{"id":"F2006B09460","name":"AD/EMB-110/2 Amdt 9 - Fatigue Life Limits","slug":"ad-emb-110-2-amdt-9-fatigue-life-limits","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":53920,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2006B09460-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-02","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"AD/EMB-110/2 Amdt 9 - Fatigue Life Limits","content":"![](image.001.png)\n\n![](image.001.png)  \nAIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVE\n\nFor the reasons set out in the background section, the CASA delegate whose signature appears below revokes Airworthiness Directive (AD) AD/EMB- 110/2 Amdt 8 and issues the following AD under subregulation 39.1 (1) of CAR 1998. The AD requires that the action set out in the requirement section (being action that the delegate considers necessary to correct the unsafe condition) be taken in relation to the aircraft or aeronautical product mentioned in the applicability section: (a) in the circumstances mentioned in the requirement section; and (b) in accordance with the instructions set out in the requirement section; and (c) at the time mentioned in the compliance section.\n\n![](image.001.png)  \n\nEmbraer EMB-110 (Bandeirante) Series Aeroplanes\n\nAD/EMB-110/2\n\nAmdt 9\n\n  \n\nFatigue Life Limits 9/2002 TX\n\nApplicability: All Model EMB-110 aircraft.\n\nRequirement: Except for the variations noted below, retire from service before exceeding the\n\nservice lives shown in the table the landing gear, fuselage and wing components listed in Section IV, Table A, “Life Limits”, of Embraer Technical Manual No TP 110P2/145, EMB-110 Bandeirante “Maintenance Planning Guide”, Original issue dated 12 July 1988, as revised by Change 16 dated 29 May 2002.\n\nThe Authority has approved a life increase, to 50,000 landings for main landing gear piston tubes part number 14333-000-01/02. The increased life is effective from 29 November 2000. The Authority has asked Embraer to change the MPG.\n\nChange 15 to the MPG dated 30 March 2002, introduces a life limit of 21 000 hours TIS for the engine mounts, which had not previously been lifed. Because of the effect that this change will have on operators, Embraer have developed an implementation plan which will ensure that operators comply with the new life limit by 30 November 2002 (Embraer letter PCE-2157/2002 of 10 July 2002 refers). The Authority has accepted Embraer’s implementation plan. Accordingly, aircraft with engine mounts which have accumulated more than 21 000 hours TIS are to have their engine mounts replaced by 30 November 2002 in accordance with the implementation plan contained in Embraer letter PCE-2157/2002 of 10 July 2002.\n\nNote1: Whenever the MPG specifies the service life in both hours and landings for a component, that component shall be retired at the earlier of the two limits reached in each instance.\n\nNote 2: Correct installation is critical to the durability of the improved design wing attachment fittings, part number 110-2111-00-78, 110-2211-00-78, 110-1231-50-41, and 110-1231-50-42. The lives in the MPG apply to fittings installed by either the aircraft manufacturer or Eastern Australia Airlines (EOs WIF 001, WIF 002).\n\nOperators of aircraft that have improved design fittings otherwise installed must contact the Authority for an individual fatigue assessment. TP 110/869 and TP 110/659 may refer.\n\nNote 3: The Authority has given approval to two life extension options for the wing front spar lower cap; one involves reinforcement of the spar cap, and the other, regular eddy current inspections.\n\nEmbraer EMB-110 (Bandeirante) Series Aeroplanes\n\nAD/EMB-110/2 Amdt 9 (continued)\n\nCompliance: As specified in the Requirement part of this Directive and the Requirement document.\n\nThis amendment becomes effective on 18 July 2002.\n\nBackground: Some critical structural components are prone to fatigue, and must be withdrawn from service before the risk of failure becomes too high.\n\nAmendment 6 reflected Change 2 to the MPG.\n\nAmendment 7 reflected Change 5 to the MPG, and removed Requirement 2, following cancellation of Brazil AD 90-07-01R1 and inclusion of the requirement in the MPG.\n\nAmendment 8 reflected changes to the main landing gear piston tubes and an update to the requirement document.\n\nAmendment 9 is issued to reflect the latest revision of the requirement document, and to allow operators to take advantage of Embraer’s implementation plan introducing the life limit on engine mounts.\n\nAmendment 8 of this Airworthiness Directive became effective on 29 November 2000.\n\nAmendment 7 of this Airworthiness Directive became effective on 6 March 1992.\n\nThe original issue of this Airworthiness Directive became effective on 31 October 1978.