{"id":"F2006B03176","name":"AD/B747/280 - Fuel Tank Pumps","slug":"ad-b747-280-fuel-tank-pumps","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":42548,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2006B03176-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-01","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVE","sectionType":"part","heading":"AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVE","content":"# ![](image.001.png)  \nAIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVE\n\nFor the reasons set out in the background section, the CASA delegate whose signature appears below issues the following Airworthiness Directive (AD) under subregulation 39.1 (1) of CAR 1998. The AD requires that the action set out in the requirement section (being action that the delegate considers necessary to correct the unsafe condition) be taken in relation to the aircraft or aeronautical product mentioned in the applicability section: (a) in the circumstances mentioned in the requirement section; and (b) in accordance with the instructions set out in the requirement section; and (c) at the time mentioned in the compliance section.\n\n![](image.001.png)\n\nBoeing 747 Series Aeroplanes","sortOrder":0},{"sectionNumber":"AD/B747/280 Fuel Tank Pumps 12/2002 TX","sectionType":"part","heading":"AD/B747/280 Fuel Tank Pumps 12/2002 TX","content":"## AD/B747/280 Fuel Tank Pumps 12/2002 TX\n\nApplicability: All model 747 series aeroplanes.\n\nRequirement: 1. Remove the AFM revision required by AD/B747/279 Amdt 1.\n\n    2. Revise the Limitations Section of the Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) by incorporating the procedures included at Annex A or Annex B to this Directive (this may be accomplished by inserting a copy of the applicable Annex into the AFM).","sortOrder":1},{"sectionNumber":"The limitations contained in the Annexes","sectionType":"division","heading":"The limitations contained in the Annexes to this Directive supersede any conflicting basic AFM limitations.","content":"### The limitations contained in the Annexes to this Directive supersede any conflicting basic AFM limitations.\n\n    3. Install placards as follows:","sortOrder":2},{"sectionNumber":"a. For Model 747-100, -200B, -200F, -200","sectionType":"division","heading":"a. For Model 747-100, -200B, -200F, -200C, -100B, -300, -100B SUD,","content":"### a. For Model 747-100, \\-200B, \\-200F, \\-200C, \\-100B, \\-300, \\-100B SUD,\n\n747SR, and 747SP series aeroplanes \\- Install the following placard on or adjacent to the flight engineer's fuel control panel:\n\n\"AD/B747/280 fuel usage restrictions required.\"\n\n    b. For Model 747-400 series aeroplanes \\- Install the following placard on or adjacent to each pilot’s primary flight display (PFD):\n\n\"AD/B747/280 fuel usage restrictions required.\"\n\n    c. For Model 747-400, \\-400D, and -400F series aeroplanes on which a horizontal stabilizer tank is installed \\- Install the following placard adjacent to each pilot’s PFD:\n\n\"Use of horizontal stabilizer tank is prohibited.\"\n\n    4. Fuel pumps with the following part numbers (P/N) may not be installed on any aeroplane as a replacement part, unless the pump has been inspected to ensure that the wire bundle is properly routed in the pump since the most recent assembly of the end cap and motor- impeller housing (whether during manufacture, after maintenance or inspection, or after overhaul) in accordance with Boeing Alert Service Bulletin (ASB) 747-28A2248 dated 23 September 2002 or Crane Hydro-Aire Service Bulletin (SB) Crane Hydro-Aire Motor- Impeller-28-01, including Appendix A, dated 17 September 17 2002:","sortOrder":3},{"sectionNumber":"AD/B747/280","sectionType":"part","heading":"AD/B747/280","content":"# AD/B747/280\n\n## Annex A\n\n  \n\nFuel Tank Pumps 12/2002 TX","sortOrder":4},{"sectionNumber":"Annex A","sectionType":"part","heading":"Annex A","content":"## Annex A\n\n  \n\nFuel Tank Pumps 12/2002 TX","sortOrder":5},{"sectionNumber":"Model 747-100, -200B, -200F, -200C, -100","sectionType":"division","heading":"Model 747-100, -200B, -200F, -200C, -100B, -300, -100B SUD, 747SR, and 747SP","content":"### Model 747-100, \\-200B, \\-200F, \\-200C, \\-100B, \\-300, \\-100B SUD, 747SR, and 747SP\n\nSeries Aeroplanes Aircraft Flight Manual Revision\n\nCertificate Limitations\n\nFuelling and use of the centre auxiliary fuel tank and auxiliary fuel tanks 1 and 4 (if installed) is prohibited.