft owners/operators of the listed Fokker F28 models and their maintenance/engineering organisations.\n- These parties pay for the work: purchasing and installing switches, batteries or control-circuit modifications, performing illumination measurements and tests, and labour/downtime for engineering and certification.\n- The regulator (Civil Aviation Safety Authority) enforces compliance; operators and approved maintenance/engineering organisations decide which of the allowed technical options to implement and must carry out work to an acceptable standard.\n\n**Why it matters (stated rationale and practical implications)**\n\n- Stated purpose: The FAA and Fokker identified that early-configured F28s might lack the specified three-position switch and that some emergency lighting elements might not illuminate automatically after loss of normal power. The directive aims to ensure emergency lighting works when required in an emergency (Background).\n\n- Practical trade-offs, costs and risks:\n  - Costs: hardware (switch assemblies, dedicated batteries), engineering/modification design, certification effort, labour and aircraft out-of-service time. Some installations may also increase aircraft weight (additional batteries) and ongoing maintenance (battery replacement, testing).\n  - Operational impact: Operators must test and verify illumination performance and either install dedicated emergency battery packs or change control logic to ensure reliable switchover; this adds maintenance tasks and potential supply/installation demand for parts and specialists.\n  - Safety benefit vs cost: The measure targets reliability of emergency lighting in power-loss scenarios; the benefit is concentrated on occupants and emergency responders, while the cost is borne by operators of the affected fleet.\n  - Implementation risk: Measurement errors, improper switching timing, or poor installation could leave the lighting ineffective despite compliance steps. The regulator’s approval and following cited service bulletins aim to reduce that risk.\n\n**How behaviour changes**\n\n- Operators must inspect fleet configuration for the required switch, test illumination under the listed conditions, and carry out either battery installation or control-circuit modification as a compliance path.\n- Maintenance providers and parts suppliers are engaged for hardware, testing and certification work.\n\n**Cross-references and evidence base**\n\n- The directive references Fokker service bulletins (F28/33-26, F28/33/35) and an FAA AD (88-25-07) for technical detail and implementation guidance (Notes and Background).\n\n**Bottom line**\n\n- This is a technical, safety-focused airworthiness directive that requires mechanical and electrical changes and testing to ensure emergency lighting on affected F28 aircraft operates automatically after loss of AC generator power and under manual activation. The costs fall on aircraft owners/operators and their maintenance organisations, while the regulator prescribes required outcomes and enforces the compliance deadline."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/ad-f28-59-amdt-1-emergency-lighting","history":"/api/acts/ad-f28-59-amdt-1-emergency-lighting/history","analysis":"/api/acts/ad-f28-59-amdt-1-emergency-lighting/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/ad-f28-59-amdt-1-emergency-lighting/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/ad-f28-59-amdt-1-emergency-lighting/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/ad-f28-59-amdt-1-emergency-lighting/documents"}}