\n\n![Signature of David Villiers, Delegate of the Civil Aviation Safety Authority.](image.002.jpeg)  \n\nDavid Alan Villiers\n\nDelegate of the Civil Aviation Safety Authority 17 July 2002\n\n![](image.001.png)  \n\nThe above AD is notified in the Commonwealth of Australia Gazette on 18 July 2002.","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This amendment remains tightly focused on its original purpose: establishing and updating fatigue life limits for EMB-110 structural components. While it incorporates new data (engine mount limits, extended gear life) and provides implementation flexibility, it does not expand beyond the core safety mandate of the original 1978 directive. The scope has evolved with technical knowledge but not drifted into unrelated regulatory areas."},"complexity_factors":["Multiple amendment history references (Amendments 6, 7, 8, and original 1978 issue) creating contextual overhead","Cross-references to external technical documents: Embraer Technical Manual TP 110P2/145, specific Embraer letters (PCE-2157/2002), and technical papers (TP 110/869, TP 110/659)","Conditional logic for different component installation scenarios (manufacturer vs Eastern Australia Airlines vs other installers)","Dual metric compliance triggers (hours Time-In-Service vs landings — 'earlier of the two' rule)","Specific part number tracking required (14333-000-01/02, 110-2111-00-78, etc.)","Implementation plan integration for engine mounts with grandfathering provisions","Two alternative compliance paths for wing front spar lower cap (reinforcement vs inspection regime)"],"plain_english_summary":"This AD mandates fatigue life limits for key structures on Embraer EMB‑110 Bandeirante aircraft, requiring operators to retire parts before they exceed the hours/landings in Embraer’s Maintenance Planning Guide to prevent metal‑fatigue failure. It affects all Australian EMB‑110 operators and covers landing gear, fuselage, wings and engine mounts.\n\nNotable points: main landing‑gear piston tubes life set at 50,000 landings; engine mounts limited to 21,000 hours (replacement deadline 30 Nov 2002); wing fittings and front spar have special assessment or reinforcement/inspection options. Effective 18 July 2002."},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":5,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"Compared with earlier issues, this amendment updates and expands the set of lifed components and their service limits: it formalises a new 21,000‑hour life limit for engine mounts (with a mandated replacement schedule to 30 Nov 2002) and records an approved life increase for main landing gear piston tubes to 50,000 landings. The AD continues to apply to all Model EMB‑110 aircraft but extends regulatory coverage and introduces retroactive replacement and assessment obligations (see Requirement and Notes)."},"complexity_factors":["Cross-reference to Embraer Technical Manual No TP 110P2/145, Section IV Table A (life limits) — requires matching regulatory text to manufacturer data.","Multiple amendments and historical changes (Amendments 6–9) updating limits and requirements over time.","Specific part‑level measures: e.g. main landing gear piston tubes life increase to 50,000 landings (PN 14333‑000‑01/02) and new engine mount life limit of 21,000 hours TIS.","Implementation plan and deadline for retroactive compliance (Embraer letter PCE‑2157/2002 — replace engine mounts by 30 Nov 2002) creating transitional obligations.","Options and exceptions requiring case‑by‑case Authority decisions: individual fatigue assessments for certain improved fittings and approved life‑extension methods (reinforcement or eddy‑current inspection) for the wing spar lower cap.","Operational compliance burdens on operators (inspections, part replacements) and potential logistics/recordkeeping to track hours vs landings.","Dependence on correct installation for applicability of life limits to improved wing attachment fittings; ambiguity where fittings were installed by other parties."],"plain_english_summary":"This Airworthiness Directive requires operators of all Embraer EMB‑110 aeroplanes to retire specified landing‑gear, fuselage and wing components before they exceed service lives set out in Embraer’s Maintenance Planning Guide (MPG). CASA has approved some life increases and two extension options and sets a replacement deadline for engine mounts that have exceeded 21,000 hours (to be replaced by 30 November 2002).\n\nMechanically, CASA enforces retirement, replacement and inspection requirements; operators pay for parts, inspections and compliance. The stated purpose is to remove fatigue‑prone parts before the risk of structural failure becomes unacceptable."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/ad-emb-110-2-amdt-9-fatigue-life-limits","history":"/api/acts/ad-emb-110-2-amdt-9-fatigue-life-limits/history","analysis":"/api/acts/ad-emb-110-2-amdt-9-fatigue-life-limits/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/ad-emb-110-2-amdt-9-fatigue-life-limits/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/ad-emb-110-2-amdt-9-fatigue-life-limits/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/ad-emb-110-2-amdt-9-fatigue-life-limits/documents"}}