\n\nThe centre wing tank (CWT) must contain a minimum of 17,000 pounds (7,700 kilograms) of fuel prior to engine start, if the CWT override/jettison pumps are to be selected ON during flight.\n\nThe CWT fuel quantity indication system must be operative to dispatch with CWT mission fuel.\n\nBoth CWT override/jettison pump switches must be selected OFF at or before the CWT fuel quantity reaches 7,000 pounds (3,200 kilograms), if the CWT fuel quantity is less than 50,000 pounds (22,700 kilograms) prior to engine start. The CWT override pumps may be selected ON during stabilized cruise conditions. Both CWT override/jettison pump switches must be selected OFF at or before the CWT fuel quantity reaches 3,000 pounds (1,400 kilograms).\n\nBoth CWT override/jettison pump switches must be selected OFF at or before the CWT fuel quantity reaches 3,000 pounds (1,400 kilograms), if the CWT fuel quantity is greater than or equal to 50,000 pounds (22,700 kilograms) prior to engine start.\n\nBoth CWT override/jettison pumps must be selected OFF when either CWT override/jettison fuel pump low pressure light illuminates.\n\nWarning: Do not reset a tripped fuel pump circuit breaker.\n\nWarning: Do not cycle the CWT pump switches from ON to OFF to ON with any continuous low pressure indication present.\n\nNote: The CWT may be emptied normally in an emergency fuel jettison.\n\nNote: In a low fuel situation, both CWT override/jettison pumps may be selected ON and all CWT fuel may be used.\n\nIf a centre wing tank pump fails with fuel in the centre tank, shut off the affected fuel pump.\n\nIf the main tanks are not full, the zero fuel gross weight of the aeroplane plus the weight of CWT tank fuel may exceed the maximum zero fuel gross weight by up to 7,000 pounds (3,200 kilograms) for takeoff, climb, cruise, descent, and landing, provided that the effects of balance (CG) have been considered.","sortOrder":6},{"sectionNumber":"Annex B","sectionType":"part","heading":"Annex B","content":"## Annex B\n\nCertificate Limitations","sortOrder":8},{"sectionNumber":"Fuel Tank Pumps 12/2002 TX","sectionType":"part","heading":"Fuel Tank Pumps 12/2002 TX","content":"## Fuel Tank Pumps 12/2002 TX","sortOrder":9},{"sectionNumber":"Model 747-400, -400D, and -400F","sectionType":"division","heading":"Model 747-400, -400D, and -400F","content":"### Model 747-400, \\-400D, and \\-400F\n\nSeries Aeroplanes Aircraft Flight Manual Revision","sortOrder":10}],"analysis":{"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This AD stays within the original safety-focused purpose (addressing an unsafe condition associated with fuel tank pumps and their wiring). It replaces and refines a prior AFM revision, adds model-specific AFM limitations and placards, and institutes an inspection requirement for listed pump part numbers. Those are implementation and scope refinements rather than a material expansion of the AD beyond the original safety objective."},"complexity_factors":["Multiple aircraft submodels with different mandatory actions (Annex A for older 747 variants; Annex B for 747-400 family).","Cross-reference to a previous AD (AD/B747/279 Amdt 1) that must be removed (Requirement 1).","External service bulletin dependencies: Boeing ASB 747-28A2248 and Crane Hydro-Aire SB Motor-Impeller-28-01 are normative for the inspection requirement (Requirement 4).","Model-specific placard requirements with different text and locations (Requirement 3, subparts a–c).","Detailed conditional operational rules in the annexes (multiple numeric thresholds for CWT fuel and pump switch ON/OFF behaviour).","Explicit override of AFM limitations in the annexes (supersession language increases legal effect and coordination tasks).","Mixture of prescriptive actions (install placards, revise AFM) and technical inspection standards (wire routing inspection), requiring coordination between flight operations and maintenance.","Warnings and procedural prohibitions (do not reset circuit breakers; do not cycle pump switches under certain conditions) that create compliance and training requirements."],"plain_english_summary":"**What this directive does (mechanically)\n\n- Applies to: all Boeing 747 series aeroplanes (the AD's applicability section).\n- Removes a previous Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) revision required by AD/B747/279 Amdt 1 (Requirement 1).\n- Requires operators to revise the AFM Limitations section by inserting one of two prescribed annexes (Annex A or Annex B) that set operational limits and procedures (Requirement 2; Annex A and Annex B). The annexes explicitly override any conflicting AFM limitations.\n- Requires installation of placards in the flight deck stating the presence of fuel-usage restrictions; the exact placard text and location depend on the 747 model (Requirement 3).\n- Prohibits the installation of certain fuel pump parts as replacement items unless the pump has been inspected to confirm correct wire-bundle routing after the last assembly of the pump end cap and motor/impeller housing, using the inspection instructions in the specified Boeing or Crane Hydro-Aire Service Bulletins (Requirement 4).\n\nWho this affects\n\n- Aircraft operators and owners of Boeing 747 series aeroplanes: must revise AFMs, install placards, operate under new fuel-use limitations, and ensure dispatch compliance.\n- Flight crews (pilots and flight engineers): must follow new AFM limitations (pump-switching rules, minimum CWT fuel requirements, warnings about circuit breakers and switch cycling) and observe placards.\n- Maintenance organisations and parts suppliers: must inspect listed fuel pumps before using them as replacement parts and comply with the referenced service bulletins for the inspection.\n- Regulators and continuing airworthiness managers: must certify and oversee compliance with the AD.\n\nWhy it matters (stated purpose and practical effects)\n\n- Stated purpose: to correct an unsafe condition related to fuel tank pumps (the AD requires actions the CASA delegate considers necessary to correct the unsafe condition). The inspection and operational limits are designed to eliminate or reduce the risk that a misrouted wire bundle in a pump could create an ignition source inside a fuel tank.\n\nCosts, incentives and trade-offs (practical/operational implications)\n\n- Direct compliance costs: updating AFMs, printing/placing placards, carrying out inspections of suspect pump units, and potential downtime while inspections or corrective actions are performed (Requirements 2–4).\n- Ongoing operational constraints: crew must operate pumps and fuel transfer in accordance with the new limitations (e.g. minimum CWT fuel before selecting override/jettison pumps ON, required OFF thresholds at specific fuel quantities, do-not-reset and do-not-cycle warnings in Annex A/B). These procedures change normal operating choices about fuel use and management.\n- Parts and maintenance impact: replacement pumps with listed part numbers cannot be fitted unless inspected per the service bulletins, which shifts responsibility and potential cost to maintenance shops and suppliers to document correct wire routing.\n- Safety vs. availability trade-off: the AD aims to reduce ignition risk at the cost of restricting certain fuel-management options and increasing maintenance/inspection workload.\n\nImplementation and compliance notes\n\n- The AD explicitly supersedes conflicting AFM limitations (Annexes state they override basic AFM limits), so operators must ensure the AFM contains the AD text (Requirement 2).\n- The AD cross-references manufacturer and component supplier service bulletins (Boeing ASB 747-28A2248 and Crane Hydro-Aire SB Motor-Impeller-28-01) as the inspection method; compliance therefore depends on those external documents being followed exactly (Requirement 4).\n- Aircraft dispatch conditions are tightened in some cases (for example, minimum CWT fuel quantities before selecting certain pumps ON, and mandatory OFF settings at stated fuel levels in Annex A/B).\n\nConcrete examples of new flight-deck behaviour required (from Annex A/B)\n\n- For many older 747 types (Annex A): centre and some auxiliary tanks may be prohibited; centre wing tank (CWT) must have a minimum of 17,000 lb before starting engines if override/jettison pumps will be used in flight; explicit ON/OFF thresholds (e.g. select overrides OFF at or before 7,000 lb if CWT fuel < 50,000 lb at engine start; always OFF at or before 3,000 lb in other cases); do not reset tripped fuel pump circuit breakers; do not cycle pump switches if continuous low-pressure indication is present.\n- For 747-400 family (Annex B): similar model-specific AFM limitations and a separate placard requirement; if a horizontal stabilizer tank is installed on some 747-400 variants, use of that tank is prohibited (Requirement 3c).\n\nWho pays and who decides\n\n- Operators pay for AFM changes, placards and inspections/maintenance work. Maintenance organisations bear the inspection workload and must document compliance when fitting replacement pumps. CASA (via the delegate) decides the AD content and enforces compliance under CAR subregulation 39.1(1).\n\nOverall mechanical effect\n\n- The AD replaces a prior AFM revision, inserts mandated AFM limitations that override conflicting material, requires visible cockpit placards, and prevents installation of suspect pumps without an inspection. The practical outcome is tighter maintenance and fuel-management controls intended to remove an ignition risk associated with pump wiring (Requirements 1–4; Annex A and Annex B)."},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This AD appears focused on its original safety purpose — addressing the fuel pump wire bundle routing defect and implementing operational restrictions to mitigate fire risks. The scope covers all affected Boeing 747 models with model-specific requirements, which is appropriate for the technical issue being addressed rather than scope creep."},"complexity_factors":["Multiple aircraft model variants with different requirements (older 747 series vs. 747-400 series)","Two separate Annexes (A and B) with different operating limitations for different aircraft models","Precise fuel quantity thresholds specified in both pounds and kilograms (17,000 lb/7,700 kg, 7,000 lb/3,200 kg, 3,000 lb/1,400 kg, 50,000 lb/22,700 kg)","Conditional logic for fuel pump operation based on multiple variables: fuel quantity at engine start, current fuel quantity, pump pressure indications, and emergency situations","Cross-reference to prior directive AD/B747/279 Amdt 1 (which must be removed)","Reference to external technical documents (Boeing Alert Service Bulletin 747-28A2248 and Crane Hydro-Aire Service Bulletin)","Specific part number prohibitions with exception for inspected/certified pumps","Nested conditions: different rules apply depending on whether CWT fuel is above or below 50,000 pounds at engine start, with different shutdown thresholds","Exception to the exception: emergency fuel jettison and low fuel situations have different rules"],"plain_english_summary":"This CASA Airworthiness Directive mandates safety actions for all Boeing 747s to address improper fuel pump wire routing that could spark a fire or explosion in fuel tanks. It requires AFM updates, cockpit placards, and prohibits installing certain pump parts unless inspected and certified, plus new fuel‑management and pump‑operation restrictions (e.g., tank usage limits, minimum centre‑tank fuel before start, switching off pumps at low levels, and no resetting tripped pump breakers). It affects all 747 owners, operators and maintainers in Australia."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/ad-b747-280-fuel-tank-pumps","history":"/api/acts/ad-b747-280-fuel-tank-pumps/history","analysis":"/api/acts/ad-b747-280-fuel-tank-pumps/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/ad-b747-280-fuel-tank-pumps/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/ad-b747-280-fuel-tank-pumps/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/ad-b747-280-fuel-tank-pumps/documents"}}